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Animals
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Advances in Small Animal Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology
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Advances in Small Animal Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Reproduction".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 June 2024 | Viewed by 5369

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Monica De Los Reyes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Reproduction Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
Interests: reproduction in carnivores; gamete research; IVM-IVF; reproductive biotechnologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of endocrinology and reproductive physiology in small animals is a rapidly growing area of veterinary sciences that focuses on the mechanisms controlling the reproductive process and fertility in canine and feline species, involving estrous cycles, gamete production, pregnancy, andrology, and reproductive disorders. These disorders can include reproductive problems affecting endocrine glands and reproductive organs, such as hypoluteoidismdism, thyroid disease, obesity, uterine pathology, and infertility.

Recent advancements in diagnostic methods and treatments, including hormone therapy and reproductive technology, have significantly improved the ability to diagnose and treat some of these disorders. Scientists are exploring the connection between hormones and a variety of diseases, and reproductive output, utilizing cutting-edge biotechnology, genetic engineering, and gene-editing techniques. By understanding the underlying physiologic and endocrinologic mechanisms of reproductive activity, we can enhance or control the reproductive performance and overall welfare of our small animals.

Overall, this Special Issue intends to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in small animal endocrinology, reproductive physiology, and biotechnology.

We invite high-quality and original research or review papers that address new insights on this topic, regarding physiological and pathological processes, the study of hormones and their effects on growth, metabolism, reproduction, and behavior, as well as the use of reproductive biotechnology techniques in small animals.

Prof. Dr. Monica De Los Reyes
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • small animal
  • endocrinology
  • hormone regulation
  • endocrine disorders
  • reproductive physiology
  • reproductive biotechnology
  • andrology
  • pregnancy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1524 KiB  
Communication
Dynamic Expression of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Estrogen mRNA Receptors Associated with microRNAs 34a and -let-7c in Canine Follicles during the Estrous Cycle
by Monica De los Reyes, Phillip Dettleff, Jaime Palomino, Oscar A. Peralta and Ana Vergara
Animals 2024, 14(2), 214; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14020214 - 09 Jan 2024
Viewed by 815
Abstract
The genes encoding for estrogen receptor (ESR2) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) play crucial roles in ovarian follicular development. This study aimed to determine the expression levels of miRNAs predicted against FSHR and ESR2 mRNAs in follicular cells related [...] Read more.
The genes encoding for estrogen receptor (ESR2) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) play crucial roles in ovarian follicular development. This study aimed to determine the expression levels of miRNAs predicted against FSHR and ESR2 mRNAs in follicular cells related to their target genes during the estrous cycle in canines. Antral follicles were dissected from 72 ovaries following ovariohysterectomies. MiRNAs regulating FSHR and ESR2 genes were selected from miRNA databases, and mature miRNA and mRNA expression profiling was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The best miRNA for each target gene was selected considering the quantitative PCR (qPCR) performance and target prediction probability, selecting only miRNAs with a binding p-value of 1.0, and choosing cfa-miR-34a and cfa-let-7c for FSHR and ESR2, respectively. The expression levels comparing the different phases of the estrous cycle were evaluated using ANOVA. Pearson correlations between the expression pattern of each miRNA and their target genes were performed. Each miRNA and its target genes were expressed in the granulosa cells in all estrous phases. FSHR remained low in anestrus and proestrus, increased (p < 0.05) to the highest level in estrus, and decreased (p < 0.05) in diestrus. ESR2 showed the same trend as FSHR, with the highest (p < 0.05) expression in estrus and the lowest (p < 0.05) in anestrus and proestrus. A tendency for an inverse relationship was observed between the expression of miR-34a and FSHR only in the anestrus phase, while an inverse correlation (r = −0.8) was found between miRNA-7c and ESR2 (p < 0.01). The expression profile of miR-34a and miR-let-7c and their predicted target genes of dog ovarian follicles throughout the estrous cycle observed in this study suggest a role in the transcriptional regulation of FSHR and ESR2, which is the first evidence of the involvement of these miRNAs in the canine follicular function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Small Animal Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology)
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10 pages, 1127 KiB  
Article
Application of Enzyme-Linked Fluorescence Assay (ELFA) to Obtain In Vivo Matured Dog Oocytes through the Assessment of Progesterone Level
by Seunghoon Lee, Jin-Gu No, Bong-Hwan Choi, Dong-Kyo Kim, Namwoong Hyung, JongJu Park, Mi-Kyoung Choi, Dong-Hyeon Yeom, Juyoung Ji, Dong-Hoon Kim and Jae Gyu Yoo
Animals 2023, 13(11), 1885; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13111885 - 05 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1450
Abstract
Successful dog cloning requires a sufficient number of in vivo matured oocytes as recipient oocytes for reconstructing embryos. The accurate prediction of the ovulation day in estrus bitches is critical for collecting mature oocytes. Traditionally, a specific serum progesterone (P4) range in the [...] Read more.
Successful dog cloning requires a sufficient number of in vivo matured oocytes as recipient oocytes for reconstructing embryos. The accurate prediction of the ovulation day in estrus bitches is critical for collecting mature oocytes. Traditionally, a specific serum progesterone (P4) range in the radioimmunoassay (RIA) system has been used for the prediction of ovulation. In this study, we investigated the use of an enzyme-linked fluorescence assay (ELFA) system for the measurement of P4. Serum samples of estrus bitches were analyzed using both RIA and ELFA, and the measured P4 values of ELFA were sorted into 11 groups based on the standard concentration measured in RIA and compared. In addition, to examine the tendency of changes in the P4 values in each system, the P4 values on ovulation day (from D − 6 to D + 1) in both systems were compared. The ELFA range of 5.0–12.0 ng/mL was derived from the RIA standard range of 4.0–8.0 ng/mL. The rates of acquired matured oocytes in RIA and ELFA were 55.47% and 65.19%, respectively. The ELFA system successfully produced cloned puppies after the transfer of the reconstructed cloned oocytes. Our findings suggest that the ELFA system is suitable for obtaining in vivo matured oocytes for dog cloning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Small Animal Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology)
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Review

