Endogenous Anti-Cancer Candidates in GPCR, ER Stress, and EMT
1
ER Stress & Mucosal Immunology Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, Australia
2
Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, Australia
3
School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomedicines 2020, 8(10), 402; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100402
Received: 13 September 2020
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Revised: 5 October 2020
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Accepted: 8 October 2020
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Published: 9 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Metabolism and Resistance to Cell Death: Novel Therapeutic Perspectives)
The majority of cellular responses to external stimuli are mediated by receptors such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and systems including endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress). Since GPCR signalling is pivotal in numerous malignancies, they are widely targeted by a number of clinical drugs. Cancer cells often negatively modulate GPCRs in order to survive, proliferate and to disseminate. Similarly, numerous branches of the unfolded protein response (UPR) act as pro-survival mediators and are involved in promoting cancer progression via mechanisms such as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, there are a few proteins among these groups which impede deleterious effects by orchestrating the pro-apoptotic phenomenon and paving a therapeutic pathway. The present review exposes and discusses such critical mechanisms and some of the key processes involved in carcinogenesis.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Gundamaraju, R.; Lu, W.; Azimi, I.; Eri, R.; Sohal, S.S. Endogenous Anti-Cancer Candidates in GPCR, ER Stress, and EMT. Biomedicines 2020, 8, 402. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100402
AMA Style
Gundamaraju R, Lu W, Azimi I, Eri R, Sohal SS. Endogenous Anti-Cancer Candidates in GPCR, ER Stress, and EMT. Biomedicines. 2020; 8(10):402. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100402
Chicago/Turabian StyleGundamaraju, Rohit, Wenying Lu, Iman Azimi, Rajaraman Eri, and Sukhwinder S. Sohal. 2020. "Endogenous Anti-Cancer Candidates in GPCR, ER Stress, and EMT" Biomedicines 8, no. 10: 402. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100402
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