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Agronomy
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Effect of Climatic Factors on the Phenological Properties of Horticulture...
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Effect of Climatic Factors on the Phenological Properties of Horticulture Cultivars

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural and Floricultural Crops".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2023) | Viewed by 6880

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Sina Cosmulescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Horticulture & Food Science, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
Interests: horticulture; fruit species; ecology; biodiversity; climate change impact and phenology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Phenology is the study of periodic biological events in the plant world that are influenced by the environment. Plant phenology is a fundamental bioindicator of climate change. The observed and predicted changes in plant distribution and phenology have major implications for various ecological and evolutionary phenomena, including ecosystem productivity, species interactions, community structure, and the conservation of biodiversity. Horticultural crops are an important resource for the study of phenology. The purpose of this Special Issue is to contribute to the dissemination of new knowledge and results related to the effect of climatic factors on the phenological properties of horticultural crops. New contributions are expected with regard to the behavior of some horticultural species and varieties, cultivated in different areas, regarding their phenology and response to climate change. New results, from robust varieties to climate change and the current needs of society, are welcome. Current requirements include the adaptability of varieties in order to achieve sustainable and competitive ecosystems.

Prof. Dr. Sina Cosmulescu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • phenology
  • climate change
  • horticultural crops

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1659 KiB  
Article
Physiological and Metabolic Changes in ‘Xinyu Mandarin’ Following Natural Tetraploidization
by Yuting Wang, Shuilin Wan, Yuqing Tang, Huidong Yang, Chao Xu, Xincheng Liu, Zhongdong Hu and Xinlong Hu
Agronomy 2023, 13(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010029 - 22 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1250
Abstract
The mandarin is an important fruit crop worldwide, and ‘Xinyu mandarin’—a local Citrus reticulata variety—is widely cultivated in Jiangxi Province, in China. Autopolyploidy has frequently been used for the improvement of crop varieties. In a previous study, we identified a tetraploid (4X) material [...] Read more.
The mandarin is an important fruit crop worldwide, and ‘Xinyu mandarin’—a local Citrus reticulata variety—is widely cultivated in Jiangxi Province, in China. Autopolyploidy has frequently been used for the improvement of crop varieties. In a previous study, we identified a tetraploid (4X) material of ‘Xinyu mandarin’ generated from its diploid (2X) mother seedling via a spontaneous mutation. However, the physiological and metabolic variations after polyploidy are not clear enough, which is not conducive to the early screening. In the present study, we analyzed the morphological, physiological, and metabolic differences between the tetraploid and diploid plants. The tetraploids had larger and thicker leaves, and the activities of key enzymes in photosynthesis, the total chlorophyll, phenolic, and proline contents, were all higher in tetraploids. In the non-targeted metabolomic profile, a total of 522 metabolites were identified, of which 61 were significantly different between diploids and tetraploids. The differential metabolites included similar proportions of primary and secondary metabolites, and most of these were up-regulated in tetraploids, especially stress-related metabolites such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and so on, indicating that tetraploids may possess better stress tolerance ability and vigor. Therefore, the tetraploids of ‘Xinyu mandarin’ may serve as an excellent female parent for the improvement of citrus varieties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Climatic Factors on the Phenological Properties of Horticulture Cultivars)
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12 pages, 328 KiB  
Article
Future Emission Scenario Effects on Melon Cultivars (Cucumis melo L.) in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region
by Talyana Kadja de Melo, José Espínola Sobrinho, José Franscimar de Medeiros, Vladimir Batista Figueiredo, Edmilson Gomes Cavalcante Junior, Tayd Dayvison Custódio Peixoto and Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá
Agronomy 2022, 12(11), 2890; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112890 - 18 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1710
Abstract
Future emission scenarios can interfere with the yield of major crops. In this study, we investigated the future impact of increased air temperature and relative humidity on melon phenology and water demand in the Brazilian semi-arid region. We applied the PRECIS (Providing Regional [...] Read more.
