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Animals
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Early Detection of Heart Failure in Animals
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Early Detection of Heart Failure in Animals

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 17854

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ryou Tanaka

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
Interests: cardiothoracic surgery; veterinary cardiology; echocardiography
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Early detection of heart failure (HF) is important as it provides the pharmacologic interventions that may slow disease progression and improve patient outcomes. However, HF is a clinically complex and heterogeneous disease that is challenging to detect in traditional approaches to cardiovascular disease. Recently, some novel techniques have become available for the early detection of heart failure in humans, including echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (MR), nuclear imaging-positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT), enzymes, hormones, biologic substances, heart rate variability (HRV), and so on. Some of these techniques are also available in animals, but, their application is challenging, due to differences in heart size and rate. If these novel techniques are validated in animals with heart failure, they will offer new insight into veterinary and human cardiology. In this context, work covering novel techniques developed only in animals is also welcome.

This Special Issue will cover the description of novel techniques for early detection of heart failure in animals and to explore opportunities for application in veterinary medicine and human medicine.

Prof. Dr. Ryo Tanaka
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Heart failure
  • Early diagnosis
  • Cardiac function
  • Circulation dynamics
  • Myocardial function
  • Biomarkers

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3493 KiB  
Article
Changes in the Pulmonary Artery Wave Reflection in Dogs with Experimentally-Induced Acute Pulmonary Embolism and the Effect of Vasodilator
by Tomohiko Yoshida, Ahmed S. Mandour, Katsuhiro Matsuura, Kazumi Shimada, Hussein M. El-Husseiny, Lina Hamabe, Zeki Yilmaz, Akiko Uemura and Ryou Tanaka
Animals 2021, 11(7), 1977; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11071977 - 01 Jul 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4577
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex syndrome that has been frequently diagnosed in dogs and humans and can be detected by Doppler echocardiography and invasive catheterization. Recently, PAWR attracts much attention as a noninvasive approach for the early detection of PH. The present [...] Read more.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex syndrome that has been frequently diagnosed in dogs and humans and can be detected by Doppler echocardiography and invasive catheterization. Recently, PAWR attracts much attention as a noninvasive approach for the early detection of PH. The present study aims to investigate the PAWR changes in acute pulmonary embolism (APE) and highlight the response of PAWR variables to vasodilator therapy in dogs. For this purpose, anesthesia and catheterization were performed in 6 Beagle dogs. After that, APE was experimentally conducted by Dextran microsphere administration, followed by vasodilator (Nitroprusside; 1μg/kg/min/IV) administration. The hemodynamics, echocardiography, PVR and PAWR variables were evaluated at the baseline, after APE and after administration of nitroprusside. The result showed a significant increase in PVR, PAP, tricuspid regurgitation (TR) as well as PAWR variables following APE induction compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). Vasodilation caused by administration of nitroprusside reduced the mean atrial pressure, PVR and PAWR parameters. There were a significant correlation and linear regression between PAWR indices and PVR as well as right ventricular function parameters. In conclusion, PAWR is not only correlated with PVR but also the right ventricular function parameter, which indicates that PAWR may be useful as a new evaluation method in PH, considering that PAWR can assess both right ventricular afterload and right ventricular function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Detection of Heart Failure in Animals)
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13 pages, 2094 KiB  
Article
Left and Right Myocardial Functionality Assessed by Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Cats with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
by Ryohei Suzuki, Yunosuke Yuchi, Haruka Kanno, Takahiro Teshima, Hirotaka Matsumoto and Hidekazu Koyama
Animals 2021, 11(6), 1578; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11061578 - 28 May 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4217
Abstract
The endomyocardial form of restrictive cardiomyopathy (EMF-RCM), a primary disorder of the myocardium, is one of the diseases with poor prognosis in cats. We hypothesized that both the left and right myocardial functional abnormalities may occur in cats with EMF-RCM, causing this disease [...] Read more.
