Recent Advances in Applied Activated Carbon Research

A special issue of ChemEngineering (ISSN 2305-7084).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2025) | Viewed by 2918

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Civil Engineering Science, School of Civil Engineering, and the Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, P.O. Box 524, Aukland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
2. Directorate of Engineering the Future, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Newton Building, Greater Manchester M5 4WT, UK
3. Department of Town Planning, Engineering Networks and Systems, South Ural State University (National Research University), 76, Lenin Prospekt, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
4. Nexus by Sweden, Skepparbacken 5, 722 11 Västerås, Sweden
Interests: sustainability; environmental engineering; agricultural engineering; environmental science; water resource management; agricultural water management; nature-based solution; pollution control; biological filtration; wastewater treatment; decision support system; treatment wetland; integrated constructed wetland; storm water management; sustainable flood retention basin; dam risk failure; sustainable drainage system; climate change adaptation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The sustainable, effective and cost-efficient treatment of liquids and gases has become a challenge in many sectors, such as in water utilities and in the oil and gas industry. Advanced processing technologies with innovative materials such as activated carbon and biochar have become more attractive in modern water, environmental and chemical engineering applications. One example is the application of activated carbon filters for the fourth treatment stage in water treatment plants to remove per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (known as PFAS).

Today, like never before, questions arise regarding the quality of the activated carbon product’s surface after its development and enhancement via additive manufacturing methods such as coatings for the targeted removal of specific chemicals. Therefore, the creation of efficient carbon molecular sieve membranes is an example of a real challenge in industry.

Fundamental challenges with the thermal decomposition and mechanical destruction of innovative multicomponent carbon-based materials and coatings need to be addressed to move the science and industry forward. In addition, the issues of in situ monitoring, diagnostics and improvements to the performance of sustainable technologies, such as biological regeneration methods, deserve special attention.

The latest achievements regarding the advanced processing technologies of innovative carbon-based materials have become a relevant topic in the most authoritative scientific journals. In addition, progressive achievements have received awards at prestigious competitions and at international scientific events. Moreover, the activated carbon industry has also discovered the use of more sustainable materials and their contribution to the sustainable development goals as additional performance indicators to adjust their sourcing strategy and energy-intensive production processes.

This Special Issue is devoted to the most recent advances and achievements in the field of applied activated carbon research. Welcome are contributions to novel application technologies such as more sustainable adsorbers and multi-stage fluidized bed reactors, as well as the biological regeneration of activated carbon and new products including biochars and carbon molecular sieve membranes. Clean product development methods and strategies in chemical, water and biogas engineering are welcome, and environmental monitoring methods and the results of the water and gas phases are of interest.

The Special Issue will have two sections: fundamentals and recent research advances. In section one, a third of the articles may comprise teaching papers, handbooks, short communications from the community and review articles to explain the basic applications, technologies, processes, methods and material characteristics to readers from different backgrounds. The other two thirds of the articles should be technical and full research papers focusing on advanced topics characterized by the keywords found below.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Technologies and Joint Special Issue in Clean Technologies.

Yours sincerely,

Prof. Dr. Miklas Scholz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • activated carbon
  • application technology
  • biochar and biogas
  • biological regeneration of activated carbon
  • bioreactor
  • business development
  • carbon-based materials and carbon molecular sieve membrane
  • chemical engineering and clean technologies
  • design of adsorbers; environmental monitoring
  • gas phase and material science
  • multi-stage fluidized bed reactor
  • novel technologies
  • PFASS and reactivation
  • sustainable development
  • trinkwasser and water phase