Future emission scenarios can interfere with the yield of major crops. In this study, we investigated the future impact of increased air temperature and relative humidity on melon phenology and water demand in the Brazilian semi-arid region. We applied the PRECIS (Providing Regional Climates for Impact Studies) climatological model to develop the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emission scenarios—B2 optimistic emission scenario and A2 pessimistic emission scenario—and we assessed the climate change effects on the phenology and water demand of two melon cultivars. The “Orange County” hybrid, the Honeydew melon, grew from 2006–2007, and the “Néctar” hybrid, the Galia melon, grew in 2008. These cultivars were also considered using the actual emission scenario. We found that the B2 and A2 emission scenarios will cause a cycle decrease of 15.49 and 25.35% for the “Orange County” hybrid and a 9.84 and 18.03% decrease for the “Néctar” hybrid. Future changes to the climate will increase the melon crop coefficient and daily rate of evapotranspiration. Regarding the “Orange County” hybrid, the cycle shortening overcomes the daily water demand increases, decreasing water demand by 13.7–18.3%. Regarding the “Néctar” hybrid, cycle shortening will be proportional to the increase in water demand. The Honeydew melon will be more sensitive to air temperature and relative humidity increases than the Galia melon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Climatic Factors on the Phenological Properties of Horticulture Cultivars)
10 pages, 1097 KiB  
Communication
The Influence of Variety and Climatic Year on the Phenology of Blueberry Grown in the Banat Area, Romania
by Sina Cosmulescu, Maria Marina Merca Laies and Veronica Sărățeanu
Agronomy 2022, 12(11), 2605; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112605 - 23 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1817
Abstract
This paper’s aim was to investigate the influence of variety and the climatic year on vegetation phenophases in blueberries grown in southwest Romania, the Banat region. This study was carried out during the growing season of 2020–2022 in a blueberry plantation, for ‘Duke’, [...] Read more.
This paper’s aim was to investigate the influence of variety and the climatic year on vegetation phenophases in blueberries grown in southwest Romania, the Banat region. This study was carried out during the growing season of 2020–2022 in a blueberry plantation, for ‘Duke’, ‘Hannah’s Choice’ and ‘Elliott’ varieties. In the study, phenological traits were recorded using the BBCH phenological scale and the observation of phenotypic data was recorded as in Julian days. Thus, it is found that the duration of each phenophase characterized each variety. The calendar periods for the onset of vegetation and the duration of spring phenological development stages in varieties have differed from year to year and depended on weather conditions. In the case of the phenological stage, depending on variety, the maximum amplitude was recorded for BBCH 87 stage (75% blue fruits) of 51 days, and the minimum amplitude, of 25 days, for BBCH 51 stage (bud swell) and BBCH 59 (late pink bud). The coefficient of variation, depending on climatic year, for generative phenophases, had values between 6.5% (BBCH 67-petal fall) and 21.1% (BBCH 51-bud swell). It was found that the variety and the climatic year influence the development of vegetation phenophases. The results indicate that blueberry cultivars have demonstrated a high degree of phenotypic plasticity to respond to gradual changes in environmental conditions and are important for the evaluation of cultivar cultivation prospects in the studied area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Climatic Factors on the Phenological Properties of Horticulture Cultivars)
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12 pages, 1540 KiB  
Communication
Decisive Climatic Factors for Production of Bioactive Saponarin-Rich Barley Sprouts: A Study of Seasonal Effect
by Young-Eun Yoon, Hyeonji Choe, Vimalraj Kantharaj, Woo Duck Seo, Jin Hwan Lee, Mi Sun Cheong, Keum-Ah Lee, Young-Nam Kim and Yong Bok Lee
Agronomy 2022, 12(9), 2056; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12092056 - 29 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1309
Abstract
Saponarin content in barley sprouts may vary greatly with environmental conditions, such as climate, leading to difficulty in uniformly producing saponarin-rich barley sprouts in situ farmlands throughout the year. This research was an early attempt to identify the optimal conditions of various climatic [...] Read more.
Saponarin content in barley sprouts may vary greatly with environmental conditions, such as climate, leading to difficulty in uniformly producing saponarin-rich barley sprouts in situ farmlands throughout the year. This research was an early attempt to identify the optimal conditions of various climatic factors, such as temperature, light, and humidity according to seasonal change, for maximizing the saponarin content of sprouted barley through the two-year field experiment. As a result, the growth index, as leaf length relative to growth period, of barley sprouts varied greatly with sowing time, and they tended to decrease with an increase in the ambient temperature, such as average daily temperature. In contrast, higher saponarin contents were observed in the sprouts collected in March, April, September, and October than those collected from May to August. We also found significantly positive correlations of saponarin content with daily temperature range and average light period, indicating that they could be decisive climatic factors for the production of barley sprouts with a higher saponarin content. Interestingly, the polynomial relationship between saponarin yield and leaf length showed the highest yield with 2.18 mg plant−1 at 15.9 cm in length, suggesting a best cutting time for the production of saponarin-rich barely sprouts based on the leaf length. Overall, the decisive climatic factors according to seasonal change for saponarin biosynthesis may be considered to be daily temperature differences and light hours. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Climatic Factors on the Phenological Properties of Horticulture Cultivars)
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