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Network, Volume 6, Issue 3

2026 September - 40 articles

Cover Story: The growth of cloud services and immersive services imposes increasingly demanding requirements on access networks. The integration of IoT devices in smart buildings further increases the need for high throughput, low latency, and reliable connectivity. Traditional Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) networks with a single access point (AP) become limited with high device density. Fiber-to-the-Room (FTTR) brings fiber optics to every room. This work presents a framework for comparative analysis of FTTR and FTTH networks, balancing transmission quality, energy efficiency, and perceived user experience. In high device density scenarios, FTTR reduces packet loss from 52.69% to less than 0.08%, reduces latency from 151 ms to less than 2 ms, and maintains QoE above 0.974, compared to 0.27 in FTTH with a single AP. View this paper
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Articles (40)

  • Article
  • Open Access
535 Views
25 Pages

SNMP Exposure Within Corporate Networks

  • Pelayo Nuño,
  • David Álvarez,
  • Alicia Flórez,
  • Francisco G. Bulnes and
  • Juan C. Granda

21 September 2026

The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) remains the de facto standard for monitoring corporate networks. However, many devices lack support for its latest version, and common administrator misconfigurations expose organizations to severe securi...

(This article belongs to the Collection Advanced Technologies in Network and Service Management, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
356 Views
56 Pages

Machine-Learned Mismatch and Task Preservation Beliefs in CoSMA DAI for Common Knowledge Aware Semantic Alignment

  • Iacovos Ioannou,
  • Christophoros Christophorou,
  • Marios Raspopoulos and
  • Vasos Vassiliou

17 September 2026

Correct packet delivery does not guarantee correct semantic interpretation when endpoint meanings for the same learned codeword diverge. CoSMA DAI is proposed for mismatch detection, protected confirmation, task preservation and semantic repair. Chan...

(This article belongs to the Topic Challenges and Future Trends of Wireless Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
365 Views
31 Pages

16 September 2026

Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) information and communication systems are widely used to enhance the resilience of wireless networks to interference. The effectiveness of traditional algorithms is significantly reduced in the presence of act...

  • Article
  • Open Access
538 Views
32 Pages

Measurement-Driven Modeling of End-to-End Latency in an Indoor Private Standalone 5G Network

  • Osman Bodur,
  • Sami Çağlayan,
  • Neslihan Demir,
  • Günther Poszvek and
  • Friedrich Bleicher

15 September 2026

This paper presents a measurement-driven study of end-to-end latency in an indoor private standalone 5G network deployed at TU Wien IFT TEC-Lab. The testbed combines pico radio units, edge computing resources, and a local 5G core to form a campus-sca...

  • Article
  • Open Access
480 Views
20 Pages

Multi-Layer Network Optimization of Data Centers Siting and Capacity Development

  • Amirhosein Gholami,
  • Kshitija Chinchkar and
  • Nasim Nezamoddini

14 September 2026

The rapid growth of artificial intelligence applications and digital ecosystems, especially in industry, has highlighted the need for proposing new data centers. Data center siting requires consideration of many different factors including power grid...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
485 Views
47 Pages

10 September 2026

Background: Internet of Things (IoT) deployments face complex network dependencies and persistent data limitations that constrain machine learning (ML) intrusion detection systems (IDS). Objective: To synthesise peer-reviewed machine learning IDS res...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advancements in Machine Learning Applications for Cybersecurity)
  • Review
  • Open Access
496 Views
23 Pages

Secure Programming and Secure Design in DevSecOps: A Literature-Based Conceptual Synthesis

  • Faisal A. Al-Qadda,
  • Abdulaziz Y. Alhumaidi and
  • Nazar Abbas Saqib

9 September 2026

Secure programming and secure design are often managed as separate activities, leaving a gap between architectural intent and the implementation that reaches production. This paper presents a structured conceptual synthesis of twenty core publication...

