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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Field Measurement for Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality
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Field Measurement for Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Biometeorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 August 2021) | Viewed by 16081

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Giorgio Ficco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering (DICeM), Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy
Interests: thermal and mechanical measurements; legal metrology; flow measurements; building energy performance; energy metering and accounting; environmental pollution measurements; transmission and distribution energy networks
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Boris Igor Palella

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
Interests: ergonomics of the physical environment; thermal environment assessment; thermal comfort; hot environments; cold environments; microclimatic monitoring; industrial hygiene; indoor environmental quality (IEQ); indoor air quality (IAQ); cultural heritage preservation; standardization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Indoor environments should be livable, comfortable, safe, and productive, with low energy costs, and their design should be compliant with sustainability requirements. These are the reasons why, due to their strong impact on energy consumption in buildings, thermal comfort and indoor air quality (IAQ) are increasingly crucial issues in modern offices, workplaces, and domestic houses.

With this in mind, the spreading of IoT tools and platforms is making available the use of huge amounts of data useful for the control and monitoring of thermal comfort and IAQ indices, and of the related energy consumptions. On the other hand, the accuracy and reliability of thermal comfort and air quality measurement campaigns are still open issues within the scientific community, since instrumental aspects, operator competence, and data acquisition, as well as quality assurance of the results are involved.

To achieve a complete and reliable characterization of thermal comfort and IAQ levels in built environments and related energy needs, several challenging issues must be faced with regard to properly designing measurements campaigns (not only from technical and operational perspectives, but also by managing psychological and physiological issues) and effectively elaborating huge amounts of field data.

This Special Issue invites scholars to contribute original research and review articles on innovative designs, methodologies, sensors, and systems that can enhance the reliability and accuracy of indoor/outdoor thermal comfort and air quality measurement, as well as papers on data gathering and the elaboration and presentation of results.

Potential research topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • Systems and instruments for indoor thermal comfort measurements;
  • Systems and instruments for outdoor thermal comfort and urban microclimate;
  • Systems and instruments for indoor air quality measurements;
  • Design of experiments for thermal comfort and indoor air quality measurements;
  • Innovative sensors for thermal comfort and indoor air quality measurements;
  • Conformity assessment for indoor/outdoor thermal comfort and indoor air quality;
  • Accuracy and reliability of thermal comfort and indoor air quality measurements;
  • Calibration features for indoor/outdoor thermal comfort and indoor air quality measuring systems;
  • Uncertainty estimation of indoor/outdoor thermal comfort and indoor air quality measurements.

Prof. Dr. Boris Igor Palella
Prof. Dr. Giorgio Ficco
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • indoor thermal comfort
  • indoor environmental quality (IEQ)
  • sustainability
  • energy efficiency
  • design/system optimization
  • measurement equipment
  • measurement process
  • measurement uncertainty
  • data elaboration and processing
  • calibration systems

