Colostrum Composition, Characteristics and Management for Buffalo Calves: A Review
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Colostrum
2.1. Characteristics and Composition
2.2. Colostrum Quality
2.3. Colostrum Analysis
3. Passive Immunity Transfer (PIT)
4. Colostrum Management and the Impact on Calves
4.1. Colostrum Storage
4.2. Benefits of Colostrum: Infection Prevention
4.3. The Effects of Vaccination on Colostrum Quality
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nutrient | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
El -Fattah et al. [36] | Yonis et al. [37] | Coroian et al. [25] | Salar et al. [38] | Bernabucci et al. [39] | |
Fat (%) | 9.59 | 9.70 ± 0.50 | 11.31 ± 0.39 | 10.81 ± 0.50 | 18.75 |
Protein (%) | 13.46 | 11.93 ± 0.55 | 8.73 ± 0.15 | 7.97 ± 0.76 | 5.44 |
Lactose (%) | . | 2.50 ± 0.60 | 3.73 ± 0.02 | 3.78 ± 0.06 | 2.7 |
Total Solids (%) | 26.67 | 25.20 ± 0.60 | 25.31 ± 0.02 | 23.93 ± 1.46 | . |
Ash (%) | . | 1.10 ± 0.05 | 0.94 ± 0.02 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | . |
pH | . | . | 6.01 ± 0.01 | 6.04 ± 0.02 | . |
Nutrient | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dunn et al. [40] | Salar et al. [38] | Godden et al. [41] | Kehoe et al. [34] | Elfstrand et al. [42] | Arslan et al. [43] | |
Fat (%) | 6.40 | 6.11 ± 0.78 | 6.70 | 6.70 | 4.60 | 6.40 |
Protein (%) | 14.0 | 12.91 ± 3.75 | 14.0 | 14.92 | 12.4 | 14.0 |
Lactose (%) | 2.70 | 3.21 ± 0.41 | 2.70 | 2.49 | 3.0 | 2.70 |
Total Solids (%) | . | 23.33 ± 4.11 | 23.90 | 27.64 | . | . |
Ash (%) | . | 1.01 ± 0.08 | 1.11 | 0.50 | . | 0.50 |
pH | . | 6.26 ± 0.09 | . | . | . | . |
Colostrum Functions in Newborn Calves |
---|
Passive Immunity Transfer [27,34,41,64] |
Nutritional function in terms of fat, protein, and vitamin [25,31,36,38,42,43] |
Thermoregulation [40,63] |
Development of the gastrointestinal tract [55,56] |
Body growth improvement [55,56] |
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Lotito, D.; Pacifico, E.; Matuozzo, S.; Musco, N.; Iommelli, P.; Zicarelli, F.; Tudisco, R.; Infascelli, F.; Lombardi, P. Colostrum Composition, Characteristics and Management for Buffalo Calves: A Review. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 358. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10050358
Lotito D, Pacifico E, Matuozzo S, Musco N, Iommelli P, Zicarelli F, Tudisco R, Infascelli F, Lombardi P. Colostrum Composition, Characteristics and Management for Buffalo Calves: A Review. Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 10(5):358. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10050358
Chicago/Turabian StyleLotito, Daria, Eleonora Pacifico, Sara Matuozzo, Nadia Musco, Piera Iommelli, Fabio Zicarelli, Raffaella Tudisco, Federico Infascelli, and Pietro Lombardi. 2023. "Colostrum Composition, Characteristics and Management for Buffalo Calves: A Review" Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 5: 358. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10050358