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Atmosphere
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Aerosol Pollution in Central Europe
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Aerosol Pollution in Central Europe

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2023) | Viewed by 8154

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Michał Posyniak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Ksiecia Janusza 64, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: air pollution monitoring methods; remote sensing; black carbon; aerosol optical properties; lidars; solar radiation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aerosol particles play a significant role both in the climate system and in air quality. Depending on the physical and chemical properties and reflectance of the Earth’s surface, aerosol particles may have a warming or cooling effect on the climate. On the regional scale, the aerosol–climate effect may be completely different from the global one. Aerosol particles may also significantly affect the air quality due to high emissions, and specific weather and topographic conditions. In addition, the regional influence of aerosols on climate and weather tends to be stronger than the global average impact due to their relatively short atmospheric lifetimes and inhomogeneity in sources, transport and deposition.

This Special Issue will be devoted to aerosol pollution in Central Europe. In this region, particularly during the autumn–winter season, emissions from residential heating and transport are the main sources of aerosol pollution. Nowadays, we observe that smog forms as a result of high concentrations of particulate matter. Although in recent years a slow reduction in the level of air pollution has been observed, the air quality in many regions remains poor.

Original research papers dealing with subjects such as ambient air quality, aerosol pollutant emissions, aerosol pollution modelling, and measurements are welcome.

Dr. Michał Posyniak
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ambient air quality
  • particulate matter air pollution
  • aerosol pollution emissions
  • aerosol pollution modelling
  • aerosol pollution measurements
  • air quality
  • air quality impact on health
  • modern measurement techniques

