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Review

The Role of Amino Acid Glycine on Cardiovascular Health and Its Beneficial Effects: A Narrative Review

by
Gabriela Elizabeth Quintanilla-Villanueva
1,
Melissa Marlene Rodríguez-Delgado
2,3,
Juan Francisco Villarreal-Chiu
2,3,
Edgar Allan Blanco-Gámez
2,3 and
Donato Luna-Moreno
1,*
1
Photonics Division, Research Center in Optics, Loma del Bosque 115, Col. Lomas del Campestre, León 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico
2
Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Nuevo León, Mexico
3
Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Km. 10 Autopista al Aeropuerto Internacional Mariano Escobedo, Apodaca 66629, Nuevo León, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Vasc. Dis. 2024, 3(2), 201-211; https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd3020016
Submission received: 29 January 2024 / Revised: 1 May 2024 / Accepted: 4 June 2024 / Published: 6 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Cardiovascular Diseases)
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Highlights

Why amino acid glycine is so important for cardiovascular health?
  • Glycine, the simplest proteinogenic amino acid, exhibits significant metabolic and bioactive properties;
  • Emerging evidence suggests glycine may be a conditionally essential amino acid under specific physiological conditions;
  • Glycine administration shows promise in mitigating risks and symptoms associated with acute myocardial infarction, aortic conditions, endothelial dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, and insulin resistance, among other cardio-metabolic disorders;
  • Glycine enhances glutathione production, reduces oxidative stress, and improves mitochondrial function and inflammation, offering therapeutic potential for aging- and age-related diseases;
  • Its multifaceted benefits suggest new therapeutic applications for cardiovascular health and systemic disorders.

Abstract

Glycine, a simple amino acid, is not only essential due to its potential insufficiency in vivo, but also has significant metabolic functions. It serves as a crucial building block for proteins. At the same time, as a bioactive molecule, it regulates gene expression for cytoprotection, protein configuration and activity, and other critical biological processes, including glutathione synthesis. The intriguing, beneficial effects of glycine in medical applications have piqued the research community’s interest in recent decades. This work delves into the compelling discoveries about the pivotal role of glycine in cardiovascular health and its intricate mechanisms of action for alleviating several medical conditions. Glycine’s broad spectrum of impact spans numerous diseases, encompassing not only acute myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, and cardiac hypertrophy, but also transplant rejections of aortic allografts, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction, thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of its medical applications.
Keywords: glycine; cardio-metabolic protection; cardio-metabolic diseases; cardiovascular health glycine; cardio-metabolic protection; cardio-metabolic diseases; cardiovascular health

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MDPI and ACS Style

Quintanilla-Villanueva, G.E.; Rodríguez-Delgado, M.M.; Villarreal-Chiu, J.F.; Blanco-Gámez, E.A.; Luna-Moreno, D. The Role of Amino Acid Glycine on Cardiovascular Health and Its Beneficial Effects: A Narrative Review. J. Vasc. Dis. 2024, 3, 201-211. https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd3020016

AMA Style

Quintanilla-Villanueva GE, Rodríguez-Delgado MM, Villarreal-Chiu JF, Blanco-Gámez EA, Luna-Moreno D. The Role of Amino Acid Glycine on Cardiovascular Health and Its Beneficial Effects: A Narrative Review. Journal of Vascular Diseases. 2024; 3(2):201-211. https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd3020016

Chicago/Turabian Style

Quintanilla-Villanueva, Gabriela Elizabeth, Melissa Marlene Rodríguez-Delgado, Juan Francisco Villarreal-Chiu, Edgar Allan Blanco-Gámez, and Donato Luna-Moreno. 2024. "The Role of Amino Acid Glycine on Cardiovascular Health and Its Beneficial Effects: A Narrative Review" Journal of Vascular Diseases 3, no. 2: 201-211. https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd3020016

APA Style

Quintanilla-Villanueva, G. E., Rodríguez-Delgado, M. M., Villarreal-Chiu, J. F., Blanco-Gámez, E. A., & Luna-Moreno, D. (2024). The Role of Amino Acid Glycine on Cardiovascular Health and Its Beneficial Effects: A Narrative Review. Journal of Vascular Diseases, 3(2), 201-211. https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd3020016

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