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From Molecules to Morphology: A Focus on the Effects of...
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From Molecules to Morphology: A Focus on the Effects of Reproductive Hazards on Mammalian Reproduction

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 3839

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Maria Grazia Palmerini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Interests: reproduction; infertility; assisted reproductive technology; cryopreservation; environmental pollutants; oocyte; ovarian follicles; spermatozoa; embryos; histology; electron microscopy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Reproductive health and fertility preservation are facing the detrimental effects of increasing environmental, lifestyle or occupational exposure to reproductive hazards, such as, for example, agricultural chemicals, smoke, alcohol, drugs, food additives, contaminants from plastics, industrial waste disposal, radiation, excessive vibration or heat.

Reproductive organs are sensitive targets of pollutants, but their unique role in developing germ cells and growing embryos leads to a different vulnerability among mammals due to species-specific adaptive capacities.

This Special Issue is open to original research papers and reviews on in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro models highlighting toxicant-induced injuries to the mammalian reproductive system and related pregnancy outcomes, with a focus on the molecular, biochemical, physiological, and morphological effects exerted by chemical and physical agents on fertility.

Dr. Maria Grazia Palmerini
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • fertility
  • reproduction
  • pregnancy outcomes
  • reproductive hazards
  • environmental pollutants
  • radiation
  • mammals
  • in vivo
  • in vitro
  • morphology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 2343 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Global DNA Methylation and Gene Expression of Izumo1 and Izumo1r in Gonads after High- and Low-Dose Radiation in Neonatal Mice
by Akifumi Nakata, Keisuke Sato, Yohei Fujishima, Valerie Goh Swee Ting, Kanade Nakayama, Kentaro Ariyoshi, Chizuru Tsuruoka, Yi Shang, Daisuke Iizuka, Shizuko Kakinuma, Hideaki Yamashiro and Tomisato Miura
Biology 2021, 10(12), 1270; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10121270 - 3 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3063
Abstract
The intergenerational effects from chronic low-dose exposure are matters of concern. It is thus important to elucidate the radiation-induced effects of germ cell maturation, fertilization and embryonic development. It is well known that DNA methylation levels in CpG sites in gametes are reprogrammed [...] Read more.
The intergenerational effects from chronic low-dose exposure are matters of concern. It is thus important to elucidate the radiation-induced effects of germ cell maturation, fertilization and embryonic development. It is well known that DNA methylation levels in CpG sites in gametes are reprogrammed in stages during their maturity. Furthermore, the binding of Izumo on the surface of sperm and Juno on the surface of oocytes is essential for fertilization. Thus, there is a possibility that these genes are useful indicators to evaluate fertility in mice after irradiation exposure. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed global DNA methylation patterns in the testes and gene expression of Izumo1 and Izumo1r (Juno) in the gonads of mice after neonatal acute high-dose ionizing radiation (HDR) and chronic low-dose ionizing radiation (LDR). One-week-old male and female mice were irradiated with a total dose of 4 Gy, with acute HDR at 7 days at a dose rate of 30 Gy/h and LDR continuously at a dose rate of 6 mGy/h from 7 to 35 days. Their gonads were subsequently analyzed. The results of global DNA methylation patterns in the testes showed that methylation level increased with age in the control group, the LDR group maintained its DNA methylation level, and the HDR group showed decreased DNA methylation levels with age. In the control group, the gene expression level of Izumo1 in the testis did not show age-related changes, although there was high expression at 100 days of age. However, in the LDR group, the expression level recovered after the end of irradiation, while it remained low regardless of age in the HDR group. Conversely, gene expression of Izumo1r (Izumo1 receptor) in the ovary decreased with age in the control group. Although the gene expression of Izumo1r decreased with age in the LDR group, it remained low in the HDR group. Our results indicate that LDR can induce different DNA methylation patterns, and both high- and low-dose radiation before sexual maturity might affect gametogenesis and fertility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue From Molecules to Morphology: A Focus on the Effects of Reproductive Hazards on Mammalian Reproduction)
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