Coccidian Parasites: Epidemiology, Control and Prevention Strategies

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 29 July 2025 | Viewed by 407

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: poultry cocidia; coccidian vaccines; poultry immunity; wildlife animals parasites

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Interests: coccidian vaccines; gut microbiota; poultry immunity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coccidian parasites are a group of protozoan parasites belonging to the subclass Coccidia within the phylum Apicomplexa. They primarily infect the intestinal tract of their hosts, which can include a wide range of animals, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and humans. They are strictly host-specific and are characterized by their monoxenous life cycle. After endogenous development, oocysts are excreted into the environment, where they mature into the infective stage. Due to their widespread distribution in populations of many different animal species, they are considered of great veterinary importance.

Young animals are primarily affected by high parasite burdens, and the replication of intracellular parasites results in pathology and the development of coccidiosis as a clinical disease. Coccidia infection can be detected by identifying oocysts in fecal samples and can be subsequently differentiated based on oocyst morphology. Prevention is based on reducing infection pressure through cleaning and disinfection measures, vaccination, and preventive drug treatment. Understanding the epidemiology of coccidian parasites is critical for developing effective control and prevention strategies. Research is ongoing to find new treatments, improve vaccines, and refine control measures to mitigate the impact of these parasites on both animal and human health. Enhanced surveillance, education, and best management practices are vital components in addressing the challenges posed by coccidian parasites.

This Special Issue aims to compile research and reviews on various aspects of coccidian parasites, including but not limited to the molecular epidemiology of coccidian parasites in different host species, new risk factors contributing to the spread of coccidian infections, host–parasite interactions and co-evolution, advances in diagnostic techniques for coccidian infections, gold-standard methods of controlling coccidian infections in animal husbandry, environmental management strategies to reduce the transmission of coccidian oocysts, novel therapeutic agents, and approaches to control and prevent coccidian infections.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Guangwen Yin
Dr. Sixin Zhang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • coccidian
  • prevalence
  • epidemiology
  • risk Factors
  • prevention
  • control strategies
  • vaccination

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 2896 KiB  
Article
AP2X-8 Is Important for Tachyzoite Growth and Bradyzoite Differentiation of Toxoplasma gondii
by Li-Xiu Sun, Meng Wang, Hany M. Elsheikha, Shi-Chen Xie, Bao-Quan Fu, Xing-Quan Zhu and Guo-Hua Liu
Animals 2025, 15(9), 1349; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15091349 - 7 May 2025
Viewed by 65
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite capable of establishing chronic infections, with potential reactivation in immunocompromised individuals. However, the molecular mechanisms governing tachyzoite-to-bradyzoite differentiation remain incompletely understood. Previous studies have identified AP2 transcription factors as key regulators of this developmental switch. In this [...] Read more.
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite capable of establishing chronic infections, with potential reactivation in immunocompromised individuals. However, the molecular mechanisms governing tachyzoite-to-bradyzoite differentiation remain incompletely understood. Previous studies have identified AP2 transcription factors as key regulators of this developmental switch. In this study, we investigated the role of the AP2 factor AP2X-8. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that AP2X-8 is constitutively expressed in the nucleus of both tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages. Using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homologous recombination, we successfully generated an ap2X-8 knockout strain. Phenotypic assays including plaque formation, invasion, replication, and egress, and bradyzoite differentiation assays, were then performed to assess the impact of ap2X-8 deletion. Our analyses showed that the loss of ap2X-8 significantly impaired plaque formation and intracellular replication, while invasion and egress were unaffected. Furthermore, ap2X-8 knockout enhanced bradyzoite differentiation in vitro. Despite these changes, deletion of ap2X-8 did not alter parasite virulence in a mouse infection model. These findings demonstrate that AP2X-8 is an important regulator of T. gondii tachyzoite growth and bradyzoite differentiation, offering new insights into the parasite’s developmental regulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coccidian Parasites: Epidemiology, Control and Prevention Strategies)
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