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Encyclopedia, Volume 3, Issue 4

December 2023 - 26 articles

Cover Story: Since the 19th century, urban planning has largely been guided by ambitions to improve the population’s well-being and living conditions. Parks and green areas have played a significant role in this work. However, the confidence in the function of green areas, and thus the motives for creating urban parks and green open spaces, have shifted over the years, which has affected both the planning and design of green areas. This entry describes three overarching paradigm shifts in urban planning from the end of the 18th century to today, and the focus is on the major paradigm shift that is underway: how green areas can mitigate climate effects, increase biodiversity, and at the same time support people’s health and living conditions in a smart city. View this paper
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Articles (26)

  • Entry
  • Open Access
7 Citations
20,233 Views
28 Pages

Implementation and Improvement of the Total Productive Maintenance Concept in an Organization

  • Marta Wolska,
  • Tadeusz Gorewoda,
  • Marek Roszak and
  • Lesław Gajda

18 December 2023

Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is an infrastructure-managing methodology that leads to improvements in production efficiency, quality, and safety. It includes a set of processes, techniques, and strategies based on forecasting, maintenance, the o...

  • Entry
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,166 Views
14 Pages

Understanding the Mental Health of Doctoral Students

  • Chloe Casey,
  • Julia Taylor,
  • Fiona Knight and
  • Steven Trenoweth

15 December 2023

Doctoral degrees include Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and other professional doctorates such as Engineering Doctorate (EngD), Doctor of Education (EdD) or Doctor of Clinical Psychology (DClinPsy). Unlike undergraduate or postgraduate taught students, d...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,831 Views
14 Pages

15 December 2023

This review constitutes a comprehensive systematic review analyzing cultural routes, with a particular focus on the concept of the cultural route as a tourist–cultural product. Within this framework, the paper offers an overview of contemporary...

  • Entry
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,603 Views
11 Pages

30 November 2023

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are transmembrane proteins that mediate the intracellular pathway of signals not only through heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) but also through their associations with a variety of additional partne...

  • Entry
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,248 Views
9 Pages

Pandemic Economic Crises

  • Kristián Kalamen,
  • František Pollák and
  • Peter Markovič

29 November 2023

The market serves as the convergence point of supply and demand and represents the process through which market relations between economic units materialize. From a global perspective, the focus shifts to the world market, which is the fundamental st...

  • Entry
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,935 Views
15 Pages

28 November 2023

The management of expectations in doctoral education relates to the negotiation and agreement of a learning contract denoting actions and initiatives between a student and a supervisor. A learning contract is a set of understandings of what things, a...

  • Entry
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,033 Views
13 Pages

Perovskite-Type Oxides as Exsolution Catalysts in CO2 Utilization

  • Thomas Ruh,
  • Florian Schrenk,
  • Tobias Berger and
  • Christoph Rameshan

23 November 2023

Perovskite-type oxides (ABO3) are a highly versatile class of materials. They are compositionally flexible, as their constituents can be chosen from a wide range of elements across the periodic table with a vast number of possible combinations. This...

  • Entry
  • Open Access
20 Citations
6,010 Views
22 Pages

17 November 2023

Phyllosilicates are common minerals that include the most widely known micas and clay minerals. These minerals are found in several natural environments and have unique physical-chemical features, such as cation exchange capacity (CEC) and surface ch...

  • Entry
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,690 Views
20 Pages

Health-Promoting Nature-Based Paradigms in Urban Planning

  • Patrik Grahn,
  • Jonathan Stoltz,
  • Erik Skärbäck and
  • Anna Bengtsson

8 November 2023

Since the 19th century, urban planning has largely been guided by ambitions to improve the population’s wellbeing and living conditions. Parks and green areas have played a significant role in this work. However, the confidence in the function...

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Encyclopedia - ISSN 2673-8392