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Special Issue "Recent Advances in Mobile Source Emissions"

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A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 April 2023 | Viewed by 3075

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mingliang Fu

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Guest Editor

Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Interests: vehicle emission test; emission factors measurement; emission inventory; after-treatment device performance evaluation; emission model development

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the rapid growth of the economy, the number of mobile sources is also rapidly increasing. It is well-known that mobile sources emit a large amount of VOC, NOx and PM, which are major precursors to ozone and secondary organic aerosols (SOA). Therefore, mobile source emissions, especially vehicle emissions, are an important contributor to urban atmospheric pollution. Therefore, how to effectively monitor and control mobile source emission remains a serious challenge.

In recent decades, various emission measurement technologies have been applied to mobile sources, helping us to better understand these emissions in real-world scenarios. In the meantime, more detailed information about mobile source activity can be obtained by various monitoring approaches. Developing a mobile source emission inventory with a high spatial-temporal resolution has become a popular research topic.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide recent advances in the factors and inventory of on-road and off-road mobile source emissions. The scope covers emission factors from different measurement technologies, the activity approach of mobile sources, emission inventory development method and policy and recommendations.

Topics of interest for this Special Issue include but are not limited to:

(1) Regulated and unregulated pollutants tests;

(2) Measurement and control technologies;

(3) Exhaust emission and non-exhaust emission;

(4) Emission model;

(5) Emission inventory development;

(6) Environmental effect;

(7) Management policy and recommendation.

Dr. Mingliang Fu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

mobile source
emission factor
emission characteristics
emission inventory
measurement technology
policy and recommendation

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

URANS Simulations of Vehicle Exhaust Plumes with Insight on Remote Emission Sensing

Justin Plogmann

Christian Stauffer

Panayotis Dimopoulos Eggenschwiler

and

Patrick Jenny

Atmosphere 2023, 14(3), 558; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030558 - 15 Mar 2023

Viewed by 276

Abstract

Remote Emission Sensing (RES) is a measurement method based on absorption spectroscopy for the determination of pollutant concentrations. The absorption of the exhaust plume of a vehicle is measured from the roadside without intervention by means of a light/laser barrier during a short [...] Read more.

_{x}

to CO

_{2}

) are estimated. Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulations of exhaust plumes in vehicle wakes are performed using the k-

ω

SST turbulence model with focus on pollutant dispersion. The simulation setup has been validated by a comparison with experimentally obtained drag coefficients. The resulting concentration fields represent the pollutants available for measurements by a RES device. The influence of the characteristics of the RES device on the measurement is assessed. In addition, investigations involve several environmental and vehicle related parameters. The results demonstrate that due to strong turbulence, mixing is enhanced and the exhaust plumes rapidly disperse in the near vehicle wakes. Results show that emission characteristics of a vehicle are contained downstream for approximately half the vehicle length, regardless of different vehicle configurations, driving and ambient parameters. Further downstream dispersion of pollutants results in concentrations that are less than

1 / 100

of the pollutant concentration in the vehicle’s exhaust tailpipe implying that RES devices have to measure at a high sampling frequency. Therefore, reliable determination of the concentration ratios of pollutant at high vehicle velocities requires the RES device to operate in the order of 1000 Hz sampling frequency. Ultimately, the numerical simulations not only help to understand exhaust plume dispersion, but provide a very useful tool to minimize RES uncertainties. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Mobile Source Emissions)

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Open AccessArticle

The Characteristics of Light-Duty Passenger Vehicle Mileage and Impact Analysis in China from a Big Data Perspective

and

Atmosphere 2022, 13(12), 1984; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13121984 - 27 Nov 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 520

Abstract

Vehicle mileage is one of the key parameters for accurately evaluating vehicle emissions and energy consumption. With the support of the national annual vehicle emission inspection networked platform in China, this study used big data methods to analyze the activity level characteristics of the light-duty passenger vehicle fleet with the highest ownership proportion. We found that the annual mileage of vehicles does not decay significantly with the increase in vehicle age, and the mileage of vehicles is relatively low in the first few years due to the run-in period, among other reasons. This study indicated that the average mileage of the private passenger car fleet is 10,300 km/yr and that of the taxi fleet was 80,000 km/yr in China in 2019, and the annual mileage dropped by 22% in 2020 due to the pandemic. Based on the vehicle mileage characteristics, the emission inventory of major pollutants from light-duty passenger vehicles in China for 2010–2020 was able to be updated, which will provide important data support for more accurate environmental and climate benefit assessments in the future. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Mobile Source Emissions)