  • Article
  • Open Access
399 Views
30 Pages

Sentinel: Proactive Elastic Controller Scaling with MARL-Guided Load Redistribution for Resilient SD-WANs

  • Abdulrahman M. Abdulghani,
  • Azizol Abdullah,
  • Amir Rizaan Abdul Rahiman,
  • Nor Asilah Wati Abdul Hamid and
  • Bilal Omar Akram

9 September 2026

Controller placement in software-defined wide area networks (SD-WANs) is commonly optimized assuming continuously available controllers, leaving the control plane vulnerable to overload and abrupt reassignment after controller unavailability. This pa...

(This article belongs to the Collection Advanced Technologies in Network and Service Management, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
498 Views
29 Pages

8 September 2026

In current state-of-the-art intrusion detection systems (IDSs), models are trained to detect the repetitive behavior of data traffic. This leads to the problem of ignoring rare yet important attacks. To solve the problem stated above, a risk-gated se...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cybersecurity and Privacy in Internet-of-Things: Advances, Challenges, and Emerging Trends)
  • Article
  • Open Access
376 Views
20 Pages

Hybrid Watermarking and Adaptive Misinformation for Protection Against AI Model Extraction in Edge-Deployed Cyber-Physical Security

  • Fatimah Azzahrah binti Razali,
  • Mohamed Hadi Habaebi and
  • Mohammed Abdullah Salem Al-Hussaini

8 September 2026

Artificial intelligence (AI) models are increasingly deployed in edge-deployed cyber-physical security systems for tasks encompassing monitoring, threat classification, and automated decision-making. While these models offer robust performance, their...

  • Article
  • Open Access
749 Views
34 Pages

7 September 2026

Direct-to-cell (D2C) non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) based on 5G technology are emerging as a key complement to terrestrial cellular networks, extending connectivity to underserved and remote areas while enabling integration with existing mobile ecos...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 5G and Next-Generation Communication Technologies)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
768 Views
25 Pages

31 August 2026

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is driven by the threat posed by quantum computers, particularly the harvest-now-decrypt-later attack. PQC aims to prepare classical systems and hardware to become resilient against quantum attacks. This research discu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
545 Views
36 Pages

28 August 2026

Distributed offloading systems rely on periodic broadcasts to disseminate server state, yet propagation delays inevitably leave agents operating with stale information at decision time. Staleness is typically viewed as a performance limitation that s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
412 Views
37 Pages

Green FTTR in Smart Buildings: A Comparative Framework for Energy Efficiency, QoS and QoE Evaluation

  • Jorge Duarte,
  • António Valente,
  • Fernando Santos,
  • Pedro Lopes and ,
  • Miguel Ângelo Mota,
  • Sérgio Ramos and
  • Sérgio Leitão
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

25 August 2026

The growth of cloud services and immersive applications based on extended reality (XR), including Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and Mixed Reality (MR), imposes increasingly demanding requirements on access networks. The large-scale in...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wireless Communications and Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
664 Views
47 Pages

22 August 2026

Antenna selection is investigated as a means of reducing radio-frequency (RF) chain power in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) base stations under realistic channel state information (CSI) impairments. The study is motivated by the mismat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wireless Communications and Networks)
  • Review
  • Open Access
897 Views
34 Pages

Adaptive 360° Video Streaming: Prediction, Tiling, and Transport Trade-Offs

  • Muhammad Farooq,
  • Gioacchino Manfredi,
  • Luca De Cicco and
  • Saverio Mascolo

17 August 2026

The growing demand for virtual reality and immersive applications has increased interest in 360° video streaming. When viewing omnidirectional content through a head-mounted display, users observe only a limited portion of the content, i.e., the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
837 Views
35 Pages

10 August 2026

Fast Reroute (FRR) after link failures is essential for carrier-grade Software-Defined Networking (SDN), yet hybrid deployments remain dominated by slow legacy routing convergence. This paper presents two port-state-driven FRR mechanisms for homogene...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Software-Defined Networking (SDN))
  • Article
  • Open Access
960 Views
46 Pages

6 August 2026

Civilian communication systems often fail during armed conflicts, political unrest, and large-scale Internet disruptions—precisely when reliable communication is most needed. This paper presents HERMES, a resilient hybrid communication architec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
537 Views
33 Pages

