Advanced Research in Secondary Immunodeficiency in Oncohematological Diseases

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 1114

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and San Bartolomeo Hospital, 19038 Sarzana, Italy
Interests: immunodeficiency; autoimmunity; neuro-endocrino-immunology; pharmacogenomics; soluble molecules; immune-mediated diseases; allergies; vaccines
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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Interests: inflammatory mediators; the citokine network (interleukins, chemokines, adhesion molecules, lipoxines); the oxidative stress in various areas of clinical immunology; allergy; oncology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A diverse range of illnesses known as secondary immunodeficiencies arise when the immune system is weakened by external causes. Recurrent infection is a common symptom of secondary immunodeficiency in people with hematological malignancies. Both the innate immunological deficiencies brought on by the cancer and the side effects of cancer treatments, many of which involve B-cell-depleting effects, contribute to secondary immunodeficiency. The early assessment of immune function in at-risk patient populations and the possibility of secondary immunodeficiency development are essential for creating a timely plan to prevent recurrent infections, which can be fatal or have a major negative impact on patients' quality of life and the continuation of cancer treatment regimens. A functional evaluation of the immune response to immunization is advised for these patients in order to bolster the diagnosis of secondary immunodeficiency. There are still many unanswered questions regarding the pathophysiology of secondary immunodeficiency, including the impact of various cellular and molecular mediators on the development of secondary immunodeficiency, as well as the combination of oxidative stress and non-coding genomic material. Additionally, distinct novel treatments for lymphoproliferative neoplasms, including bcl-2 inhibitors, bispecific antibodies, conjugated antibodies, and CAR-T cells, have the capacity to cause secondary immunodeficiency. In the same vein, more research is required to determine the optimal preventive and therapeutic measures, as well as how transplant therapy affects the capacity to cause immunodeficiency.

Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Murdaca
Prof. Dr. Sebastiano Gangemi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • secondary immunodeficiencies and opportunistic infections
  • secondary immunodeficiencies and B-lymphocytes
  • secondary immunodeficiencies and hematological diseases
  • secondary immunodeficiencies and cancers
  • secondary immunodeficiencies and novel cancer treatments
  • secondary immunodeficiencies and oxidative stress

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

14 pages, 761 KiB  
Review
Secondary Neutropenias
by Alister C. Ward
Biomedicines 2025, 13(2), 497; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13020497 - 17 Feb 2025
Viewed by 640
Abstract
Neutrophils are a critical component of immunity, particularly against bacteria and other pathogens, but also in inflammation and tissue repair. As a consequence, individuals with neutropenia, defined by a reduction in absolute neutrophil counts, exhibit a strong propensity to severe infections that typically [...] Read more.
Neutrophils are a critical component of immunity, particularly against bacteria and other pathogens, but also in inflammation and tissue repair. As a consequence, individuals with neutropenia, defined by a reduction in absolute neutrophil counts, exhibit a strong propensity to severe infections that typically present with muted symptoms. Neutropenias encompass a heterogeneous set of disorders, comprising primary neutropenias, in which specific genes are mutated, and the more common secondary neutropenias, which have diverse non-genetic causes. These include hematological and other cancers, involving both direct effects of the cancer itself and indirect impacts via the chemotherapeutic, biological agents and cell-based approaches used for treatment. Other significant causes of secondary neutropenias are non-chemotherapeutic drugs, autoimmune and other immune diseases, infections and nutrient deficiencies. These collectively act by impacting neutrophil production in the bone marrow and/or destruction throughout the body. This review describes the biological and clinical manifestations of secondary neutropenias, detailing their underlying causes and management, with a discussion of alternative and emerging therapeutic approaches. Full article
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