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Emerging Point-of-Care Biosensors and Their Applications

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A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors and Healthcare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 6327

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Minli You

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Guest Editor

The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Interests: point-of-care testing; photonic PCR; digital detection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Xiangkun (Elvis) Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
Interests: optofluidics; biosensors; point-of-care diagnostics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to submit papers to the journal Biosensors for a Special Issue that will be devoted to “Emerging Point-of-Care Biosensors and Their Applications”.

Point-of-care (POC) biosensors, including chip-based and paper-based biosensors, have been widely used in disease diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety detection, due to their rapid response, low cost, and user-friendliness. Over the last few years, biosensor systems have rapidly developed in detection sensitivity, specificity, and portability.

This Special Issue thus seeks to showcase research papers, perspective pieces, and review articles that focus on various emerging electrochemical, optical, magnetic, and other types of biosensors for a wide range of applications. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

Biosensing concepts, mechanisms, and detection principles.
Biosensor manufacturing and signal transduction.
Multiplexed biosensing.
Point-of-care diagnostics.
Artificial intelligence-assisted analysis.

Dr. Minli You
Dr. Xiangkun (Elvis) Cao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

point-of-care
diagnostics
lab-on-a-chip
microfluidics
nanotechnology
multiplexed biosensing
artificial intelligence-assisted analysis

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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25 pages, 4847 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development and Evaluation of a Flexible PVDF-Based Balloon Sensor for Detecting Mechanical Forces at Key Esophageal Nodes in Esophageal Motility Disorders

by Peng Ran, Minchuan Li, Kunlin Zhang, Daming Sun, Yingbing Lai, Wei Liu, Ying Zhong and Zhangyong Li

Biosensors 2023, 13(8), 791; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13080791 - 4 Aug 2023

Viewed by 890

Abstract

Prevailing methods for esophageal motility assessments, such as perfusion manometry and probe-based function imaging, frequently overlook the intricate stress fields acting on the liquid-filled balloons at the forefront of the probing device within the esophageal lumen. To bridge this knowledge gap, we innovatively devised an infusible flexible balloon catheter, equipped with a quartet of PVDF piezoelectric sensors. This design, working in concert with a bespoke local key-node analytical algorithm and a sensor array state analysis model, seeks to shed new light on the dynamic mechanical characteristics at pivotal esophageal locales. To further this endeavor, we pioneered a singular closed balloon system and a complementary signal acquisition and processing system that employs a homogeneously distributed PVDF piezoelectric sensor array for the real-time monitoring of dynamic mechanical nuances in the esophageal segment. An advanced analytical model was established to scrutinize the coupled physical fields under varying degrees of balloon inflation, thereby facilitating a thorough dynamic stress examination of local esophageal nodes. Our rigorous execution of static, dynamic, and simulated swallowing experiments robustly substantiated the viability of our design, the logical coherence of our esophageal key-point stress analytical algorithm, and the potential clinical utility of a flexible esophageal key-node stress detection balloon probe outfitted with a PVDF array. This study offers a fresh lens through which esophageal motility testing can be viewed and improved upon. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Point-of-Care Biosensors and Their Applications)

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17 pages, 5619 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Intensity-Based Camera Setup for Refractometric and Biomolecular Sensing with a Photonic Crystal Microfluidic Chip

by Fabio Aldo Kraft, Stefanie Lehmann, Carmela Di Maria, Leonie Joksch, Stefanie Fitschen-Östern, Sabine Fuchs, Francesco Dell’Olio and Martina Gerken

Biosensors 2023, 13(7), 687; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13070687 - 27 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1367