6 August 2026

Multi-controller deployments in Software-Defined Networking require choosing both the number of controllers and their placement on the topology. Clustering-based methods, particularly k-means, are widely used for this problem, but the topology repres...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Software-Defined Networking (SDN))
  • Article
  • Open Access
561 Views
27 Pages

Lightweight Rescaled Range R/S-Based Real-Time DDoS Detection for Software-Defined Networks

  • Mohamad Khattar Awad,
  • Ghazal Alsholi,
  • Haniah Altabaa,
  • Dania Hani Abu Daqar and ,
  • Shahad Alshaher and
  • Hamed M. K. Alazemi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

5 August 2026

Software-defined Networking (SDN) is a promising networking architecture that separates the control and data planes to allow flexible network management. However, the SDN architecture makes networks vulnerable to various security threats, such as Dis...

  • Article
  • Open Access
292 Views
21 Pages

3 August 2026

This paper develops a reliability-oriented resource-allocation framework for a single-cell uplink sparse code multiple access (SCMA) system with fixed low-projection codebook (LPCB) constellation components. Link-level SCMA–message-passing-algo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Wireless Sensor Networks and Mobile Edge Computing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
632 Views
20 Pages

ARP Optimization in SDN Using Controller-Independent Strategies for Data Center Networks

  • Jose Neftali Limon-Ortiz,
  • Pedro David Arjona-Villicaña,
  • Alejandra Guadalupe Silva-Trujillo,
  • Francisco Javier Torres-Reyes and
  • Francisco Javier Ramirez-Aguilera

3 August 2026

Data Centers that implement Software-Defined Networks (SDN) are not required to employ the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), but network hosts do. Therefore, there is a need to support this protocol without modifying the intrinsic functionality of t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
358 Views
22 Pages

3 August 2026

The convergence of optical burst switching (OBS) and elastic optical networks (EON) offers a promising pathway for 6G IoT backhaul. However, existing solutions treat OBS and EON separately and rely on heuristic resource allocation that fails to meet...

  • Article
  • Open Access
682 Views
26 Pages

1 August 2026

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are essential components of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), allowing communication exchanges between vehicles and road infrastructure elements. These networks face challenges from vehicular mobility, inclu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends and Applications in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
979 Views
43 Pages

ICT Infrastructure for Sustainable Mobility: The Lessons Learned from the MOST Spoke 5 Project

  • Salvatore Dello Iacono,
  • Chiara Franzoni,
  • Paolo Bellagente,
  • Alessandra Flammini and
  • Emiliano Sisinni

22 July 2026

Smart and sustainable mobility increasingly relies on distributed sensing, low-power communication technologies, and cloud-based ICT platforms. This article presents a comprehensive scientific analysis of the technological foundations of sensitized m...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
479 Views
23 Pages

A Requirement-Driven Expert System for Blockchain Consensus Mechanism Selection

  • Ivica Lukić,
  • Nikola Ramčić,
  • Ivan Ivković and
  • Miljenko Švarcmajer

22 July 2026

Blockchain technology has introduced a rapidly expanding range of consensus mechanisms, each designed to satisfy different operational requirements related to security, scalability, decentralization, transaction throughput, and energy efficiency. Sel...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,099 Views
23 Pages

16 July 2026

IPv4 fragmentation attacks, including tiny fragment injection, teardrop offset manipulation, and fragment flooding exploit the RFC 791 reassembly process to evade firewalls and network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs). Detection is challenging bec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
349 Views
20 Pages

Key Value Indicators for Sustainable AI-Based Communication Networks: Are They Adequate?

  • Lucia Pintor,
  • Marco Garau,
  • Virginia Pilloni and
  • Luigi Atzori

16 July 2026

As climate and societal challenges intensify, achieving sustainable development requires a holistic approach that balances economic growth with environmental preservation and social equity. The United Nations’ 2030 Agenda outlines 17 Sustainabl...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Net-Zero Networks: Energy-Aware Protocols and Systems for the Future Internet)
  • Article
  • Open Access
442 Views
17 Pages

14 July 2026

The recent advances in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) can have a tremendous positive impact on vehicle safety and traffic flow. In VANETs, vehicles communicate wirelessly with each other and with roadside infrastructure nodes to improve awareness...

