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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Assessing Hydrological and Environmental Impacts of Climate Change
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Assessing Hydrological and Environmental Impacts of Climate Change

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2022) | Viewed by 14128

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiong Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. China-Canada Center for Energy, Environment and Ecology Research, UofR-BNU, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
2. Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
Interests: regional climate modeling; hydrological simulation; water resources management; climate-change impact assessment; environmental systems modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xander Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI C1A 4P3, Canada
Interests: regional climate modeling; climate downscaling; hydrological modeling and flooding risk analysis; energy systems modeling under climate change; climate change impact assessment and adaptation studies; GIS; spatial modeling and analysis; big data analysis and visualization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Global warming has significant impacts on atmospheric conditions and hydrological cycles, as evidenced by the increased frequency and intensity of extreme events and disasters. Such impacts pose tremendous risks for the agricultural, economic and environmental sectors. This initiates a comprehensive impact assessment of climate change to support adaptation and mitigation of severe consequences. Climate and hydrological modeling are required to explore the effects of climate changes on spatiotemporal patterns of climatological and hydrological regimes. It can scientifically advance our understanding of how a changing climate will affect the intertwined climate system and water cycle. The research advances are expected to provide scientific bases for initiatives, policies, strategies on adaptation and mitigation of climate change at global, regional, and local scales within multiple sectors.

For this Special Issue, we seek the state-of-the-art research advances in the development of climate and hydrological projections based on global climate models (GCMs), regional climate models (RCMs), statistical downscaling methods, and hydrological models; assessment of climate change impacts on atmospheric regimes and the water cycle, as well as their socioeconomic and environmental implications on multiple sectors; adaptation planning and mitigation strategies for addressing the tremendous risks as posed by climate change.

The research topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Climate change modeling
  • Regional climate modeling
  • Climate variability
  • Climate-related risks and extreme events
  • Climate change impact assessment
  • Hydrological and flood simulation
  • Hydrological extremes
  • Water resources management

We are looking forward to receiving manuscripts in consideration of all of the above.

Dr. Xiong Zhou
Dr. Xander Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change modeling
  • regional climate modeling
  • climate variability
  • climate-related risks and extreme events
  • climate change impact assessment
  • hydrological and flood simulation
  • hydrological extremes
  • water resources management