The endomyocardial form of restrictive cardiomyopathy (EMF-RCM), a primary disorder of the myocardium, is one of the diseases with poor prognosis in cats. We hypothesized that both the left and right myocardial functional abnormalities may occur in cats with EMF-RCM, causing this disease pathophysiology and clinical status. Out of the 25 animals included in this study, 10 were client-owned cats with EMF-RCM, and 15 were healthy cats. In this study, cats were assessed for layer-specific myocardial function (whole, endocardial, and epicardial) in the left ventricular longitudinal and circumferential directions, and right ventricular longitudinal direction, via two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Cats with EMF-RCM had depressed left ventricular myocardial deformations both in systole (whole longitudinal strain, epicardial longitudinal strain, and endocardial circumferential strain) and diastole (early and late diastolic longitudinal strain rates, and late diastolic circumferential strain rate) compared to controls. Furthermore, some right ventricular myocardial deformations (systolic longitudinal strain in epicardial layers, and endocardial-to-epicardial strain ratio) were significantly differerent in cats with EMF-RCM. Myocardial function assessed by 2D-STE could reveal left and right myocardial dysfunction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Detection of Heart Failure in Animals)
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12 pages, 1428 KiB  
Article
The Utility of Intraventricular Pressure Gradient for Early Detection of Chemotherapy-Induced Subclinical Cardiac Dysfunction in Dogs
by Katsuhiro Matsuura, Kenjirou Shiraishi, Ahmed S. Mandour, Kotomi Sato, Kazumi Shimada, Seijirow Goya, Tomohiko Yoshida, Pitipat Kitpipatkun, Lina Hamabe, Akiko Uemura, Zeki Yilmaz, Mayumi Ifuku, Takeshi Iso, Ken Takahashi and Ryou Tanaka
Animals 2021, 11(4), 1122; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11041122 - 14 Apr 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2476
Abstract
Early detection of doxorubicin (DXR)-induced cardiomyopathy (DXR-ICM) is crucial to improve cancer patient outcomes and survival. In recent years, the intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPG) has been a breakthrough as a sensitive index to assess cardiac function. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness [...] Read more.
Early detection of doxorubicin (DXR)-induced cardiomyopathy (DXR-ICM) is crucial to improve cancer patient outcomes and survival. In recent years, the intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPG) has been a breakthrough as a sensitive index to assess cardiac function. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of IVPG for the early detection of chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction. For this purpose, six dogs underwent conventional, speckle tracking, and color M-mode echocardiography concomitantly with pressure-and-volume analysis by conductance catheter. The cardiac function measurements were assessed before DXR administration (baseline, Pre), at the end of treatment protocol (Post), and at 1.5 years follow-up (Post2). The result showed a significant reduction in the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume (Emax: 4.4 ± 0.7, 6.1 ± 1.6 vs. 8.4 ± 0.8 mmHg/mL), total-IVPG (0.59 ± 0.12, 0.62 ± 0.15 vs. 0.86 ± 0.12 mmHg), and mid-IVPG (0.28 ± 0.12, 0.31 ± 0.11 vs. 0.48 ± 0.08 mmHg), respectively in Post2 and Post compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). Mid-to-apical IVPG was also reduced in Post2 compared with the baseline (0.29 ± 0.13 vs. 0.51 ± 0.11). Meanwhile, the fraction shortening, ejection fraction, and longitudinal strain revealed no change between groups. Total and mid-IVPG were significantly correlated with Emax (R = 0.49; p < 0.05, both) but only mid-IVPG was a predictor for Emax (R2 = 0.238, p = 0.040). In conclusion, this study revealed that impairment of contractility was the initial changes observed with DXR-ICM in dogs and only IVPG could noninvasively detect subclinical alterations in cardiac function. Color M-mode echocardiography-derived IVPG could be a potential marker for the early detection of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Detection of Heart Failure in Animals)
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Review

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16 pages, 1471 KiB  
Review
Role of Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Early Detection of Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Dogs
by Lina Hamabe, Ahmed S. Mandour, Kazumi Shimada, Akiko Uemura, Zeki Yilmaz, Kentaro Nagaoka and Ryou Tanaka
Animals 2021, 11(8), 2361; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11082361 - 10 Aug 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4607
Abstract
Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D–STE) is an advanced echocardiographic technique based on deformation imaging that allows comprehensive evaluation of the myocardial function. Clinical application of 2D–STE holds great potential for its ability to provide valuable information on both global and regional myocardial function and [...] Read more.
Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D–STE) is an advanced echocardiographic technique based on deformation imaging that allows comprehensive evaluation of the myocardial function. Clinical application of 2D–STE holds great potential for its ability to provide valuable information on both global and regional myocardial function and to quantify cardiac rotation and synchronicity, which are not readily possible with the conventional echocardiography. It has gained growing importance over the past decade, especially in human medicine, and its application includes assessment of myocardial function, detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction and serving as a prognostic indicator. This review illustrates the fundamental concepts of deformation analysis and gives an overview of the current understanding and its clinical application of this technique in veterinary medicine, with a focus on early detection of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in dogs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Detection of Heart Failure in Animals)
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