Applied Sciences, Volume 14, Issue 19

Dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a diverse 3D X-ray imaging technique that has enabled clear visualization of the teeth and surrounding structures. The most common diagnostic purpose of dental CBCT examination in children is ectopic eru...

The practise of geophagy is common amongst women of childbearing age from different geographic locations, including South Africa, regardless of their social and economic status such as their level of education, race, marital status, income or occupat...

This paper investigates the factors influencing the probability of fatality in various types of maritime accidents, including grounding, capsizing, sinking, man overboard incidents, and fatal falls, with a focus on several contributing factors—...

Recently, more consumers have reached for plant-based milk substitutes, mainly for health, dietary, and flavour reasons. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and bioactive properties and sensory profile of 10 selected rice drinks availabl...

Gas pipelines are buried and installed across rivers to supply the gas necessary for daily life. When crossing rivers, gas pipelines are typically installed on bridges; however, when installation on bridges is not feasible, the pipelines are buried i...

Myoepithelioma is an exceptionally rare tumor, primarily arising in glandular tissues but occasionally found in soft tissues, including the hand. Its occurrence in the hand is particularly uncommon, presenting unique clinical challenges due to the li...

In order to achieve the goal of a lightweight shaft–disk rotor, this paper applies the fiber woven composite material to the disk structure, and at the same time considers the design of the weight-reducing holes on the porous disk. It introduce...

Recently, much attention has been given to the development of various energy harvesting technologies to power remote electronic sensors, data loggers, and communicators that can be installed on smart grid systems. Magnetic energy harvesting is, perha...

The present study investigates the impact of the electrode surface roughness on the electrofreezing of water. This research focuses on how the electrode microstructure induced by a laser treatment affects the nucleation and growth of ice crystals und...

Potassium ferrate(VI) (K₂FeO₄) as a particularly strong oxidant represents an effective and environmentally friendly waste water treatment material. When produced by anodic oxidation in highly alkaline aqueous solution, the K₂FeO₄ product is separate...

This contribution is focused on the presentation of individual research results aimed at evaluating the socio-economic impacts associated with increasing the safety and reliability of the railway transport route. The goal of the research is to propos...

Multimodal optimization presents a significant challenge in optimization problems due to the existence of multiple attraction basins. Balancing exploration and exploitation is essential for the efficiency of algorithms designed to solve these problem...

The increasing sophistication and frequency of cyber threats necessitate the development of advanced techniques for detecting and mitigating attacks. This paper introduces a novel cybersecurity-focused Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) trainer that utiliz...

Shell–tube heat exchangers are commonly used equipment in large-scale industrial systems of wastewater heat exchange to reclaim the thermal energy generated during industrial processes. However, the internal surfaces of the heat exchanger tubes...

With the passage of time, the constant changes in relevant factors, and the daily maintenance of tailings ponds, the difficulty of tailings pond safety management is increasing day by day. In order to systematically improve the early warning ability...

Visual servoing technology is well developed and applied in many automated manufacturing tasks, especially in tools’ pose alignment. To access a full global view of tools, most applications adopt an eye-to-hand configuration or an eye-to-hand/e...

A metamaterial-based non-uniform dipole array antenna is presented for high gain 5G millimeter-wave applications with a wideband characteristic. Initially, a non-uniform dipole array is designed on a 0.202 mm thick Rogers RO4003C substrate, offering...

Lignocellulosic waste materials are among the most abundant raw materials on Earth, and they have been widely studied as natural additives in materials, especially for polymer composites, with interesting results when it comes to improving physiochem...

In this paper, a quartz glass with low hydroxyl groups was prepared by combining the advantages of various processes, using a plasma heat source as the flame and high-purity quartz sand as the raw material. The purity of the quartz sand was 99.997%....

Apple core browning not only affects the nutritional quality of apples, but also poses a health risk to consumers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a fast and reliable non-destructive detection method for apple core browning. To deal wit...

The science and technology (S&T) workforce plays a crucial role in social development by promoting technological innovation and economic growth, as well as serving as a key indicator of research and development productivity and measure of innovat...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of combined training with maximal aerobic speed and small-sided games on football players’ aerobic capacity development. Methods: The football players were divided into three groups as a combined trai...

Various hydrogeological problems like groundwater inflow, water table drawdown, and water pressure redistribution may be encountered in the construction of hydraulic projects. How to accurately predict the occurrence of groundwater inflow and assess...

This paper aims, in the context of the need to reduce the weight and price of vehicles, to present theoretical and experimental results regarding towing systems made of alternative materials (fibrous composite materials and aluminum alloys). The stud...