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 6833 KiB  
Article
Early 21st Century Trends of Temperature Extremes over the Northwest Himalayas
by Akif Rahim, Xiuquan Wang, Neelam Javed, Farhan Aziz, Amina Jahangir and Tahira Khurshid
Atmosphere 2023, 14(3), 454; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030454 - 24 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1473
Abstract
The rising intensity and frequency of extreme temperature events are caused due to climate change and are likely to affect the entire world. In this context, the Himalayas are reported to be very sensitive to changes in temperature extremes. In this study, we [...] Read more.
The rising intensity and frequency of extreme temperature events are caused due to climate change and are likely to affect the entire world. In this context, the Himalayas are reported to be very sensitive to changes in temperature extremes. In this study, we investigate the variability of temperature extremes over the Northwest Himalayas in the early 21st century (2000–2018). Here, we used 14 temperature indices recommended by ETCCDI (Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices). The present study reveals the trends of extreme temperature indices on the spatial scale for the western part of the Northwest Himalayas. The 14 temperature indices were used to assess the behavior of extreme temperature trends with their significance. This study reports that the northwestern region of the study area has a cooling effect due to an increase in the trends of cold spells, cold days/nights, and frost days, while the southwestern region significantly shows the warming effects due to the increasing trends in warm spells, warm days/nights, and summer days. On the other hand, the eastern region of the study area shows mixed behavior, i.e., some places show warm effects while some reveal cold effects in the early 21st century. Overall, this study implies the northwestern parts have cooling trends while the southwestern and southeastern parts have warming trends during the early 21st century. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessing Hydrological and Environmental Impacts of Climate Change)
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32 pages, 8433 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Surface Water Resource Availability under the Impact of Climate Change in the Dhidhessa Sub-Basin, Ethiopia
by Damtew Degefe Merga, Dereje Adeba, Motuma Shiferaw Regasa and Megersa Kebede Leta
Atmosphere 2022, 13(8), 1296; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13081296 - 15 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2255
Abstract
Climate change, with its reaching implications, has become a popular topic in recent years. Among the many aspects of climate change, one of the most pressing concerns has been identified as the impact on the terrestrial water cycle, which has a direct impact [...] Read more.
Climate change, with its reaching implications, has become a popular topic in recent years. Among the many aspects of climate change, one of the most pressing concerns has been identified as the impact on the terrestrial water cycle, which has a direct impact on human settlement and ecosystems. The paper begins by reviewing previous studies, and then identifies their flaws and future research directions. The effects of climate change on surface water resources in the Dhidhessa Sub-basin, Abbay Basin, Ethiopia, were studied as practices. For future potential climate change, the results of global climate models (GCMs) and high-resolution regional climate models (RCMs) from multiple climate models were combined with data from Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) prepared by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change from the CCAFS Data Distribution Center web page. To evaluate the impacts on water resources, various distributed hydrologic models based on local underlying surfaces were developed. The future potential climate change of the Dhidhessa Sub-basin Province was evaluated by integrating RCP outputs, whereas the climate change of the Dhidhessa River was directly derived from the results of different RCP. Dhidhessa stream flow will decrease in the future compared to the baseline era. The predictions of future discharge (stream flow) were based on climate scenarios data from 1991 to 2020 and for the future with two time windows, 2044 (2030–2059) and 2084 (2070–2099), on a monthly time-step after bias correction to both precipitation and temperature in the future climate described in the under each RCP. According to model results, the quantity of surface water resources in the Dhidhessa river region will decrease over the next 100 years, the percent decrease in mean annual stream flow by 10%, in 2044, and 6.3% in 2084, respectively, making the impact of temperature increase on runoff greater than that of precipitation. The distribution of runoff would be more even across years but more uneven across years in the long-term window, implying a higher possibility of drought and flooding. In general, this study discovered that any effect on this river that results in a decrease in flow will have a direct impact on the area’s ongoing water resource development and socioeconomic development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessing Hydrological and Environmental Impacts of Climate Change)
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15 pages, 2724 KiB  
Article
Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Western Route Areas of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project
by Zhongrui Ning, Jianyun Zhang, Shanshui Yuan and Guoqing Wang
Atmosphere 2022, 13(5), 799; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050799 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1905
Abstract
The South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) is a national strategic project for water shortages in northern China. Climate change will affect the availability of water resources in both source and receiving areas. A grid-based RCCC-WBM model based on climate projections from nine Global [...] Read more.
The South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) is a national strategic project for water shortages in northern China. Climate change will affect the availability of water resources in both source and receiving areas. A grid-based RCCC-WBM model based on climate projections from nine Global Climate Models under SSP2-4.5 was used for analyzing the changes in temperature, precipitation, and streamflow in the near future (2025–2045, NF) and far future (2040–2060, FF) relative to the baseline (1956–2000). The results showed that: (1) the temperature of the western route will increase significantly in the NF and FF with an extent of 1.6 °C and 2.0 °C, respectively, (2) precipitation will very likely increase even though Global Climate Model (GCM) projections are quite dispersed and uncertain, and (3) over half of the GCMs projected that streamflow of receiving area will slightly increase with a rate of 1.68% [−8.67%, 12.3%] and 2.78% [−3.30%, 11.0%] in the NF and FF, respectively. Climate change will support the planning of the western route to a certain extent. However, water supply risk induced by the extreme situation of climate change should be paid adequate consideration when the project operates in practice due to the large dispersion and uncertainty of GCM projections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessing Hydrological and Environmental Impacts of Climate Change)
