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Atmosphere
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Development of LIDAR Techniques for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (2nd Edition)
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Development of LIDAR Techniques for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 August 2025 | Viewed by 3476

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Xin Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 4730079, China
Interests: lidar remote sensing; oceanic lidar; lidar system design
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the second volume in a series of publications dedicated to “Development of LIDAR Techniques for Atmospheric Remote Sensing” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphere/special_issues/LIDAR_Atmos).

LIDAR is an important active remote sensing tool to monitor atmospheric components such as aerosols, temperature, pollutant gases and greenhouse gases (e.g., CALIPSO, ACDL, and Aeolus) during the day and night. By monitoring aerosols, we can analyze their concentrations, distributions and types to study their impact on the weather, climate and human health. Atmospheric temperature distribution data obtained via LIDAR help to understand the pattern of temperature change and support weather and climate prediction. In addition, LIDAR can monitor pollutant gases and greenhouse gases, helping to track the causes of extreme pollution events, study the process of the carbon cycle, and gain insights into the mechanism of global climate change.

This Special Issue aims to present the latest research in the system development and applications of LIDAR in the atmosphere. We invite you to submit articles on your recent research on LIDAR system development with respect to the following topics:

  1. Innovative methods for monitoring atmospheric composition;
  2. Hardware development for LIDAR systems;
  3. Models for quantifying gas fluxes;
  4. The collaborative observation of greenhouse and pollution gases;
  5. Measurements for stratospheric meteorology.

Dr. Xin Ma
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • atmospheric composition
  • hardware development for LIDAR
  • gas fluxes
  • collaborative observation
  • meteorology

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 6190 KiB  
Article
Calibration of Upper Air Water Vapour Profiles Using the IPRAL Raman Lidar and ERA5 Model Results and Comparison to GRUAN Radiosonde Observations
by Dunya Alraddawi, Philippe Keckhut, Florian Mandija, Alain Sarkissian, Christophe Pietras, Jean-Charles Dupont, Antoine Farah, Alain Hauchecorne and Jacques Porteneuve
Atmosphere 2025, 16(3), 351; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16030351 - 20 Mar 2025
Viewed by 383
Abstract
Accurate measurements of upper troposphere humidity are essential to enhance understanding of contrail formation and guiding mitigation efforts. This study evaluates the ability of the IPRAL Raman Lidar, located south of Paris, to provide high-resolution water vapour mixing ratio (WVMR) profiles at contrail-relevant [...] Read more.
Accurate measurements of upper troposphere humidity are essential to enhance understanding of contrail formation and guiding mitigation efforts. This study evaluates the ability of the IPRAL Raman Lidar, located south of Paris, to provide high-resolution water vapour mixing ratio (WVMR) profiles at contrail-relevant altitudes. Raman signals are screened on hourly bases, and a universal calibration method, independent of acquisition mode, is proposed towards operational Lidar water vapour profiles, using co-located ERA5 data. Calibration factors are derived from comparisons between 4 and 6 km, and nightly coefficients determined from hourly factors. Instrumental stability is monitored through the temporal evolution of calibration factors, and stable-period medians are adopted as final values. The uncertainty of calibrated WVMR profiles is assessed by comparison with GRUAN processed Meteomodem M10 radiosondes and ERA5 data. Results show a high agreement (>90%), with IPRAL exhibiting a small negative bias (~10%) below 8 km, reducing to ~5% up to 10.5 km to radiosondes. ERA5 systematically underestimates water vapour at cruise altitudes, with a dry bias increasing from 10% at 9 km to >20% at 11 km. Recent IAGOS corrections to ERA5, improving supersaturation representation, are validated over Paris. This calibrated Lidar data set supports improved atmospheric modelling and contributes to future air traffic management strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of LIDAR Techniques for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (2nd Edition))
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28 pages, 18392 KiB  
Article
CALIPSO Overpasses During Three Atmospheric Pollen Events Detected by Hirst-Type Volumetric Samplers in Two Urban Cities in Greece
by Archontoula Karageorgopoulou, Elina Giannakaki, Christos Stathopoulos, Thanasis Georgiou, Eleni Marinou, Vassilis Amiridis, Ioanna Pyrri, Maria-Christina Gatou, Xiaoxia Shang, Athanasios Charalampopoulos, Despoina Vokou and Athanasios Damialis
Atmosphere 2025, 16(3), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16030317 - 10 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1306
Abstract
Vertically retrieved optical properties by Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) were investigated in the case of three selected events over Athens and Thessaloniki with documented high pollen concentrations. Hirst-type volumetric samplers were used to detect and characterize the pollen during [...] Read more.
Vertically retrieved optical properties by Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) were investigated in the case of three selected events over Athens and Thessaloniki with documented high pollen concentrations. Hirst-type volumetric samplers were used to detect and characterize the pollen during the CALIPSO overpasses. Only cases with a total pollen concentration greater than 400 grains m−3 for at least two hours per day were considered severe pollen events, while model simulations were used to exclude the presence of other depolarizing aerosol types. This study provides mean values of lidar-derived optical properties inside the detected pollen layers; i.e., optical values represent the atmosphere with the presence of pollen, in urban cities of Greece. Specifically, three observed aerosol layers, one over Athens and two over Thessaloniki with particulate color ratios of 0.652 ± 0.194, 0.638 ± 0.362, and 0.456 ± 0.284, and depolarization ratios of 8.70 ± 6.26%, 28.30 ± 14.16%, and 8.96 ± 6.87%, respectively, were misclassified by CALIPSO as marine-dusty marine, dust, and polluted dust. In cases of intense pollen presence, CALIPSO vertical profiles and aerobiological monitoring methods may be used synergistically to better characterize the atmospheric pollen layers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of LIDAR Techniques for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (2nd Edition))
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Graphical abstract

21 pages, 4050 KiB  
Article
Fiber Lidar for Control of the Ecological State of the Atmosphere
by Sergei N. Volkov, Nikolai G. Zaitsev, Sun-Ho Park, Duk-Hyeon Kim and Young-Min Noh
Atmosphere 2024, 15(6), 729; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15060729 - 18 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 954
Abstract
Methods and means of remote control of the ecological state of the atmosphere are constantly improving. Lidar sensing allows obtaining up-to-date information about natural and technogenic sources of atmospheric pollution. There is a wide range of problems in ecological control, where the deployment [...] Read more.
Methods and means of remote control of the ecological state of the atmosphere are constantly improving. Lidar sensing allows obtaining up-to-date information about natural and technogenic sources of atmospheric pollution. There is a wide range of problems in ecological control, where the deployment of an inexpensive mobile lidar network is required. For this purpose, it is suggested to use Q-switch and MOPA fiber lasers in lidars. Q-switch fiber lasers have a simpler design and are more practical to use. However, pulses from Q-switch lasers have long full-pulse durations. In the present work, a lidar signal inversion method (LSIM) is proposed for solving this problem. Verification and outdoor experimentation of the LSIM was carried out with the reference signal method (RSM). The advantage of the proposed RSM is the minimum number of controllable parameters necessary for LSIM verification and approbation. As a result, the accuracy of the obtained results increased. Thus, the possibility of application of the Q-switch fiber lasers for lidar sensing is shown both theoretically and experimentally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of LIDAR Techniques for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (2nd Edition))
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