Ionospheric Sounding for Identification of Pre-seismic Activity

Dear Colleagues,

Research over the last few decades has shown that the seismogenic process influences the ionosphere through a number of coupling mechanisms, resulting in ionospheric disruption. Ionospheric disturbances, such as electron density anomalies, could arise in the D/E, F, and topside layers. For seismic ionospheric anomalies at various altitudes, various detection technologies, such as ionosonde for the critical frequency of the F2 layer, the GPS-TEC, and so on, can be used.

In recent years, a large number of near-Earth spacecraft, such as CSES, GOES, Cluster, THEMIS, the Van Allen Probes, MMS, Arase, and Swarm, have been used in conjunction with ground-based observatories, such as the MAGDAS, SuperMAG, and INTERMAGNET networks, to study the ionospheric anomalies caused by seismic activity.

The goal of this Special Issue is to compile the most recent advances in understanding ionospheric anomalies during earthquake preparation and occurrence processes. This Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following features:.

• Ground and ionospheric observations based on ground receivers, ionosonde or low-Earth-orbit satellites and the study of their relationships with earthquakes.
• Infrared or hyperspectral parameter observations and analyses related to pre-seismic activites.
• Integrated observations from multi-spheres for the study of lithosphere–atomosphere–ionosphere coulping (LAIC) in regard to earthquakes.
• Models and observations of low-frequency (ULF/ELF/VLF) electromagnetic wave

Dr. Shufan Zhao
Dr. Xuhui Shen
Dr. Li Liao
Guest Editors

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