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Animals
Special Issues
Antimicrobial Resistance and Innovative Strategies in Veterinary Medicine
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Antimicrobial Resistance and Innovative Strategies in Veterinary Medicine

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 5291

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eduarda Silveira

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Veterinary Sciences, Vasco da Gama University School, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
2. Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-458 Coimbra, Portugal
3. CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
4. Vasco da Gama Research Centre (CIVG), 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
5. CERNAS—Research Center for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; virulence factors; genetic horizontal transfer; antibiotics; biocides; antimicrobial activity; metabolites; bacteria; One Health
Dr. Tiago Lima

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-458 Coimbra, Portugal
2. Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
3. Vasco da Gama Research Centre (CIVG), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Vasco da Gama University School, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; molecular epidemiology; horizontal gene transfer; fitness cost; virulence; foodborne pathogens; Enterobacterales; acinetobacter
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce a Special Issue of the journal Animals, entitled ‘Antimicrobial Resistance and Innovative Strategies in Veterinary Medicine’.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a critical global threat, jeopardizing the effectiveness of treatments across species and triggering cascading risks to food safety, animal welfare, and public health. Tackling this multifaceted challenge requires a comprehensive 'One Health' approach, promoting cross-disciplinary and cross-sector collaboration to devise effective and sustainable solutions.

The inappropriate or excessive use of antimicrobials in human and veterinary medicine has been identified as a key driver in the emergence and dissemination of multidrug-resistant profiles in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria.

To address the spread of AMR, various strategies have been adopted, including legislative actions that restrict the prescription of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine and control their use across different animal species.

This Special Issue invites original research papers and reviews on the epidemiology and surveillance of AMR, including the genetic characterization, evolutionary pathways, and clone stability of bacteria from diverse animal species. It also highlights recent advancements in innovative approaches, alongside significant improvements in diagnostic tools for AMR detection and monitoring.

By fostering research and innovation, this collection aims to contribute to the global efforts against AMR and ensure the long-term effectiveness of antimicrobials for future generations.

Dr. Eduarda Silveira
Dr. Tiago Lima
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance
  • veterinary medicine
  • antimicrobial stewardship
  • bacteria
  • genetics and genomics
  • food safety
  • antimicrobial therapies
  • diagnostics tools
  • public health