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 9651 KiB  
Article
Determination of Hygroscopic Aerosol Growth Based on the OPC-N3 Counter
by Katarzyna Nurowska and Krzysztof M. Markowicz
Atmosphere 2024, 15(1), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010061 - 31 Dec 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1994
Abstract
We present the first estimations of single hygroscopic parameter κ for Polish urban area. The results were obtained using an inexpensive OPC-N3 optical particulate matter counter and the ASC 1000 Acoem Aerosol Conditioning System. Our studies were carried out during the winter and [...] Read more.
We present the first estimations of single hygroscopic parameter κ for Polish urban area. The results were obtained using an inexpensive OPC-N3 optical particulate matter counter and the ASC 1000 Acoem Aerosol Conditioning System. Our studies were carried out during the winter and spring seasons, between 2020 and 2022 in Warsaw, Poland. We study the difference of κ between these two seasons, as the aerosol has different origins. The mean value of the hygroscopicity parameter for spring (April–June) was 0.13±0.13 and for winter (December-March) it was 0.04±0.04 (obtained using PM1). The mean value of the growth factor for spring (April–June) was 1.52±0.23 and for winter (December–March) it was 1.16±0.13 (obtained using PM1). The values for winter period suggest that during the cold season the aerosol mixture in the atmosphere is dominated by non-hygroscopic particles. However events of higher κ > 0.5 where occurring (mostly for big aerosol particles 1–10 μm in size), when the air mass was coming from North Atlantic carrying sea salt particles. Furthermore, based on κ we propose a method to remove the dependence of PM values on relative humidity on the OPC-N3 optical particulate counter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aerosol Pollution in Central Europe)
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21 pages, 3790 KiB  
Article
Comparison of 24 h Surface Ozone Forecast for Poland: CAMS Models vs. Simple Statistical Models with Limited Number of Input Parameters
by Izabela Pawlak, Alnilam Fernandes, Janusz Jarosławski, Krzysztof Klejnowski and Aleksander Pietruczuk
Atmosphere 2023, 14(4), 670; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14040670 - 31 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1587
Abstract
Surface ozone is usually measured in national networks, including the monitoring of gaseous components important for determining air quality and the short-term forecast of surface ozone. Here we consider the option of forecasting surface ozone based on measurements of only surface ozone and [...] Read more.
Surface ozone is usually measured in national networks, including the monitoring of gaseous components important for determining air quality and the short-term forecast of surface ozone. Here we consider the option of forecasting surface ozone based on measurements of only surface ozone and several weather parameters. This low-cost configuration can increase the number of locations that provide short-term surface ozone forecast important to local communities. 24 h prediction of the 1-h averaged concentration of surface ozone were presented for rural (Belsk, 20.79° E, 51.84° N) and suburban site (Racibórz, 18.19° E, 50.08° N) in Poland for the period 2018–2021 via simple statistical models dealing with a limited number of predictors. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) models were examined separately for each season of the year using temperature, relative humidity, an hour of the day, and 1-day lagged surface ozone values. The performance of ANN (with R2 = 0.81 in Racibórz versus R2 = 0.75 at Belsk) was slightly better than the MLR model (with R2 = 0.78 in Racibórz versus R2 = 0.71 at Belsk). These statistical models were compared with advanced chemical–transport models provided by the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service. Despite the simplicity of the statistical models, they showed better performance in all seasons, with the exception of winter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aerosol Pollution in Central Europe)
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10 pages, 3167 KiB  
Article
Association between PM2.5 Exposure and Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospital Admissions Using Spatial GIS Analysis
by Hana Tomášková, Hana Šlachtová, Andrea Dalecká, Pavla Polaufová, Jiří Michalík, Ivan Tomášek and Anna Šplíchalová
Atmosphere 2022, 13(11), 1797; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111797 - 30 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1808
Abstract
Particulate Matter (PM) air pollution is a serious concern in the northern Moravia region of the Czech Republic. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the risk of acute hospital admissions for cardiovascular (CVD) and respiratory diseases and PM2.5 concentrations using [...] Read more.
Particulate Matter (PM) air pollution is a serious concern in the northern Moravia region of the Czech Republic. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the risk of acute hospital admissions for cardiovascular (CVD) and respiratory diseases and PM2.5 concentrations using a geographic information system (GIS). The data on acute hospital admissions for cardiovascular (I00-99 according to ICD-10) and respiratory (J00-99) diseases was assigned to 77 geographical units (population of 601,299) based on the residence. The annual concentrations of PM2.5 in the period from 2013–2019 were assigned to these units according to the respective concentration iso-shapes. The Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for each concentration category and then compared with the reference category. Statistical analyses were performed using SW STATA v.15. In 2013, approx. half of the population (56%) belonged to the PM2.5 category 34–35 µg·m−3, and 4% lived in PM2.5 concentrations ≥ 38 µg·m−3. During the analysed period, the average concentrations decreased from 30.8 to 21.4 µg·m−3. A statistically significant risk of acute hospitalization for CVD causes was identified in categories ≥ 36 µg·m−3, and for respiratory causes from 34–35 µg·m−3. With increasing concentrations, the risk of both acute cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalizations increased. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aerosol Pollution in Central Europe)
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16 pages, 2401 KiB  
Article
Towards a Multi-Instrumental Approach to Closing Aerosol Optical Extinction Profiles
by Artur Szkop, Alnilam Fernandes and Aleksander Pietruczuk
Atmosphere 2022, 13(9), 1443; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091443 - 6 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1966
Abstract
A novel methodology is formulated and investigated on test cases for the reconstruction of complete vertical aerosol extinction profiles in which a synergy of remote, in-situ, and airborne measurements is utilized. The GRASP Open aerosol retrieval algorithm is supplied with remote LIDAR and [...] Read more.
A novel methodology is formulated and investigated on test cases for the reconstruction of complete vertical aerosol extinction profiles in which a synergy of remote, in-situ, and airborne measurements is utilized. The GRASP Open aerosol retrieval algorithm is supplied with remote LIDAR and sunphotometer data to obtain aerosol extinction profiles within the LIDAR’s operation range for coarse and fine aerosol modes separately. These are supplemented with ground-based in-situ measurements of particle size distribution that are translated to coarse and fine aerosol extinction coefficients with the use of Mie theory. UAV-based observations with optical particle counters are included to add information on vertical aerosol variability in the near-surface region. The profiles are closed with an analytical interpolation that is fine-tuned to produce continuous and smooth extinction profiles throughout the whole troposphere that are in agreement with columnar aerosol optical depth measurements. We present the possibility of reconstructing a complete and calibrated aerosol extinction profile, based on the case studies at a Central European background station. We include data-denial experiments to show that the inclusion of UAV-based measurements improves such reconstructions by providing crucial information on aerosol profiles near the ground. The proposed methodology can prove to be a potent tool for studies of aerosol concentration and evolution, especially when the majority of the pollution resides near the surface. Such conditions are prevalent in many highly industrialized regions, including central and southern Poland. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aerosol Pollution in Central Europe)
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