Editorial

3 pages, 177 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Special Issue: “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”

by Yun-Hae Kim, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang and Hung-Yu Wang

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(18), 9336; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12189336 - 18 Sep 2022

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Solid-state physics, directed to the design, manufacture, research, and further application of advanced materials and composites, play one of the most important roles in the quick development of modern science, techniques, and technologies [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications)

Research

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8 pages, 3877 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Insertion of a Graphene Oxide Layer into a Cu/SiO₂/Pt Structure to Overcome Performance Degradation in a Vaporless Environment

by Chih-Yi Liu, Chun-Hung Lai, Chao-Cheng Lin and Chih-Peng Yang

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(7), 1432; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9071432 - 05 Apr 2019

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3358

Abstract

A Cu/SiO₂/Pt structure is usually used to study the resistive memory properties of an electrochemical resistive random access memory. It can be reversibly switched between low- and high-resistance states by using DC voltages in the atmosphere. However, its resistive switching behavior [...] Read more.

A Cu/SiO₂/Pt structure is usually used to study the resistive memory properties of an electrochemical resistive random access memory. It can be reversibly switched between low- and high-resistance states by using DC voltages in the atmosphere. However, its resistive switching behavior disappears in a vaporless environment because no conducting filaments can be formed within the Cu/SiO₂/Pt structure. This study inserted a graphene oxide (GO) layer to fabricate a Cu/GO/SiO₂/Pt structure that could be resistively switched in a vaporless environment. The X-ray photoelectron spectra depth profile of the Cu/GO/SiO₂/Pt structure showed that oxygen-related groups of the GO film reacted with the Cu electrode. The GO film assisted Cu ionization in a vaporless environment, and Cu ions could migrate in an electrical field to the Pt electrode. Cu conducting filaments were formed and ruptured by different polarity voltages, and the resistance of the Cu/GO/SiO₂/Pt structure could be reversibly switched in a vaporless environment. A schematic model was proposed to explain the switching mechanisms in the atmosphere and a vaporless environment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications)

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14 pages, 1748 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Developmental Screening System for Patient Vibration Signals with Knee Disorder

by Chiu-Ching Tuan, Chi-Heng Lu, Yi-Chao Wu, Mei-Chuan Chen, Sung-Wei Chi, Tsair-Fwu Lee and Wen-Ling Yeh

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(5), 908; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9050908 - 04 Mar 2019

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2525

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce a simple sound signal diagnostic method to evaluate anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury before and after reconstructive surgery. Sixty-five recruited participants were divided into control (n = 27) and experimental (n = 38) groups. Dynamic time warping of [...] Read more.

In this paper, we introduce a simple sound signal diagnostic method to evaluate anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury before and after reconstructive surgery. Sixty-five recruited participants were divided into control (n = 27) and experimental (n = 38) groups. Dynamic time warping of sound signals was applied to evaluate the healthy and injured limbs before surgery with those after surgery via analysis of variance and Z-test analysis. In the control group, the average differences among three sensing points ranged from 7.7 ± 3.4 to 18.9 ± 10.6, over the frequency range of 250 Hz to 4 kHz. In the experimental group, the average differences were between 6.2 ± 2.8 and 57.4 ± 21.3. The greatest significant wavelet coefficient difference was observed in the range of 125–250 Hz. Our preliminary results demonstrate that the proposed approach produces significant signal variations at the ACL test point (TP_ACL) with regard to identifying ACL injury, with swing cycles conducted within the 4-kHz band of 1–7 wavelet coefficients. Thus, wavelet analysis of knee sound can be used to evaluate the recovery status after single ACL reconstruction surgery. After a 1-year follow-up of the 38 patients with ACL injury, the frequency band difference among sensing points was reduced from 274% to approximately 600%. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications)

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15 pages, 1931 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluate the Medial Muscle Strength by Kick Training between the Standing and Sitting Postures

by Chi-Heng Lu, Chiu-Ching Tuan, Yi-Chao Wu, Chi-Chuan Wu, Mei-Chuan Chen, Chin-Shiuh Shieh and Tsair-Fwu Lee

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(4), 718; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9040718 - 19 Feb 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3067

Abstract

In order to ameliorate the anterior knee pain or peripheral pain around the tibia caused by patellar lateral subluxation, we evaluated the kick training effects of standing or sitting postures in strengthening the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) on the quadriceps femoris muscle. A [...] Read more.