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 1310 KB  
Article
Antimicrobial Resistant Isolates in Surgical and Bite Wounds in Dogs and Cats: A 12-Year Retrospective Analysis
by Davide Danieli, Michela Amadori, Sara Crimi, Federica Pregnolato, Chiara Caruso, Graziana Gambino, Giovanni Re and Cristina Vercelli
Animals 2026, 16(3), 501; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16030501 - 5 Feb 2026
Viewed by 720
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasingly concern in both human and veterinary medicine, complicating the management of common clinical infections. Surgical site infections (SSIs) and bite wounds in pets are especially challenging due to their polymicrobial nature and multidrug-resistant strains. Laboratory records from [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasingly concern in both human and veterinary medicine, complicating the management of common clinical infections. Surgical site infections (SSIs) and bite wounds in pets are especially challenging due to their polymicrobial nature and multidrug-resistant strains. Laboratory records from a referral veterinary hospital in northwestern Italy were retrospectively analyzed. Bacterial cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results from canine and feline surgical and bite wounds collected between 2013 and 2024 were reviewed. Data were analyzed descriptively to identify bacterial distribution and resistance trends. A total of 35 isolates (23 dogs; 12 cats) were obtained from 26 surgical and 9 bite wounds. In dogs, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius were most frequently identified. In cats, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, and Pasteurella multocida predominated. High resistance rates were recorded for amoxicillin–clavulanate, cephalexin, enrofloxacin, and marbofloxacin. Methicillin resistance emerged in most Staphylococcus aureus and several S. pseudintermedius isolates, while subsets of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were ESBL. Resistance to carbapenems remained low. Although samples were limited, these findings underscore the ongoing impact of AMR in surgical and bite wounds and highlight the importance of implementing rigorous antimicrobial stewardship practices in veterinary medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance and Innovative Strategies in Veterinary Medicine)
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12 pages, 434 KB  
Article
Third-Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacterales and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Pigs in Rwanda
by Emmanuel Irimaso, Valens Hagenimana, Emmanuel Nzabamwita, Michael Blümlinger, Otto W. Fischer, Lukas Schwarz, Michael P. Szostak, Olga Makarova, Adriana Cabal Rosel, Werner Ruppitsch, Elke Müller, Andrea T. Feßler, Sascha D. Braun, Stefan Schwarz, Stefan Monecke, Ralf Ehricht, Suzana Tkalcic, Christophe Ntakirutimana, Joachim Spergser, Doris Verhovsek and Igor Loncaricadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Animals 2026, 16(1), 122; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16010122 - 31 Dec 2025
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Abstract
This pilot study investigated the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GC-R) Enterobacterales in conventionally kept domestic pigs and their environment across four districts in Rwanda. A total of 114 swabs (nasal, rectal, manure, dust) from 29 farms were collected [...] Read more.
This pilot study investigated the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GC-R) Enterobacterales in conventionally kept domestic pigs and their environment across four districts in Rwanda. A total of 114 swabs (nasal, rectal, manure, dust) from 29 farms were collected and processed to isolate resistant bacteria. Thirty-two 3GC-R Enterobacterales were detected. Escherichia coli predominantly harboring blaCTX-M group 1 β-lactamase genes, alongside Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, all displaying extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes. Four MRSA isolates, all belonging to clonal complex 398 and SCCmec type IV, the typical livestock MRSA, were recovered from nasal and environmental samples. Multidrug resistance was frequently observed. The co-occurrence of β-lactamase genes, non-β-lactam resistance genes, and virulence factors such as fimH and loci associated with extraintestinal pathogenic and enteropathogenic E. coli. The detection of both MRSA and 3GC-R Enterobacterales in the present study indicates pigs and their farm environments as reservoirs of WHO priority pathogens in Rwanda, highlighting a potential public health risk in the context of extensive human–animal–environment interaction. These findings emphasize the urgent need for integrated One Health surveillance and comprehensive AMR control strategies addressing both animal and environmental reservoirs to support Rwanda’s National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance and Innovative Strategies in Veterinary Medicine)
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12 pages, 474 KB  
Article
Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Harbouring the CS31A Virulence Factor in Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea in Central France
by Clémence Provost, Hadjila Yanes, Guillaume Mosnier, Tiago Lima, Gabriela Jorge da Silva, Ana Rita Pedro, Maria José Saavedra and Eduarda Silveira
Animals 2025, 15(19), 2844; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15192844 - 29 Sep 2025
Viewed by 1056
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a significant cause of Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea (NCD). Its extensive antigenic diversity, coupled with the ability to acquire antimicrobial resistance determinants, hampers treatment effectiveness and compromises the control measures. This study investigated the link between the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) [...] Read more.
Escherichia coli is a significant cause of Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea (NCD). Its extensive antigenic diversity, coupled with the ability to acquire antimicrobial resistance determinants, hampers treatment effectiveness and compromises the control measures. This study investigated the link between the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli and virulence factors (VFs) in NCD from central France (Departments of Cantal, Haute-Loire, Loire, and Puy-de-Dôme), between 2016 and 2022. E. coli was identified at TERANA Laboratories, France, using API 20E (BioMérieux®) and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Virulence factors, namely adhesins, were assessed with the slide agglutination method, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted across various antimicrobial classes. Out of 2367 E. coli strains isolated from cases of NCD, a high percentage were resistant to aminopenicillins (88.8%), aminoglycosides (89.1%), tetracyclines (79.7%), quinolones (48.4%), and sulphonamides (42.4%). More than half (58.6%) carried VFs, and 84.9% exhibited MDR profile, of which 61.34% (1233/2010) also harboured VFs. The adhesin CS31A-producing E. coli was the most prevalent, followed by the fimbrial adhesins F5 and F17 (60.8%, 20.0%, and 8.3%, respectively), all of which were associated with a high prevalence of MDR strains (79.1–93.9%). The highest occurrence of MDR profiles was observed in E. coli strains carrying CS31A and in those lacking VFs, both groups showing co-resistance to aminopenicillins, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines or sulphonamides. The calf production sector may act as a reservoir for MDR E. coli strains, regardless of the presence of VFs, posing a major threat to public health and safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance and Innovative Strategies in Veterinary Medicine)
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15 pages, 638 KB  
Article
Insights into Molecular Profiles, Resistance Patterns, and Virulence Traits of Staphylococci from Companion Dogs in Angola
by Romay Coragem da Costa, Francisca Guerra Cunha, Raquel Abreu, Gonçalo Pereira, Catarina Geraldes, Eva Cunha, Lélia Chambel and Manuela Oliveira
Animals 2025, 15(7), 1043; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15071043 - 4 Apr 2025
Viewed by 1694
Abstract
Staphylococci are prevalent in dogs’ microbiota, with commensal strains being able to exhibit resistance and virulence traits, complicating secondary infection management. As antimicrobial resistance is a global threat, particularly in middle-income countries like Angola, surveillance of resistant bacteria is crucial. We analyzed the [...] Read more.
Staphylococci are prevalent in dogs’ microbiota, with commensal strains being able to exhibit resistance and virulence traits, complicating secondary infection management. As antimicrobial resistance is a global threat, particularly in middle-income countries like Angola, surveillance of resistant bacteria is crucial. We analyzed the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence profiles of staphylococci from dogs in Angola. Isolates were identified using VITEK® 2 Compact (bioMérieux© SA, Marcy l’Etoile, France), and their genetic diversity was assessed via PCR fingerprinting. Isolates’ susceptibility to relevant antimicrobials was determined by disk diffusion, and their virulence profiles were evaluated using plaque assays. The relationship between antibiotic resistance and animal-related factors was also assessed by statistical analysis. Isolates were identified as Mammaliicoccus sciuri (former Staphylococcus sciuri, 38%), Staphylococcus xylosus (30%), Staphylococcus equorum (13%), Mammaliicoccus vitulinus (former Staphylococcus vitulinus, 7%), Mammaliicoccus lentus (former Staphylococcus lentus, 5%), Staphylococcus aureus (2%), and Staphylococcus spp. (5%). Of these, 86% were resistant to at least one of the antimicrobials tested, and 30% were classified as multidrug-resistant, being more common in females, dogs with clinical signs of disease, and vaccinated animals. Moreover, 93% of the isolates were able to produce biofilm, 46% could produce lecithinase and gelatinase, and 23% could produce hemolysins. Companion dogs from Angola can carry resistant staphylococci able to express several virulence factors, potentially representing a One Health risk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance and Innovative Strategies in Veterinary Medicine)
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