Abstract

Label-free sensing is a promising approach for point-of-care testing devices. Among optical transducers, photonic crystal slabs (PCSs) have positioned themselves as an inexpensive yet versatile platform for label-free biosensing. A spectral resonance shift is observed upon biomolecular binding to the functionalized surface. Commonly, a PCS is read out by a spectrometer. Alternatively, the spectral shift may be translated into an intensity change by tailoring the system response. Intensity-based camera setups (IBCS) are of interest as they mitigate the need for postprocessing, enable spatial sampling, and have moderate hardware requirements. However, they exhibit modest performance compared with spectrometric approaches. Here, we show an increase of the sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) of an IBCS by employing a sharp-edged cut-off filter to optimize the system response. We report an increase of the LOD from (7.1 ± 1.3) × 10⁻⁴ RIU to (3.2 ± 0.7) × 10⁻⁵ RIU. We discuss the influence of the region of interest (ROI) size on the achievable LOD. We fabricated a biochip by combining a microfluidic and a PCS and demonstrated autonomous transport. We analyzed the performance via refractive index steps and the biosensing ability via diluted glutathione S-transferase (GST) antibodies (1:250). In addition, we illustrate the speed of detection and demonstrate the advantage of the additional spatial information by detecting streptavidin (2.9 µg/mL). Finally, we present the detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from whole blood as a possible basis for point-of-care devices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Point-of-Care Biosensors and Their Applications)

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10 pages, 2872 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Iodide-Mediated Etching of Gold Nanostar for the Multicolor Visual Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

by Yunping Lai, Beirong Yu, Tianran Lin and Li Hou

Biosensors 2023, 13(6), 585; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13060585 - 28 May 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1455

Abstract

A multicolor visual method for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was reported based on the iodide-mediated surface etching of gold nanostar (AuNS). First, AuNS was prepared by a seed-mediated method in a HEPES buffer. AuNS shows two different LSPR absorbance bands at 736 nm and 550 nm, respectively. Multicolor was generated by iodide-mediated surface etching of AuNS in the presence of H₂O₂. Under the optimized conditions, the absorption peak Δλ had a good linear relationship with the concentration of H₂O₂ with a linear range from 0.67~66.67 μmol L⁻¹, and the detection limit is 0.44 μmol L⁻¹. It can be used to detect residual H₂O₂ in tap water samples. This method offered a promising visual method for point-of-care testing of H₂O₂-related biomarkers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Point-of-Care Biosensors and Their Applications)

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Review

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21 pages, 1709 KiB

Open AccessReview

Microfluidic Device-Based Virus Detection and Quantification in Future Diagnostic Research: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic

by Andres Escobar, Alex Diab-Liu, Kamaya Bosland and Chang-qing Xu

Biosensors 2023, 13(10), 935; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13100935 - 18 Oct 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2043

Abstract

The global economic and healthcare crises experienced over the past three years, as a result of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has significantly impacted the commonplace habits of humans around the world. SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) phenomenon, has contributed to the deaths of millions of people around the world. The potential diagnostic applications of microfluidic devices have previously been demonstrated to effectively detect and quasi-quantify several different well-known viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza, and SARS-CoV-2. As a result, microfluidics has been further explored as a potential alternative to our currently available rapid tests for highly virulent diseases to better combat and manage future potential outbreaks. The outbreak management during COVID-19 was initially hindered, in part, by the lack of available quantitative rapid tests capable of confirming a person’s active infectiousness status. Therefore, this review will explore the use of microfluidic technology, and more specifically RNA-based virus detection methods, as an integral part of improved diagnostic capabilities and will present methods for carrying the lessons learned from COVID-19 forward, toward improved diagnostic outcomes for future pandemic-level threats. This review will first explore the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and how diagnostic technology was shown to have required even greater advancements to keep pace with the transmission of such a highly infectious virus. Secondly, the historical significance of integrating microfluidic technology in diagnostics and how the different types of genetic-based detection methods may vary in their potential practical applications. Lastly, the review will summarize the past, present, and future potential of RNA-based virus detection/diagnosis and how it might be used to better prepare for a future pandemic. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Point-of-Care Biosensors and Their Applications)

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