State-of-the-Art Biosensors in China (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 4824

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
Interests: single-molecule detection; single-molecule imaging; biosensors; nanosensors; nucleic acids; enzymes; quantum dots
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Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
Interests: droplet microfluidics; cell separation; inertial microfluidics; CTC separation and detection; dielectrophoresis; point-of-care testing (POCT) devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biosensors are analytical devices that combine a biological/synthetic molecule (e.g., nucleic acids, enzymes, and antibodies) immobilized on a transducer. The biological/synthetic molecule (i.e., biorecognition receptor) interacts with the target analyte, converting the receptor's response into a measurable signal (e.g., optical, electrochemical, and piezoelectric signals). The advancement of biosensors has recently attracted much interest from researchers worldwide due to their potential applications across diverse areas in health, medicine, agriculture, industry, defense, food safety, and environmental monitoring. These biosensors must possess characteristics including specificity, sensitivity, rapidity, affordability, portability, user-friendliness, and ease of specimen collection. Biosensors are even more facile, useful, and easier to obtain when they are integrated with new communication techniques, which make these devices more applicable to custom healthcare and environmental monitoring systems.

This Special Issue entitled “State-of-the-Art Biosensors in China (Volume II)” focuses on the most recent progress and innovations in the development of biosensors in China. Researchers from scientific fields of biology, chemistry, medicine, environment, engineering, and material sciences are invited to submit original and review articles that cover the following aspects:

  • The monitoring and diagnosis of various diseases in biofluids, such as cancer biomarkers, infectious diseases, and heart-related conditions.
  • The identification of pollutants and contaminants in environmental/food samples, such as pesticides, antibiotic residues, and heavy metals.
  • The advancement of innovative biosensors, such as colorimetry, electrochemistry, fluorescence, luminescence, surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), nanomaterial-based, and aptamer/antibody-based sensors.
  • The development of rapid and sensitive biosensing techniques in the bioanalysis and medical fields, such as microfluidic chips, single-molecule imaging, smartphone sensing, wearable devices, point-of-care systems, and machine and deep learning.