In order to ameliorate the anterior knee pain or peripheral pain around the tibia caused by patellar lateral subluxation, we evaluated the kick training effects of standing or sitting postures in strengthening the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) on the quadriceps femoris muscle. A total of 83 subjects (45 male; 38 female) in both sitting and standing positions performed 10° to 90° leg lift and kick training. Among the male group, the effect of the sitting posture was better than that of the standing posture, 74.31% of the former achieved the training goal. In the female group, the effect of a standing posture was better than that of a sitting posture, for which only 37.71% of the latter achieved the training purpose. However, a ratio of 84.34% in the female group showed that the strength of VMO on the quadriceps femoris muscle generated by leg kicking was greater than the strength generated by walking. While it was impossible to immediately achieve a greater effect of VMO on the quadriceps femoris muscle than vastus lateralis on the quadriceps femoris muscle, leg kicking did achieve the objective of enhancing the strength of VMO on the quadriceps femoris muscle. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications)

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12 pages, 1340 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Enhanced Pathological Element-Based Symbolic Nodal Analysis

by Sujito, Huu-Duy Tran, Yueh-Ling Lin, Cong Chuan Pham, Hung-Yu Wang and Shun-Hsyung Chang

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(1), 93; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9010093 - 27 Dec 2018

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2806

Abstract

An improved symbolic analysis procedure to enhance the analytic efficiency of the reported symbolic nodal analysis is presented. Two techniques are adopted in the proposed method to reduce the order of the system of equations when performing symbolic analysis. The first one uses [...] Read more.

An improved symbolic analysis procedure to enhance the analytic efficiency of the reported symbolic nodal analysis is presented. Two techniques are adopted in the proposed method to reduce the order of the system of equations when performing symbolic analysis. The first one uses voltage signal sources directly to perform symbolic analysis without replacing them with their nullor equivalences. The second one uses the nullor, grounded mirror, and floating mirror elements to model the active devices that involve differential or multiple single-ended signals. Practical examples are given which demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed methods. Full article

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12 pages, 2029 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Efficacy of Indigenously Prepared Sugarcane and Pineapple Wine Solvents for Washing Highly Dioxin-Contaminated Field Soils

by Chi Thanh Vu, Huu Tuan Tran, Acharee Kaewlaoyoong, Wen-Yen Huang and Chitsan Lin

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(1), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9010061 - 25 Dec 2018

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4111

Abstract

Poly-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and poly-chlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDFs) negatively affect human health and are often found as unwanted by-products of chemical handling and manufacture procedures. While commercial solvents have been used to remove dioxins from contaminated soil, these solvents themselves may adversely affect soil [...] Read more.

Poly-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and poly-chlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDFs) negatively affect human health and are often found as unwanted by-products of chemical handling and manufacture procedures. While commercial solvents have been used to remove dioxins from contaminated soil, these solvents themselves may adversely affect soil health. In this study, we examined the effects of washing highly PCDD/F contaminated field-soil with two natural solvents (sugarcane and pineapple wine) under ambient temperature. Performing an initial three-washing-cycle experiment, we found that sugarcane wine more effectively removed the contaminants than pineapple wine (removal, 60% vs. 50%) and chose it to perform a six-washing-cycle experiment facilitated by mechanical stirring and ultrasonication. Sugarcane wine was found to have a high removal efficiency (almost 80%), largely due to its higher alcohol and acid content. We believe that both wines can be used in soil remediation tasks without further damage to soil health. This is the first study employing naturally made wines as soil washing solvents in treating highly PCDD/F contaminated field soil. After soil washing processes, the winery solvents are believed to be beneficial to (if necessary) bioremediation methods and/or monitored natural attenuation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications)

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7 pages, 1696 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Features of the Formation of the Crystal Structure, Grain Structure, Dielectric and Thermophysical Properties of Bismuth Ferrite Doped with Erbium

by Aleksey Pavelko, Sidek Khasbulatov, Larisa Reznichenko, Lidia Shilkina, Haji Gadjiev, Abumuslim Bakmaev, Zairbek Omarov, Iliya Verbenko, Vladimir Alyoshin, Ivan Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang and Hung-Yu Wang

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(11), 2183; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8112183 - 07 Nov 2018

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2555

Abstract

The crystal structure and surface morphology of ceramics as well dielectric and thermal properties of Bi_1−xEr_xFeO₃ (where x = 0.05 − 0.20, Δх = 0.05) magnetoelectric solid solutions (SS) were investigated. The regularities of changes in [...] Read more.