  • Article
  • Open Access
622 Views
25 Pages

10 July 2026

Modern communication networks require routing protocols that can adapt to dynamic traffic conditions while accounting for topology-based structural risk. Conventional open shortest path first (OSPF) relies on static or linear link cost metrics, which...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Network Security)
  • Article
  • Open Access
472 Views
29 Pages

The post-quantum signature scheme SQIsign achieves extremely compact public keys and signatures, making it attractive for bandwidth-constrained environments. However, its signing efficiency is limited by the high random failure rate of the ideal-to-i...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in AI-Powered Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
849 Views
24 Pages

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for privacy-preserving edge intelligence because it enables geographically distributed devices to collaboratively train a shared model without transferring raw data to a central cloud. This...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 5G and Next-Generation Communication Technologies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
659 Views
16 Pages

Reinforcement Learning for Resource Allocation in Energy-Harvesting Cooperative IoT Networks

  • Olumide Alamu,
  • Thomas O. Olwal and
  • Munguakonkwa Emmanuel Migabo

The internet of things (IoT) has rapidly evolved into a ubiquitous communication paradigm for enabling the deployment of autonomous wireless networks across diverse application domains. However, the limited energy storage capacity and computational r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
402 Views
14 Pages

IoT networks now handle traffic from billions of devices, and edge nodes are under constant pressure to classify that traffic and dispatch tasks within tight latency deadlines. Most existing systems treat classification and scheduling as two separate...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
449 Views
23 Pages

Long-Range Wide-Area Networks (LoRaWANs) combine long-range and low-power communication, making them a key technology for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This systematic mapping study provides a comprehensive analysis of research on LoRaWAN ne...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
653 Views
22 Pages

Firewall rule ordering aims to improve packet filtering efficiency while preserving the dependency constraints that guarantee the intended security behavior of the policy. Existing approaches often rely either on local criteria, such as rule frequenc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,176 Views
25 Pages

Path loss modeling is essential for the design, analysis, and applications (e.g., localization) of low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs). Conventional models typically rely on coarse regional land cover classifications (e.g., urban or suburban), whic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
628 Views
21 Pages

Improving 5G User Plane Function Performance via Access Control Rule Distribution

  • Anne-Gaëlle Calandre,
  • David Espes and
  • Johanne Vincent

30 June 2026

The deployment of 5G technology represents a significant advancement in telecommunications, offering unprecedented speed, connectivity, and innovation opportunities. However, this progress comes at a significant cost for Public Land Mobile Network (P...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cybersecurity in the 5G Era)
  • Article
  • Open Access
704 Views
20 Pages

NIKH-DS: A Network Provisioning Platform for Data Exchange in the Health Data Space

  • Nikolaos Petroulakis,
  • Alexandros Kornilakis,
  • Panos Chatziadam,
  • Vasileios Theodorou and ,
  • Nicolas Louca,
  • Stefanos Fafalios,
  • Petros Zervoudakis,
  • Dimitrios Laskaratos,
  • Maria Eleftheria Vlontzou and
  • Eleni Zarogianni
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

29 June 2026

Secure and trustworthy data exchange across distributed data sources remains a major challenge in the health domain, where strict legal, regulatory, and privacy requirements must be satisfied. Data space technologies provide a promising approach to e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
919 Views
52 Pages

A Simulation-Driven Cybersecurity Framework for Detecting Novel Multi-Stage Attacks in Cyber-Physical Smart Infrastructure

  • Nadera Aljawabrah,
  • Nedal Y. Al-Tamimi,
  • Ayoub Alsarhan,
  • Mahmoud Aljamal and ,
  • Bashar S. Khassawneh,
  • Sami Aziz Alshammari,
  • Nayef H. Alshammari and
  • Khalid Hamad Alnafisah
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

23 June 2026

Cyber-physical smart infrastructures integrate sensing devices, communication networks, control components, and service platforms, which makes them vulnerable to malicious activities that may evolve gradually through several attack stages. The object...

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Network - ISSN 2673-8732