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 4086 KB  
Article
Activated Carbons for Bone Cell Growth: Structural Properties and Biological Interactions
by Damião de Carvalho Pereira, Drielli Viana Souza, Ayres Fernando Rodrigues, Gisele Amaral-Labat, Patrícia Almeida-Mattos, Guilherme Frederico Bernardo Lenz e Silva, Flavia Lega Braghiroli, Ana Paula Ligeiro de Oliveira, José Antônio Silva Júnior, Stella Regina Zamuner, Vanessa Fierro, Alain Celzard and Rodrigo Labat Marcos
ChemEngineering 2025, 9(6), 139; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering9060139 - 9 Dec 2025
Viewed by 190
Abstract
Having high porosity and biocompatibility, carbon-based materials are promising candidates for tissue engineering applications, particularly as substitutes for biological tissues. This study investigates the growth and viability of osteoblasts on four different activated carbon (AC) materials and correlates biological responses with their physicochemical [...] Read more.
Having high porosity and biocompatibility, carbon-based materials are promising candidates for tissue engineering applications, particularly as substitutes for biological tissues. This study investigates the growth and viability of osteoblasts on four different activated carbon (AC) materials and correlates biological responses with their physicochemical and morphological properties. Two materials derived from non-renewable sources—AC1, a laboratory-synthesized carbon derived from anthracite, and AC3, a commercial activated carbon (Norit GCN 830) derived from coal—and two commercial activated carbons derived from renewable sources—peat, AC2 (Norit PK1-3), and wood, AC4 (ROX 0.8)—are studied. Results showed that AC1 exhibited the highest porosity (3072 m2/g), with higher phenolic and oxygen-containing surface groups but lower cell viability. In contrast, AC2, AC3, and AC4 displayed lower porosity compared to AC1 (755, 1040, and 1083 m2/g, respectively) and fewer surface phenolic groups but sustained osteoblast proliferation. Notably, AC4 demonstrated superior performance, characterized by regions of fibrous surface, pores in the meso- and microscale range (<50 nm), and enhanced cell viability and proliferation. AC2 also showed favorable results, ranking second for cell growth support. These findings suggest that biomass-derived ACs, particularly AC4 and AC2, provide favorable environments for osteoblast viability and proliferation. AC costs were estimated at 15 to 38 times lower than those for hydroxyapatite and bioceramics, which are widely used for bone cell growth. Thus, ACs made from renewable sources are promising candidates for tissue engineering applications, offering sustainable and effective alternatives for biomedical use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Applied Activated Carbon Research)
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31 pages, 9106 KB  
Article
Thermodynamic Analysis of Cyclic Operation of On-Board Nanoporous Carbon-Based Adsorbed Methane Storage Tank with Various Thermal Control Systems
by Sergey S. Chugaev, Ilya E. Men’shchikov, Igor D. Shelyakin, Evgeny M. Strizhenov, Alexander E. Grinchenko, Andrey V. Shkolin and Anatoly A. Fomkin
ChemEngineering 2024, 8(6), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering8060128 - 10 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1656
Abstract
Thermal effects of adsorption and desorption, leading to temperature fluctuations and losses of adsorption storage systems capacity in the processes of gas charging and discharging, are the main obstacle to the wide practical application of adsorbed natural gas (ANG) technology. This work presents [...] Read more.
Thermal effects of adsorption and desorption, leading to temperature fluctuations and losses of adsorption storage systems capacity in the processes of gas charging and discharging, are the main obstacle to the wide practical application of adsorbed natural gas (ANG) technology. This work presents a numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer processes under various cyclic operation modes of a full-scale adsorption storage tank with various thermal control systems. The high-density monolithic adsorbent KS-HAM, obtained on the basis of industrial activated carbon KS-HA, was used as the adsorption material. The phase composition, surface morphology, and porous structure of the sorbents were studied. The adsorption of methane on the KS-HA adsorbent was measured. It is shown that increasing the duration of charging leads to obtaining additional capacity of the ANG system; however, the final efficiency and benefit at the end of the charging–discharging cycle are determined by the efficiency of the thermal control system and the gas-discharging mode. It has been shown that the presence of a finned thermal control system allows for charging the adsorption storage tank 3–8 times faster and provides an 8–24% greater amount of gas discharged at the discharging stage compared to the ANG system without fins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Applied Activated Carbon Research)
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