Physiological and Genetic Improvement of Crop Traits in Enhancing Crop Resilience

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Breeding and Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 September 2025 | Viewed by 393

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, No.189, Zhongzheng Rd., Wufeng Dist., Taichung City 413008, Taiwan
Interests: core collection; QTL mapping; genome-wide association studies; rice breeding; weedy rice; marker-assisted selection

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Guest Editor
Research Center for Irrigation and Water Management, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Anna-Liget Str. 35, 5540 Szarvas, Hungary
Interests: Plant stress; genetics; rice

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Crop improvement has evolved significantly, as evidenced by the shift from traditional physiological approaches to advanced genetic techniques. Initially, crop enhancement relied on conventional breeding methods, which, while effective, required a lot of time. The advent of genetic engineering has revolutionized this field by enabling gene transfer between unrelated species, thereby expanding the genetic resources available for crop improvement. This technology has facilitated the development of transgenic crops, such as maize and soybean, which exhibit traits like pest and herbicide resistance, enhancing their agricultural value and adaptability. Moreover, genetic modifications aimed at improving resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses are crucial for ensuring crop resilience in changing environmental conditions. These modifications often involve altering seed protein compositions, nutritional value, and overall crop performance, directly addressing the demands of modern agriculture. As a result, the integration of physiological insights with genetic advancements has led to more predictable and sustainable crop improvement strategies, ultimately leading to benefits regarding food security and agricultural sustainability. Therefore, in this Special Issue, we would like to foreground scientific research papers that could assist further development sin this complex field of research.

We welcome the submission of all types of articles published by Agronomy that cover the following topics (though the below list is not exhaustive):

  • Plant breeding aimed at modifying one or more plant traits and exploring beneficial genes from genetic resources/crop germplasm. Beside conventional breeding and selection methods, the discussion of new trends like digital applications, remote sensing, etc., is also welcome.
  • Plant physiology, which focuses on improving responses to stresses or adapting to agricultural and industrial requirements.
  • Genetic transformation and modification, which may affect plant stress responses, hormonal regulation, disease resistance, and yield.
  • Genes which are regulators of physiological components such as yield and relate to specific processes that help determine crop yield. We seek contributions that highlight the importance of understanding these processes for effective crop improvement.

Dr. Dong-Hong Wu
Dr. Árpád Székely
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • genetic resource
  • crop development
  • gene mapping
  • genome selection

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

23 pages, 3400 KiB  
Review
Nitric Oxide in Plant Cold Stress: Functions, Mechanisms and Challenges
by Jing Cui, Mengxiao Huang, Jin Qi, Wenjin Yu and Changxia Li
Agronomy 2025, 15(5), 1072; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15051072 - 28 Apr 2025
Viewed by 184
Abstract
Cold stress, as an environmental factor that seriously restricts the growth, production and survival of plants, has received extensive attention in recent years. Nitric oxide (NO), as an important bioactive molecule, has emerged as a research focus in the domain of alleviating plant [...] Read more.
Cold stress, as an environmental factor that seriously restricts the growth, production and survival of plants, has received extensive attention in recent years. Nitric oxide (NO), as an important bioactive molecule, has emerged as a research focus in the domain of alleviating plant cold damage. In this review, the role of NO in enhancing plant cold tolerance and its underlying mechanisms, including interactions with signaling molecules, are discussed more extensively, and novel research directions and prospects are proposed according to existing research gaps. Interestingly, exogenous NO mitigates cold stress by strengthening antioxidant defense mechanisms, raising proline levels, enhancing photosynthetic capacity, and regulating glucose metabolism. More importantly, NO also interacts with cytoplasmic calcium ions (Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), melatonin (MT), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ETH) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). At the same time, in the process of NO alleviating cold stress, it regulates the expression of NO synthesis genes, cold response genes and antioxidant related genes, thereby improving the cold tolerance of plants, which may involve epigenetic reprogramming. This paper also points out the problems existing in the current research and the potential of NO in agricultural practice, and provides relevant theoretical references for future research in this field. Full article
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