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2136 KiB  
Article
Exposure to Particles and Gases in a Shopping Mall: Spatial Heterogeneity and Outdoor Infiltration
by Alison Tan-Yui Li, Wen-Wei Che, Yu-Shan Song, Jimmy Chun-Kung Tong and Alexis Kai-Hon Lau
Atmosphere 2021, 12(10), 1313; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12101313 - 08 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2152
Abstract
Shopping malls in Hong Kong are usually located near major roads. Indoor air quality (IAQ) in these buildings is subject to infiltration of outdoor traffic-related pollutants, such as PM10, PM2.5, CO, and NO2. Furthermore, the existence of indoor sources and building [...] Read more.
Shopping malls in Hong Kong are usually located near major roads. Indoor air quality (IAQ) in these buildings is subject to infiltration of outdoor traffic-related pollutants, such as PM10, PM2.5, CO, and NO2. Furthermore, the existence of indoor sources and building geometry added to the complexity of variations in IAQ. To understand outdoor infiltration and spatial heterogeneity of these pollutants, we conducted fixed and cruise indoor sampling, together with simultaneous outdoor measurements, in a typical mall in Hong Kong. The cruise sampling was conducted indoors on a predesigned route and repeated 15 times. Outdoor infiltration was quantified based on regression analysis between indoor and outdoor sampling. Results showed that 75% of PM2.5, 53% of PM10, and 59% of NO2 were infiltrated into the mall during opening hours. Elevated PM2.5 and CO were observed during the dinner period, suggesting an impact from cooking. Substantial spatial variations were observed for PM10, PM2.5, and NO2, particularly at locations near entrances and restaurants. Measures are needed to reduce pollution intrusion from building openings and cooking-related sources to improve air quality in the selected mall. Fixed and cruise sampling methods used in this study provide insights on sensor deployment for future air quality monitoring in buildings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Field Measurement for Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality)
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26 pages, 3312 KiB  
Article
An Integrated Methodology of Subjective Investigation for a Sustainable Indoor Built Environment. The Case Study of a University Campus in Italy
by Erminia Attaianese, Francesca Romana d'Ambrosio Alfano, Boris Igor Palella, Daniela Pepe and Roberto Vanacore
Atmosphere 2021, 12(10), 1272; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12101272 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2237
Abstract
Indoor built environments’ design and management require a holistic approach inspired by ergonomic principles and sustainability criteria. This is especially in case of renovation of existing buildings where any kind of intervention requires the direct feedback of occupants. This work deals with two [...] Read more.
Indoor built environments’ design and management require a holistic approach inspired by ergonomic principles and sustainability criteria. This is especially in case of renovation of existing buildings where any kind of intervention requires the direct feedback of occupants. This work deals with two aspects of these issues, often studied separately: the quality of interior spaces, in terms of Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), and the quality of the architecture in terms of orientation and wayfinding. A methodology focused on the subjective evaluation of the IEQ giving relevance to users and their fruition needs is also proposed. Main findings from a specific subjective investigation carried out at the Fisciano Campus of the University of Salerno (Italy) demonstrate that the subjective approach is a valuable tool to make more sustainable intervention strategies. In this way, all multidisciplinary skills can be synergically involved in improving the livability of a complex reality as University Campuses are. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Field Measurement for Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality)
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17 pages, 1870 KiB  
Article
Mean Radiant Temperature Measurements through Small Black Globes under Forced Convection Conditions
by Francesca Romana d’Ambrosio Alfano, Giorgio Ficco, Andrea Frattolillo, Boris Igor Palella and Giuseppe Riccio
Atmosphere 2021, 12(5), 621; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12050621 - 12 May 2021
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 3893
Abstract
One of the most critical variables in the field of thermal comfort measurements is the mean radiant temperature which is typically measured with a standard 150 mm black globe thermometer. This is also the reference instrument required for the assessment of heat stress [...] Read more.
One of the most critical variables in the field of thermal comfort measurements is the mean radiant temperature which is typically measured with a standard 150 mm black globe thermometer. This is also the reference instrument required for the assessment of heat stress conditions by means of the well-known Wet Bulb Globe Temperature index (WBGT). However, one of the limitations of this method is represented by the relatively long response time. This is why in recent years there has been a more and more pressing need of smart sensors for controlling Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems, and for pocket heat stress meters (e.g., WBGT meters provided with table tennis balls). Although it is widely agreed that there is a clear advantage of small probes in terms of response times, their accuracy is a still a debated matter and no systematic studies aimed at metrologically characterizing their performances are actually available, due to the difficulty of reproducing measuring conditions such as a black enclosure at uniform temperature. In this paper the results of a metrological analysis of two small globes (38 and 50 mm diameter) carried out by means of an experimental apparatus specifically designed to reproduce a black uniform enclosure are presented and discussed. Experimental results revealed a systematic underestimation of the mean radiant temperature predicted by small globes of more than 10 °C in forced convection and at high radiative loads. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Field Measurement for Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality)
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Review

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43 pages, 1694 KiB  
Review
A Review of Field Measurement Studies on Thermal Comfort, Indoor Air Quality and Virus Risk
by Christina Kakoulli, Alexis Kyriacou and Michalis P. Michaelides
Atmosphere 2022, 13(2), 191; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020191 - 25 Jan 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 6678
Abstract
People spend up to 90% of their time indoors where they continuously interact with the indoor environment. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), and in particular thermal comfort, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), and acoustic and visual comfort, have proven to be significant factors that influence [...] Read more.
People spend up to 90% of their time indoors where they continuously interact with the indoor environment. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), and in particular thermal comfort, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), and acoustic and visual comfort, have proven to be significant factors that influence the occupants’ health, comfort, productivity and general well-being. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has also highlighted the need for real-life experimental data acquired through field measurement studies to help us understand and potentially control the impact of IEQ on the occupants’ health. In this context, there was a significant increase over the past two decades of field measurement studies conducted all over the world that analyse the IEQ in various indoor environments. In this study, an overview of the most important factors that influence the IAQ, thermal comfort, and the risk of virus transmission is first presented, followed by a comprehensive review of selected field measurement studies from the last 20 years. The main objective is to provide a broad overview of the current status of field measurement studies, to identify key characteristics, common outcomes, correlations, insights, as well as gaps, and to serve as the starting point for conducting future field measurement studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Field Measurement for Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality)
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