Recent Advances in Quantum Simulations with Ultra-Cold Gases
A special issue of Atoms (ISSN 2218-2004).
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2018) | Viewed by 461
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Many-body physics has been widely investigated in quantum simulations with ultracold atoms since the realization of Bose-Einstein condensation in 1995 and Fermi degeneracy in 1999 with laser cooling and evaporative cooling techniques from the 1980–1990s. The highly tunable and clean system of quantum gases provide an ideal test-bed for several many-body models, which are important for condensed matter physics and provide inspiration for new research. For instance, ultracold Fermi gases in BEC-BCS crossover regime is mathematically identical to the system constructed by Leggett and by Nozieres and Schmitt-Rink for the theory of high-Tc superconductors. The application of periodic potential to quantum gases through optical lattice and the observation of the quantum phase transition from superfluid to Mott insulator further opened up a new era for quantum simulations of some crucial models, such as the Hubbard model, Heisenberg model and Haldane model. The development of cutting-edge experimental techniques like quantum gas microscopes and artificial gauge fields allow scientists to observe and address the atomic gases to unprecedented level and make it possible to access topological matter state with cold atoms. Recent progress regarding the creation of the supersolid phase and the Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov state provide signatures of exotic superfluid phases, which are becoming a focus of active research in the community. The longer range and anisotropic interaction rather than the standard short-range contact interaction also gives rise to the formation of exotic phases of quantum matter, such as polar molecules and quantum droplets. The dynamical control of cold atoms is now helping physicists to understand non-equilibrium many-body quantum systems, which are extremely challenging to simulate in theory. Moreover, ferromagnetism, unconventional pairing and many-body disorder are still topics of ongoing fruitful research in quantum simulations.
The community has been focusing on the quantum simulations of various systems with cold atoms in the last 15 years. We believe that the purpose of quantum simulations with ultracold atoms is not only limited to demonstrating interesting and well-known models in many-body physics, but also to create exotic phases of matter and explore new regimes beyond the conventional condensed matter world. This Special Issue of Atoms will highlight the need for continuing research in quantum simulations of many-body physics with cold atoms. In particular, we hope the authors could give new insights into the challenges in quantum simulations with their own systems and the possibilities to new physics.
Dr. Kuiyi GaoGuest Editor
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Keywords
- ultracold atoms
- quantum simulation
- Bose-Einstein condensate
- degenerate Fermi gas
- optical lattice
- exotic phases of matter
- many-body physics
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