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13 pages, 1656 KiB  
Article
Construction and Application of Hydrometeorological Comprehensive Drought Index in Weihe River
by Jingjing Fan, Fanfan Xu, Xue Sun, Wei Dong, Xuejiao Ma, Guanpeng Liu, Yao Cheng and Hao Wang
Atmosphere 2022, 13(4), 610; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040610 - 10 Apr 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2391
Abstract
In response to the national strategy of ecological protection in the Yellow River Basin, a more comprehensive assessment of the basin drought is made. Based on the meteorological data of 20 meteorological stations and the hydrological data of 5 hydrological stations in Weihe [...] Read more.
In response to the national strategy of ecological protection in the Yellow River Basin, a more comprehensive assessment of the basin drought is made. Based on the meteorological data of 20 meteorological stations and the hydrological data of 5 hydrological stations in Weihe River from 1960 to 2010, the base flow data are obtained by digital filtering method. A new comprehensive drought index (CPBI) about base flow and precipitation is constructed based on Copula function, and the applicability of CPBI is discussed, the drought characteristics of Weihe River Basin are analyzed by using this index. The results show that CPBI can capture both meteorological and hydrological drought events and comprehensively characterize their drought characteristics; CPBI has a downward trend at all scales, and the drought situation is becoming more and more serious. After the identification of run length theory, CPBI can more accurately reflect the severe drought situation of five hydrological stations in Weihe River, and can better provide drought early warning. There is variation in CPBI. The variation on the annual scale is generally concentrated in the 1970s and 1990s, and there is a large gap in the variation on the seasonal scale. CPBI is an effective drought monitoring index in Weihe River, which can provide reference for drought early warning and response of Weihe River. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessing Hydrological and Environmental Impacts of Climate Change)
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19 pages, 91372 KiB  
Article
Long Term Observation of Fractional Vegetation Cover in Qingyang of Gansu Province and Its Response to Climate Change
by Jing Li, Jianyun Zhang, Xiaojun Wang and Guoqing Wang
Atmosphere 2022, 13(2), 288; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020288 - 8 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1459
Abstract
Vegetation is seen as a sensitive indicator of global change because of its crucial role in connecting the atmosphere, soil, and water. Fractional vegetation cover (FVC), in turn, is an important indicator of vegetation status. Qingyang is a typically ecologically sensitive region, with [...] Read more.
Vegetation is seen as a sensitive indicator of global change because of its crucial role in connecting the atmosphere, soil, and water. Fractional vegetation cover (FVC), in turn, is an important indicator of vegetation status. Qingyang is a typically ecologically sensitive region, with a range of changes in vegetation in the last decade as a result of climatic and non-climatic factors. However, the exact impact of climate change and human activities remains unclear. Satellite observations can help to clarify that impact, allowing us to assess trends in vegetation change in the last two decades (2000–2019). In this study, daily and composite time series vegetation variations were derived from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and the impact of climate and human activity factors was examined for different administrative districts. By deploying multiple regression models, the research revealed that human activity has contributed 46% to the FVC variation, while the remaining 54% was led by climate factors. In areas where FVC was increasing, human activity contributed 55.89% while climate factors contributed 44.11%. In areas where FVC was decreasing, human activity and climate factors contributed 24.58% and 75.42%, respectively. The study also looks at the impacts of El Nino/IOD events in FVC dynamics in the study site. The FVC inversion result from MODIS proved capable of capturing long-term and seasonal vegetation patterns and thus provide a valuable archive for decadal-scale vegetation dynamics in the study area. Moreover, the improvement in FVC was a dual effect of climatic and human activities, while the latter owns a higher contribution especially for the implementation of ecological construction projects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessing Hydrological and Environmental Impacts of Climate Change)
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13 pages, 4777 KiB  
Article
Adjustment of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for the Evaluation of Drought in the Arroyo Pechelín Basin, Colombia, under Zero Monthly Precipitation Conditions
by Luis José Cerpa Reyes, Humberto Ávila Rangel and Luis Carlos Sandoval Herazo
Atmosphere 2022, 13(2), 236; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020236 - 30 Jan 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3593
Abstract
The evaluation of the meteorological drought is fundamental for the management of the water resource. One of the most used indices to evaluate the drought is the standardized precipitation index (SPI) due to its practicality and evaluation in a variety of time scales, [...] Read more.
The evaluation of the meteorological drought is fundamental for the management of the water resource. One of the most used indices to evaluate the drought is the standardized precipitation index (SPI) due to its practicality and evaluation in a variety of time scales, however, this uses precipitation as the only variable, depending on the deviations in the precipitation values. This is important when evaluating the SPI, because in some ecosystems close to the equatorial zone, there are very warm periods with low rainfall, in which a large proportion of the data collected by the meteorological stations corresponds to zero. In this research, the SPI was calculated in the Pechelín basin located in Colombia, in which there is zero precipitation in a large proportion of the data, registering zero precipitation in the month of January and February in 67% and 70% respectively. As a result, the SPI values increased to “wet” ranges, only when the amount of data with zero precipitation exceeded half of the total data; this means that the SPI determines wrong values when it is calculated with zero-precipitation data in large proportions. Based on this finding, this study aims to modify the index by typing the distribution (using a correction factor K), finally correcting the SPI values, this correction was called SPI-C. The results indicate that the SPI-C improved the identification of drought, obtaining corresponding values that better represent the high frequency of zero precipitation existing in the study area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessing Hydrological and Environmental Impacts of Climate Change)
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