Canine and Feline Leishmaniosis: Research Advances and Diagnostic Innovations

Dear Colleagues,

Leishmaniosis is a zoonotic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, transmitted by infected female sand flies and prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Dogs are the primary domestic reservoirs; however, recent studies highlight infections in other species, particularly cats, now considered likely additional domestic reservoirs.

Progress in understanding host immunity has improved the prevention and management of canine and feline leishmaniosis. Disease progression involves a strong humoral response, suppressed cell-mediated immunity, and clinical signs, whereas resistance is characterized by minimal signs and a strong Th1-type response. Recent findings suggest that cats elicit parasite-specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

While canine leishmaniosis benefits from validated diagnostic protocols, feline diagnosis is currently more complex. Coinfections and comorbidities complicate feline diagnosis.

This Special Issue seeks to foster collaboration among scientists investigating canine and feline leishmaniosis, including its epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. We invite original research and reviews offering novel insights into Leishmania infection.

We look forward to receiving impactful contributions that advance scientific knowledge in this evolving field.

Dr. Giulia Donato
Dr. Germano Castelli
Dr. Federica Bruno
Guest Editors

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