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Recycling
Volume 10
Issue 4
10.3390/recycling10040123
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Review

Waste Valorization Technologies in Tannery Sludge, Chromite, and Magnesite Mining

by
Evgenios Kokkinos
1,
Effrosyni Peleka
1,
Evangelos Tzamos
2 and
Anastasios Zouboulis
1,*
1
Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
2
Ecoresources PC, Kolchidos Str., 3, 55131 Thessaloniki, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Recycling 2025, 10(4), 123; https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling10040123
Submission received: 7 April 2025 / Revised: 17 June 2025 / Accepted: 19 June 2025 / Published: 20 June 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

Waste valorization involves reusing and recycling waste materials to create useful products such as materials, chemicals, fuels, or energy. The primary goal is the transition to a circular economy model while minimizing the impacts of hazardous waste. Adopting such policies appears to be a one-way path due to the continuous increase in the consumption of raw materials. According to recent projections, by 2050, 180 billion tonnes of materials will be consumed annually. Since natural resources cannot meet these requirements, new sources must be explored. Waste can serve as an alternative source and cover at least part of the needs that arise. In this work, good practices regarding waste valorization are presented. The case studies examined include the waste/by-products of ultrabasic rocks resulting in chromite and magnesite mining, as well as the tannery sludge produced after the corresponding wastewater treatment.
Keywords: waste valorization; circular economy; chromite; magnesite; tanning waste waste valorization; circular economy; chromite; magnesite; tanning waste

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kokkinos, E.; Peleka, E.; Tzamos, E.; Zouboulis, A. Waste Valorization Technologies in Tannery Sludge, Chromite, and Magnesite Mining. Recycling 2025, 10, 123. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling10040123

AMA Style

Kokkinos E, Peleka E, Tzamos E, Zouboulis A. Waste Valorization Technologies in Tannery Sludge, Chromite, and Magnesite Mining. Recycling. 2025; 10(4):123. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling10040123

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kokkinos, Evgenios, Effrosyni Peleka, Evangelos Tzamos, and Anastasios Zouboulis. 2025. "Waste Valorization Technologies in Tannery Sludge, Chromite, and Magnesite Mining" Recycling 10, no. 4: 123. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling10040123

APA Style

Kokkinos, E., Peleka, E., Tzamos, E., & Zouboulis, A. (2025). Waste Valorization Technologies in Tannery Sludge, Chromite, and Magnesite Mining. Recycling, 10(4), 123. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling10040123

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