The Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) and its Applications

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 May 2021) | Viewed by 2938

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Met Office, EX1 3PB Exeter, UK
Interests: satellite applications

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Guest Editor
Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory, Deutscher Wetterdienst, 15848 Lindenberg, Germany
Interests: satellite observations of the composition of the atmosphere

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Co-Guest Editor
UK Research and Innovation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) is an international reference observing network, built on existing observational facilities, carrying out ground-based remote sensing and airborne in situ atmospheric observations of essential climate variables. GRUAN’s core principle is to ensure the comprehensive traceability of measurements and uncertainties, wherever possible to SI units.

Spanning the atmosphere from surface to stratosphere, long-term high-quality GRUAN data are key to climate monitoring and atmospheric studies. They are being used, for example, to diagnose trends in more spatially complete datasets, including satellite observations, and to validate, calibrate, or constrain independent instruments and numerical models.

Recently, GRUAN has achieved major landmarks with the transition from Vaisala RS92 to RS41 radiosondes, the release of a new data product for the Meisei RS-11G radiosonde, and the introduction of two new sites (Kowloon, Hong Kong and Dakar, Senegal) bringing the total number of sites across the network to 30.

To mark these achievements, the open-access journal Atmosphere is hosting a Topical Issue to showcase current and future capability, latest products and developments, and latest science. Original results, review papers, and GRUAN-relevant studies and applications are all welcome contributions.

Dr. Fabien Carminati
Dr. Ruud Dirksen
Dr. Giada Alessandroni
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • global navigation satellite systems satellites
  • numerical weather prediction
  • satellite remote sensing
  • atmospheric processes
  • lidar remote sensing
  • climate data records
  • climate monitoring
  • radiosondes

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 6353 KiB  
Article
Comparison of GRUAN RS92 and RS41 Radiosonde Temperature Biases
by Xin Jing, Xi Shao, Tung-Chang Liu and Bin Zhang
Atmosphere 2021, 12(7), 857; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12070857 - 30 Jun 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2369
Abstract
In this study, we validated the consistency of the GRUAN RS92 and RS41 datasets, versions EDT.1 and GDP.2, in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (200–20 hPa), through dual launch campaigns at the GRUAN site and using the radio occultation (RO) product and [...] Read more.
In this study, we validated the consistency of the GRUAN RS92 and RS41 datasets, versions EDT.1 and GDP.2, in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (200–20 hPa), through dual launch campaigns at the GRUAN site and using the radio occultation (RO) product and the ERA5 reanalysis from ECMWF as standards for double difference comparison. Separate comparisons with the references were also performed in order to trace the origin of the bias between the two instruments. Then, the performance of the GRUAN raw temperature correction algorithm was evaluated, from the aspects of day–night, the solar zenith angle, and the pressure level, for GDP.2 version products. The results show that RS92.EDT.1 has a warm bias of 0.355 K, compared to RS41.EDT.1, at 20 hPa, during daytime. This bias was found to mainly originate from RS92.EDT.1, based on the separate comparison with RO or ECMWF ERA5 data. RS92.GDP.2 is consistent with RS41.GDP.2, but a separate comparison indicated that the two original GDP.2 products have a ~1 K warm bias at 20 hPa during daytime, compared with RO or ECMWF ERA5 data. The GRUAN correction method can reduce the warm bias up to 0.5 K at 20 hPa during daytime. As a result, this GRUAN correction method is efficient, and it is dependent on the solar zenith angle and pressure level. Full article
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