Despite technological growth and worldwide advancements in various fields, the agriculture sector continues to face numerous challenges such as desertification, environmental pollution, resource scarcity, and the excessive use of pesticides and inorg...

Throughout the past several decades, the manufacturing industry has been confronted with rapidly evolving market demands. The Reconfigurable Assembly Line (RAL) changes the quantity and variety of products produced through reconfiguration at differen...

Modern technology allows ductile cast iron parts to be efficiently machined while ensuring a relatively long tool life. One of the basic indices describing the susceptibility of ductile cast irons to change in volume, shape, and dimensions under mach...

The article presents work on developing a software application for test creation using artificial intelligence and large language models. Its main goal is to optimize the educators’ work by automating the process of test generation and evaluati...

The airport apron is a high-risk area for aircraft collisions due to its heavy operational load and high aircraft density. Currently, existing quantitative models for apron collision risk provide limited consideration and classification of risk areas...

This study aims to develop an emotion evaluation method for second language learners, utilizing multimodal information to comprehensively evaluate students’ emotional expressions. Addressing the limitations of existing emotion evaluation method...

Aiming to improve the efficiency of the online process in path planning, a novel searching method is proposed based on environmental information analysis. Firstly, a search and rescue (SAR) environmental model and an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) mot...

With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the rotary hearth furnace system has emerged as a key technology that facilitates a win-win situation for both environmental protection and enterprise economic benefits. This is attributed to...

In visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), operational efficiency and localization accuracy are equally crucial evaluation metrics. We propose an enhanced visual SLAM method to ensure stable localization accuracy while improving system e...

Within the phenomenology of particle physics, the theoretical model of 4-zero textures is validated using a chi-square criterion that compares experimental data with the computational results of the model. Traditionally, analytical methods that often...

During the covid pandemic period of 2019–2020, teaching was carried out via homeschooling, and secondary vocational schools had to deal with the problem of ensuring the implementation of excursions, which were a part of their apprentices’...

Underground engineering frequently encounters the challenges of high temperatures and high confining pressures. The combined effects of temperature and confining pressure can significantly alter the mechanical properties of rock. Evaluating the impac...

This study investigated the relationship between high-order aberrations (HOAs) and accommodative dysfunctions by analyzing their changes with accommodation. Understanding this relationship is important for understanding the mechanisms underlying thes...

This paper addresses the practical challenge of detecting tomato plant diseases using a hybrid lightweight model that combines a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). Traditional image classification models demand sub...

Quantitative disaster risk studies for slow-moving rotational and translational landslides in small regions (e.g., cities and watersheds) are very scarce. The limitations of risk modeling associated with these hazards include (i) the lack of data for...

Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) is a decision-making tool that is often used in the area of urban planning. At the same time, many other data sources with great utility potential, such as Big Data, can be identified. The aim of the paper is to pres...

At present, data-driven fault diagnosis has made significant achievements. However, in actual industrial environments, labeled fault data are difficult to obtain, making the industrial application of intelligent fault diagnosis models very challengin...

The safety assessment and control of large-diameter pipelines under tunnel blasting at ultrasmall clear distances is a significant problem faced in construction. However, there has been no reference case for the quantitative comparison of the disturb...

Objectives: This systematic review addressed the following questions: what are the most recommended diagnostic criteria for pulley injuries in finger flexors among climbers? What is the best functional or classification clinical test for these injuri...

While macroscopic traffic flow models adopt a fluid dynamic description of traffic, microscopic traffic flow models describe the dynamics of individual vehicles. Capturing macroscopic traffic phenomena accurately remains a challenge for microscopic m...

To improve the crushing efficiency and crushing pass rate of high-moisture corn ears (HMCEs), a multi-stage crushing scheme is proposed in this paper. A two-stage crushing device for HMCEs is designed, and the ear crushing process is analyzed. Firstl...

The rapid evolution of digital technologies has revolutionized the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, driving the wide-spread adoption of digital twins for structures. These virtual replicas, developed using Building Informat...

Fault diagnosis is crucial to guarantee safe operation and extend the operating time while preventing the thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery. This study presents a data-driven thermal runaway diagnosis framework where Bayesian optimization te...

This study evaluated changes over time in skeletal muscle atrophy, expressions of skeletal muscle anabolic and catabolic genes, and mitochondrial activity by skeletal muscle type in an adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) model. A CKD model w...

This paper explores the relationships between m-learning, learning outcomes, and developing critical thinking in university students. A systematic review of empirical articles in English published in journals indexed in the Web of Science from 2015&n...

Multi-scale assessment of shear behavior in the tunnel carbonaceous slate is critical for evaluating the stability of the surrounding rock. In this study, direct shear tests were conducted on carbonaceous slates from the Muzhailing Tunnel, considerin...