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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Carbon, Nutrient and Greenhouse Gas Dynamics in Estuaries and Wetlands
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Carbon, Nutrient and Greenhouse Gas Dynamics in Estuaries and Wetlands

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2021) | Viewed by 5978

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mahmood Sadat-Noori

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Interests: groundwater quality; groundwater discharge zonation and quantification; natural geochemical groundwater tracers; radon (222Rn); carbon cycle; greenhouse gas.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate-change-induced global warming will have significant negative effects on the environment. Estuaries and wetlands can play an important role in the global warming process by acting as sinks or sources of atmospheric carbon. Estuaries and wetlands also link terrestrial and coastal water ecosystems. The current literature provides us with a qualitative understanding of the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycle in estuary and wetland environments. However, a strong quantitative assessment of C, N, and major greenhouse gas (GHG; CO2, CH4, and N2O) dynamics in estuaries and wetlands is missing and therefore a key knowledge gap in global GHG budgets.

Global quantitative flux assessments of C and N transfer from land to ocean (through river surface water and groundwater discharge), and GHG emissions from estuaries and wetlands still have large uncertainty due to data paucity at a local level. Additionally, most studies focus on soil GHG emissions and there is limited information on GHG fluxes at the water–air interface, particularly for N2O considering that it has a stronger effect on global warming. Therefore, linking terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in C budgets through quantifying C transfer and emission fluxes from estuarine and wetland soil, vegetation, and the water column is critical to developing a better understanding of the global C cycle and closing imbalances in global C budgets.

This Special Issue aims to take a step towards resolving the above-mentioned issues, and will focus on C and N dynamics and GHG fluxes from estuaries and wetlands of any type, including inland, marine/coastal, and human-made. While any relevant contribution is welcome, I encourage and invite original research and review paper submissions on the following topics:

  • fluxes of GHGs across the water–air interface of estuaries and wetlands;
  • environmental controls and drivers of GHG fluxes in estuaries and wetlands;
  • the role of groundwater discharge as a pathway for C and N transport;
  • blue carbon stocks and GHG fluxes in coastal ecosystems.

Dr. Mahmood Sadat-Noori
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • carbon dioxide
  • methane
  • nitrous oxide
  • greenhouse gas fluxes
  • carbon cycle
  • nitrogen cycle
  • freshwater wetland
  • coastal wetland
  • tidal marsh
  • mangroves
  • seagrass
  • land use change
  • climate change.

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1880 KiB  
Article
Methane Emissions during the Tide Cycle of a Yangtze Estuary Salt Marsh
by Yangjie Li, Dongqi Wang, Zhenlou Chen, Jie Chen, Hong Hu and Rong Wang
Atmosphere 2021, 12(2), 245; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12020245 - 11 Feb 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2519
Abstract
Methane (CH4) emissions from estuarine wetlands were proved to be influenced by tide movement and inundation conditions notably in many previous studies. Although there have been several researches focusing on the seasonal or annual CH4 emissions, the short-term CH4 [...] Read more.
Methane (CH4) emissions from estuarine wetlands were proved to be influenced by tide movement and inundation conditions notably in many previous studies. Although there have been several researches focusing on the seasonal or annual CH4 emissions, the short-term CH4 emissions during the tide cycles were rarely studied up to now in this area. In order to investigate the CH4 emission pattern during a tide cycle in Yangtze Estuary salt marshes, frequent fixed-point observations of methane flux were carried out using the in-situ static closed chamber technique. The results indicated that the daily average CH4 fluxes varied from 0.68 mgCH4·m−2·h−1 to 4.22 mgCH4·m−2·h−1 with the average flux reaching 1.78 mgCH4·m−2·h−1 from small tide to spring tide in summer. CH4 fluxes did not show consistent variation with both tide levels and inundation time but increased steadily during almost the whole research period. By Pearson correlation analysis, CH4 fluxes were not correlated with both tide levels (R = −0.014, p = 0.979) and solar radiation (R = 0.024, p = 0.865), but significantly correlated with ambient temperature. It is temperature rather than the tide level mainly controlling CH4 emissions during the tide cycles. Besides, CH4 fluxes also showed no significant correlation with the underground pore-water CH4 concentrations, indicating that plant-mediated transport played a more important role in CH4 fluxes compared with its production and consumption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon, Nutrient and Greenhouse Gas Dynamics in Estuaries and Wetlands)
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15 pages, 1463 KiB  
Article
Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Elemental Fluxes in the Soil and Exchanges with the Atmosphere in Australian Tropical, Temperate, and Arid Wetlands
by Chiara Pasut, Fiona H. M. Tang, David P. Hamilton and Federico Maggi
Atmosphere 2021, 12(1), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12010042 - 30 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2998
Abstract
Australian ecosystems, particularly wetlands, are facing new and extreme threats due to climate change, land use, and other human interventions. However, more fundamental knowledge is required to understand how nutrient turnover in wetlands is affected. In this study, we deployed a mechanistic biogeochemical [...] Read more.
Australian ecosystems, particularly wetlands, are facing new and extreme threats due to climate change, land use, and other human interventions. However, more fundamental knowledge is required to understand how nutrient turnover in wetlands is affected. In this study, we deployed a mechanistic biogeochemical model of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) cycles at 0.25∘× 0.25∘ spatial resolution across wetlands in Australia. Our modeling was used to assess nutrient inputs to soil, elemental nutrient fluxes across the soil organic and mineral pools, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in different climatic areas. In the decade 2008–2017, we estimated an average annual emission of 5.12 Tg-CH4, 90.89 Tg-CO2, and 2.34 × 10−2 Tg-N2O. Temperate wetlands in Australia have three times more N2O emissions than tropical wetlands as a result of fertilization, despite similar total area extension. Tasmania wetlands have the highest areal GHG emission rates. C fluxes in soil depend strongly on hydroclimatic factors; they are mainly controlled by anaerobic respiration in temperate and tropical regions and by aerobic respiration in arid regions. In contrast, N and S fluxes are mostly governed by plant uptake regardless of the region and season. The new knowledge from this study may help design conservation and adaptation plans to climate change and better protect the Australian wetland ecosystem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon, Nutrient and Greenhouse Gas Dynamics in Estuaries and Wetlands)
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