Interplay of Microbiome and Oxidative Stress

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 2252

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
2. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
3. Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
Interests: microbiome; nutrition; sequencing; genome; obesity; cancer
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Guest Editor Assistant
1. Department of Physiology, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
2. Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
Interests: antioxidants; reactive oxygen species; body composition; nutritional status; vitamin D; zinc

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Guest Editor Assistant
1. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
2. Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
3. Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
Interests: vitamin D; body composition; micronutrients; obesity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microbiome and oxidative stress processes have a complex and multifaceted relationship and there is increasing evidence that the microbiome plays a crucial role in modulating oxidative stress, a discovery that can have significant implications for human health. Microbes are known to produce metabolites that either promote or inhibit oxidative stress by producing antioxidant compounds or generating reactive oxygen species, thereby contributing to redox-related processes. In addition, the microbiome has been demonstrated to possess immunomodulatory properties, which may influence the immune and inflammatory responses, both of which are related to oxidative stress. Accordingly, the growing understanding of the intricate relationship between the microbiome and oxidative stress is presented as a promising alternative in the treatment and management of various pathological conditions.

Please submit your latest research findings (including in vitro and in vivo studies) or a review article to this Special Issue, which will bring together the latest research on the microbiome and its role in oxidative stress. Topics include, but are not limited to:

  • The mechanisms by which the microbiome influences redox processes or signaling;
  • The impact of dysbiosis on oxidative stress in health and disease;
  • The effect of the microbiome on antioxidant status;
  • How the composition of the microbiome is affected by reactive species;
  • How dysbiosis is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation;
  • The inhibition and management of oxidative stress by the microbiome.

Your contribution is greatly appreciated.

Dr. Julio Plaza-Díaz
Guest Editor

Dr. Lourdes Herrera-Quintana
Dr. Héctor Vázquez Lorente
Guest Editor Assistants

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • microbiome
  • oxidative stress
  • antioxidants
  • gut microbiota
  • free radicals
  • reactive oxygen species
  • gut–brain axis
  • dysbiosis
  • microbial metabolites
  • mitochondrial function
  • probiotics
  • microbe–host interactions

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3061 KiB  
Article
Probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonii Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Rebalances Splenic Treg/Th17 Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis
by Hao-Yu Liu, Shicheng Li, Kennedy Jerry Ogamune, Peng Yuan, Xinyu Shi, Wael Ennab, Abdelkareem A. Ahmed, In Ho Kim, Ping Hu and Demin Cai
Antioxidants 2025, 14(4), 433; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14040433 - 3 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, is frequently complicated by extraintestinal manifestations such as functional hyposplenism. Increasing evidence highlights its pathogenesis as a multifactorial interplay of gut dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and dysregulated immune responses. While probiotics, [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, is frequently complicated by extraintestinal manifestations such as functional hyposplenism. Increasing evidence highlights its pathogenesis as a multifactorial interplay of gut dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and dysregulated immune responses. While probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus spp., have emerged as potential therapeutics for IBD, restoring intestinal homeostasis, their systemic immunomodulatory effects remain underexplored. Here, we investigated the protective role of Lactobacillus johnsonii N5 in DSS-induced colitis, focusing on inflammation inhibition and splenic T cell regulation. Pretreatment with L. johnsonii N5 significantly attenuated colitis severity, as evidenced by preserved body weight, reduced disease activity index, and prevention of colon shortening. N5 suppressed colonic pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, Il-1b, Il-6, and CXCL1, while elevating anti-inflammatory IL-10 at both mRNA and protein levels. Transcriptomic analysis of the spleen revealed that N5 mediated the downregulation of inflammatory pathways, including the IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways, as well as the HIF-1 signaling pathway, and modulated the metabolic pathway of oxidative phosphorylation. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that N5 rebalanced splenic Treg/Th17 responses by expanding the Treg population and reducing the production of IL-17A in Th17 cells. Notably, Th17-associated IL-17A positively correlated with intestinal pro-inflammatory mediators, emphasizing the role of Th17 cells in driving colitis. In contrast, splenic Treg abundance positively correlated with colonic IL-10 levels, suggesting a link between systemic immune regulation and intestinal anti-inflammatory responses. Our study underscores the therapeutic potential of targeting gut–immune crosstalk through probiotics, thereby offering valuable insights for developing live bacterial-based interventions for IBD and other inflammatory disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interplay of Microbiome and Oxidative Stress)
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Review

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23 pages, 2265 KiB  
Review
The Western Diet and Atopic Dermatitis: The Potential Role of Nutrients, Contaminants, and Additives in Dysbiosis and Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction
by Chiara Maria Teresa Boggio, Federica Veronese, Marta Armari, Elisa Zavattaro, Elia Esposto, Paola Savoia and Barbara Azzimonti
Antioxidants 2025, 14(4), 386; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14040386 - 25 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, collectively termed the exposome. Among these determinants, diet emerges as a pivotal component, with diverse nutrients, contaminants, and additives shaping immune responses, microbiota composition, and systemic inflammatory [...] Read more.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, collectively termed the exposome. Among these determinants, diet emerges as a pivotal component, with diverse nutrients, contaminants, and additives shaping immune responses, microbiota composition, and systemic inflammatory status. This literature review aimed to elucidate the interplay between dietary factors and skin dysbiosis in AD, providing insights into how these interactions may impact disease susceptibility and progression. A comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus was conducted using relevant keywords and medical subject headings (MeSH). Studies published in English within the past 25 years were included, encompassing in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo research, as well as reviews. Priority was given to frequently cited articles, reflecting significant contributions to current understanding. Findings suggest that dietary habits influence AD by modulating both gut and skin microbiota, immune pathways, and inflammatory processes. These insights underscore the importance of considering diet within a broader exposome framework, paving the way for targeted interventions to improve AD management. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms and optimize nutritional strategies, potentially informing preventive and therapeutic approaches for AD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interplay of Microbiome and Oxidative Stress)
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