Prof. Dr. Chunyang Zhang
Prof. Dr. Nan Xiang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biosensors
  • colorimetry
  • electrochemistry
  • fluorescence
  • luminescence
  • surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 11663 KiB  
Article
Integrated SERS-Microfluidic Sensor Based on Nano-Micro Hierarchical Cactus-like Array Substrates for the Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
by Huakun Jia, Weiyang Meng, Rongke Gao, Yeru Wang, Changbiao Zhan, Yiyue Yu, Haojie Cong and Liandong Yu
Biosensors 2024, 14(12), 579; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14120579 - 28 Nov 2024
Viewed by 536
Abstract
The detection and analysis of cancer cell exosomes with high sensitivity and precision are pivotal for the early diagnosis and treatment strategies of prostate cancer. To this end, a microfluidic chip, equipped with a cactus-like array substrate (CAS) based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy [...] Read more.
The detection and analysis of cancer cell exosomes with high sensitivity and precision are pivotal for the early diagnosis and treatment strategies of prostate cancer. To this end, a microfluidic chip, equipped with a cactus-like array substrate (CAS) based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was designed and fabricated for the detection of exosome concentrations in Lymph Node Carcinoma of the Prostate (LNCaP). Double layers of polystyrene (PS) microspheres were self-assembled onto a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film to form an ordered cactus-like nanoarray for detection and analysis. By combining EpCAM aptamer-labeled SERS nanoprobes and a CD63 aptamer-labeled CAS, a ‘sandwich’ structure was formed and applied to the microfluidic chips, further enhancing the Raman scattering signal of Raman reporter molecules. The results indicate that the integrated microfluidic sensor exhibits a good linear response within the detection concentration range of 105 particles μL−1 to 1 particle μL−1. The detection limit of exosomes in cancer cells can reach 1 particle μL−1. Therefore, we believed that the CAS integrated microfluidic sensor offers a superior solution for the early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of prostate cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Biosensors in China (2nd Edition))
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16 pages, 2525 KiB  
Article
SDBS-AEO Mixture for Triton X-100 Replacement: Surface Activity and Application in Biosensors
by Zhenzhen Li, Lei Wang, Mengjie Tang, Yulong Sun, Li Zhang and Zhongxiu Chen
Biosensors 2024, 14(10), 505; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14100505 - 16 Oct 2024
Viewed by 916
Abstract
Triton X-100 (TX-100) is a commonly used surfactant in the manufacture of biosensors. The factors limiting the use of TX-100 in biosensors are environmental concerns. In this study, the binary system of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethlene ether (AEO) was [...] Read more.
Triton X-100 (TX-100) is a commonly used surfactant in the manufacture of biosensors. The factors limiting the use of TX-100 in biosensors are environmental concerns. In this study, the binary system of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethlene ether (AEO) was investigated from the physicochemical principle of surfactant interaction and its application in biosensors. The results demonstrated that a mixture of SDBS and AEO at an appropriate molar ratio had a comparable activity to TX-100 in terms of surface activity, micelle formation, dynamic adsorption, foaming, emulsifying, and cell permeability. Theory and experimentation support the idea that SDBS-AEO might take the place of TX-100 in the manufacturing of biosensors. This study contributes to the development of alternatives to TX-100 and provides a new perspective for an in-depth study of the interaction mechanism of additives in biosensor design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Biosensors in China (2nd Edition))
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14 pages, 28439 KiB  
Article
A Multi-Channel Urine Sensing Detection System Based on Creatinine, Uric Acid, and pH
by Qiya Gao, Jie Fu, Fangying Xiong, Jiawang Wang, Ziyue Qin and Shuang Li
Biosensors 2024, 14(10), 473; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14100473 - 2 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1008
Abstract
Urine analysis represents a crucial diagnostic technique employed in clinical laboratories. Creatinine and uric acid in urine are essential biomarkers in the human body and are widely utilized in clinical analysis. Research has demonstrated a correlation between the normal physiological concentrations of creatinine [...] Read more.
Urine analysis represents a crucial diagnostic technique employed in clinical laboratories. Creatinine and uric acid in urine are essential biomarkers in the human body and are widely utilized in clinical analysis. Research has demonstrated a correlation between the normal physiological concentrations of creatinine and uric acid in urine and an increased risk of hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and kidney disease. Furthermore, the pH of urine indicates the body’s metabolic processes and homeostatic balance. In this study, an integrated multi-channel electrochemical sensing system was developed, combining electrochemical analysis techniques, microelectronic design, and nanomaterials. The architecture of an intelligent medical detection system and the production of an interactive interface for smartphones were accomplished. Initially, multi-channel selective electrodes were designed for creatinine, uric acid, and pH detection. The detection range was 10 nM to 100 μM for creatinine, 100 μM to 500 μM for uric acid, and 4 to 9 for pH. Furthermore, interference experiments were also conducted to verify the specificity of the sensors. Subsequently, multi-channel double-sided sensing electrodes and function-integrated hardware were designed, with the standard equations of target analytes stored in the system’s read-only memory. Moreover, a WeChat mini-program platform was developed for smartphone interaction, enabling off-body detection and real-time display of target analytes through smartphones. Finally, the aforementioned electrochemical detection electrodes were integrated with the smart sensing system and wirelessly interfaced with smartphones, allowing for intelligent real-time detection in primary healthcare and individual household settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Biosensors in China (2nd Edition))
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11 pages, 3081 KiB  
Article
Ratiometric Electrochemical Detection of Interleukin-6 Using Electropolymerized Methylene Blue and a Multi-Walled Carbon-Nanotube-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode
by Zhuo Liu, Fengyu Liu, Chaofan Wang, Hongjuan Li, Yongqian Xu and Shiguo Sun
Biosensors 2024, 14(10), 457; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14100457 - 25 Sep 2024
Viewed by 908
Abstract
Herein, we report a ratio-based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of interleukin-6 (IL-6). We electropolymerized methylene blue (MB) on the surface of screen-printed carbon electrodes; introduced an internal reference signal probe; modified the carboxylate multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the electrode surface to increase [...] Read more.
Herein, we report a ratio-based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of interleukin-6 (IL-6). We electropolymerized methylene blue (MB) on the surface of screen-printed carbon electrodes; introduced an internal reference signal probe; modified the carboxylate multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the electrode surface to increase the electrochemically active area; and finally linked the amino-modified IL-6 aptamer to the electrode surface through the Schiff base reaction, with bovine serum albumin (BSA) added to mask non-specific adsorption. After adding IL-6 to the samples, the signal of IMB remained almost unchanged, while the signal of I[Fe(CN)6]3−/4− decreased with increasing IL-6 concentration. Thus, a novel ratiometric electrochemical sensor with a linear range of 0.001~1000.0 ng/mL and a low detection limit of 0.54 pg/mL was successfully developed. The sensor had high repeatability, stability, sensitivity, and practicability. It provides a new method for constructing proportional electrochemical sensors and detecting IL-6. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Biosensors in China (2nd Edition))
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Review

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26 pages, 4155 KiB  
Review
Enhancing Sensitivity and Selectivity: Current Trends in Electrochemical Immunosensors for Organophosphate Analysis
by Yin Shen, Shichao Zhao, Fei Chen, Yanfei Lv and Li Fu
Biosensors 2024, 14(10), 496; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14100496 - 12 Oct 2024
Viewed by 889
Abstract
This review examines recent advancements in electrochemical immunosensors for the detection of organophosphate pesticides, focusing on strategies to enhance sensitivity and selectivity. The widespread use of these pesticides has necessitated the development of rapid, accurate, and field-deployable detection methods. We discuss the fundamental [...] Read more.
This review examines recent advancements in electrochemical immunosensors for the detection of organophosphate pesticides, focusing on strategies to enhance sensitivity and selectivity. The widespread use of these pesticides has necessitated the development of rapid, accurate, and field-deployable detection methods. We discuss the fundamental principles of electrochemical immunosensors and explore innovative approaches to improve their performance. These include the utilization of nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and graphene for signal amplification; enzyme-based amplification strategies; and the design of three-dimensional electrode architectures. The integration of these sensors into microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices has enabled miniaturization and automation, while screen-printed and disposable electrodes have facilitated on-site testing. We analyze the challenges faced in real sample analysis, including matrix effects and the stability of biological recognition elements. Emerging trends such as the application of artificial intelligence for data interpretation and the development of aptamer-based sensors are highlighted. The review also considers the potential for commercialization and the hurdles that must be overcome for widespread adoption. Future research directions are identified, including the development of multi-analyte detection platforms and the integration of sensors with emerging technologies like the Internet of Things. This comprehensive overview provides insights into the current state of the field and outlines promising avenues for future development in organophosphate pesticide detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Biosensors in China (2nd Edition))
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