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Open AccessArticle

Application of Remote Sensing Methodology for Vehicle Emission Inspection

and

Atmosphere 2022, 13(11), 1862; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111862 - 09 Nov 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 661

Abstract

Remote sensing detection of vehicle emissions is an effective supplement to the statutory periodic inspection of in-use vehicle emissions and it is a convenient technical method for real-time screening of high-emission vehicles. The principle of remote sensing detection is to inversely calculate the absolute concentrations of gaseous pollutants in vehicle exhaust according to the relative volume concentration ratio of each exhaust component to carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the vehicle exhaust plume. Because the combustion mechanisms of gasoline engines and diesel engines are different, different inversion calculation methods of remote sensing data must be applied. The absolute concentrations of gasoline vehicle gaseous emissions measured by remote sensing can be calculated by the inversion calculation method based on the theoretical air–fuel ratio combustion mechanism. However, the absolute concentrations of diesel vehicle nitrogen oxide (NOx) measured by remote sensing must be calculated by the inversion calculation method based on the correction of the excess air coefficient. For the integrated remote sensing test system of gasoline and diesel vehicles, it is necessary to determine the vehicle category according to the vehicle type and license plate and adopt different inversion calculation methods to obtain the correct remote sensing results of vehicle emissions. The big data statistical analysis method for vehicle emission remote sensing results can quickly screen high-emission vehicles and dynamically determine the remote sensing emission screening threshold of high-emission vehicles as the composition of in-use vehicles changes and the overall emission of vehicles declines, so as to achieve dynamic and accurate screening of high-emission vehicles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Mobile Source Emissions)

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Open AccessArticle

Prediction of Real Driving Emission of Light Vehicles in China VI Based on GA-BP Algorithm

and

Atmosphere 2022, 13(11), 1800; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111800 - 30 Oct 2022

Viewed by 560

Abstract

In the China VI regulations for light-duty vehicles, the (RDE) test is introduced as a supplementary test procedure. In the actual test process, the RDE results are more significantly influenced by driving behavior and vehicle type. To reduce the test cost, the NOx and PN prediction models are established based on the GA-BP method. The results showed that the coefficients of determination of the GA-BP model for NOx and PN predictions are all greater than 0.9 and are linearly highly correlated at the instantaneous emission level. At the overall emission level, the overall error of the GA-BP model is less than 7% for NOx prediction and less than 6% for PN prediction. The model has high accuracy for both instantaneous and overall emissions of light-duty vehicles. This provides practical engineering value for guiding the RDE test. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Mobile Source Emissions)

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Review

Jump to: Research

Open AccessReview

Diesel Engine Emission Aftertreatment Device Aging Mechanism and Durability Assessment Methods: A Review

and

Atmosphere 2023, 14(2), 314; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020314 - 04 Feb 2023

Viewed by 545

Abstract

To meet more and more stringent emission standards, the combined technologies must be used to purify the emission pollutants of vehicle exhaust. Among them, the aftertreatment devices, including DOC, SCR, DPF, and so on, are the most efficient methods. However, after long-term running, the performance of the aftertreatment devices will inevitably degrade. There are several mechanisms that can be used to explain the aging phenomena. For the catalytic devices, such as DOC and SCR, thermal aging and poisoning aging are the most important reasons for their performance deterioration. As for DPF, ash clogging is a key problem for its stable working. To develop and test aftertreatment devices better and faster, the accelerated aging methods must be researched and applied. The small-sample aging method enables accelerated aging of catalyst samples at a very low cost, but its aging accuracy may not be good enough. Although the results of the whole-vehicle aging method and bench engine aging method are more in accord with the real using course, they take too much time and are too expensive to be used widely. Burner aging is a promising way to simulate the long-term running of the catalysts. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Mobile Source Emissions)

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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Brake Particle PN and PM Emissions of a Hybrid Light Duty Vehicle Measured on the Chassis Dynamometer

Authors: Panayotis Dimopoulos Eggenschwiler, Daniel Schreiber and Joel Habersatter

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