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Tomography, Volume 10, Issue 9
September 2024 - 13 articles
Cover Story: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a group of symptoms caused by the compression of neurovascular structures of the superior thoracic outlet. Both neurogenic and vascular components may contribute to TOS symptoms; neurogenic TOS accounts for 80% to 90% of all diagnosed cases of TOS, with an incidence of one per million people. Clinical evaluation—a combination of a proper history and physical examination with provocative tests—still plays a pivotal role in TOS diagnosis. However, the diagnosis of TOS is often a diagnosis of exclusion, and its confirmation, lacking specificity, can be challenging. Imaging studies and electrodiagnostic tests may complete the diagnostic work-up. This review offers a broad up-to-date overview of clinical presentation and diagnostic and therapeutic (non-surgical and surgical) approaches to TOS. View this paper
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