The crystal structure and surface morphology of ceramics as well dielectric and thermal properties of Bi_1−xEr_xFeO₃ (where x = 0.05 − 0.20, Δх = 0.05) magnetoelectric solid solutions (SS) were investigated. The regularities of changes in phase composition, microstructure, electrical and dielectric properties of objects at room temperature are established. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications)

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11 pages, 800 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Determination of the Electromagnetic Field on the Surface of the Beam Splitter of Laser Interferometer by Measuring the Displacements of Control Object Surfaces

by Igor P. Miroshnichenko, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang and Hung-Yu Wang

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(11), 2137; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8112137 - 02 Nov 2018

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1862

Abstract

The paper describes in detail the governing relationships for the electromagnetic field on the surface of the laser beam splitter of a laser interferometer. These expressions are intended for numerical simulation of measuring the displacements of control object surfaces by using a laser [...] Read more.

The paper describes in detail the governing relationships for the electromagnetic field on the surface of the laser beam splitter of a laser interferometer. These expressions are intended for numerical simulation of measuring the displacements of control object surfaces by using a laser interferometer. We consider the cases of perpendicular and parallel polarizations of the radiation source. Moreover, the most relevant particular cases of constructing optical circuits of the interferometer in question are treated. The presented theoretical results have been used in numerical studies of the functional characteristics of promising contactless optical means of measuring displacements. The use of the described results has improved the quality and informativeness of the numerical simulation results of the measurement process of displacements by a laser interferometer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications)

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9 pages, 3879 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Structurization, Phase Rule Diagram, Relaxation Processes and Radio-Absorbing Properties of Solid Solutions Based on a Binary System BaNb₂O₆-SrNb₂O₆

by A.G. Abubakarov, A.V. Pavlenko, L.A. Shilkina, A.V. Turik, I.A. Verbenko, L.A. Reznichenko, K.P. Andryushin, I.N. Andryushina, H.A. Sadykov, I.A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang and Hung-Yu Wang

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(10), 1932; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101932 - 16 Oct 2018

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2430

Abstract

The investigation results of the processes of phase formation in barium niobate, strontium, and their solid solutions in the conditions of the variability of the thermodynamic background are presented. The formation of a grain landscape and dielectric properties (including relaxation phenomena) in the [...] Read more.

The investigation results of the processes of phase formation in barium niobate, strontium, and their solid solutions in the conditions of the variability of the thermodynamic background are presented. The formation of a grain landscape and dielectric properties (including relaxation phenomena) in the solid solutions of strontium niobate and their solid solutions and the establishment of regularities in the formation of radio-absorbing properties in them are studied. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications)

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11 pages, 3022 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Thermodynamic Prehistory in the Formation of the Internal Structure of Highly Stable Ferroelectric Materials

by Konstantin P. Andryushin, Inna N. Andryshina, Lidiya A. Shilkina, Svetlana I. Dudkina, Iliya A. Verbenko, Larisa A. Reznichenko, Mihail I. Mazuritskiy, Alexandr V. Nagaenko, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang and Hung-Yu Wang

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(10), 1897; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101897 - 12 Oct 2018

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2066

Abstract

We investigated and presented our results for the dependence of the characteristics of the crystalline and grain structures of the PCR-13 material (based on the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) system), which was sintered in various ways, on the regulations for its preparation. The [...] Read more.

We investigated and presented our results for the dependence of the characteristics of the crystalline and grain structures of the PCR-13 material (based on the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) system), which was sintered in various ways, on the regulations for its preparation. The data from the microfluorescence analysis of the surface of ceramic materials were provided, which allowed us to state that micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (MICRO–XRF), supplemented by mathematical statistics, allows us to trace even small changes in the chemical composition of ceramic samples, reliably characterize the degree of surface homogeneity and provide strict mathematical conclusions related to the reproducibility of the properties of manufactured piezoelectric ceramic materials. Based on the obtained data, the optimal conditions for ceramics have been selected, which ensure homogeneity, high-density structure and reproducibility of the characteristics. This allows us to reliably use the material in frequency-selective equipment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications)

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