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26 pages, 2045 KiB  
Review
Molecular Factors Involved in the Reproductive Morphophysiology of Female Domestic Cat (Felis catus)
by Luciano Cardoso Santos and Juneo Freitas Silva
Animals 2023, 13(19), 3153; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13193153 - 09 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1452
Abstract
The domestic cat (Felis catus) is considered an important model for the study of feline reproductive morphophysiology. However, although the morphological changes and clinical signs that occur during the estrous cycle and pregnancy are well known, little is known about the [...] Read more.
The domestic cat (Felis catus) is considered an important model for the study of feline reproductive morphophysiology. However, although the morphological changes and clinical signs that occur during the estrous cycle and pregnancy are well known, little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in the reproductive physiology of this animal species. Thus, this paper reviews the current knowledge about the modulation and expression profile of hormonal, immunological, redox, and growth mediators involved in the uterine, ovarian, and placental morphophysiology of domestic cats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Small Animal Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology)
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Other

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7 pages, 1530 KiB  
Brief Report
Effect of a GnRH Antagonist on Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Follicular Population in Anestrous Bitches
by Cynthia Marchetti, Mariela Grisolia Romero, Marcelo Priotto, Marcela Faya and Cristina Gobello
Animals 2023, 13(15), 2511; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13152511 - 03 Aug 2023
Viewed by 927
Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe the effect of the third-generation GnRH antagonist, acyline, on ovarian follicular population and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations in female dogs. Four late anestrous bitches were administered 330 μg/kg SC acyline every 10 days for [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to describe the effect of the third-generation GnRH antagonist, acyline, on ovarian follicular population and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations in female dogs. Four late anestrous bitches were administered 330 μg/kg SC acyline every 10 days for 60 days and followed up for 45 days. Blood samples were drawn on days −1, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 for AMH determination. Then, the females were ovariectomized and the excised ovaries were gross and histologically evaluated. The total ovarian follicles were counted. None of the female dogs presented estrus during treatment. Only one bitch presented an ovulatory estrus 20 days after treatment. The total number of ovarian follicles in these bitches was 96,200.10 ± 26,125.12, with 84.13%, 11.36%, 7.8% and 0.01% corresponding to primordial, primary, secondary and antral structures, respectively. Pretreatment AMH concentrations were 0.62 ± 0.17 ng/mL. This hormone varied throughout the study period (p < 0.01), diminishing to nadir values during treatment to then rapidly recover after its effect (0.2 ± 0.05 vs. 0.67 ± 0.22 ng/mL; p < 0.01). Acyline rapidly and reversibly prevented the initiation of cycling without affecting follicle count but diminishing serum AMH concentrations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Small Animal Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Effect of a GnRH antagonist on anti-Müllerian hormone and follicular reserve in anestrous bitches
Author: Gobello
Highlights: GnRH antagonists have several applications in bitches The effect of GnRH antagonists on AMH is not known in bitches The effect of GnRH antagonists on follicular reserve is not known AMH evidences suppression and resumption of ovarian activity. Follicular count…STILL BEING PROCESSED

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