Review Reports - Research on Fidelity Performance of Coring Bits during Drilling and Cutting in Deep Extreme Environments

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

My comments can be found in the attached PDF. It is not my specific field, so some parts of this work weren't exactly clear to me. Most of my comments are suggestions and should be treated as such.

Comments for author File: Comments.pdf

Some wording corrections, and missing spacebars in the text. Nothing crucial.

Author Response

Dear editor and reviewer,

Thanks very much for taking the time to review this manuscript. I appreciate all your comments and suggestions! We thank the reviewers for the time and effort they have put into reviewing the previous version of the manuscript. Their suggestions have enabled us to improve our work. Based on the instructions provided in your letter, we uploaded the revised manuscript file. We have therefore uploaded a copy of the original manuscript and highlighted all the changes in a different color (red). Attached to this letter is our point-by-point response to the comments made by the reviewers. These comments are reproduced, and our responses are given directly in a different color (blue). We would also like to thank you for allowing us to resubmit a revised copy of the manuscript. Thanks again!
We hope the revised manuscript is accepted for publication in the Journal of Applied Sciences. Response to comments is shown as follows:

Reviewer: 1

My comments can be found in the attached PDF. It is not my specific field, so some parts of this work weren't exactly clear to me. Most of my comments are suggestions and should be treated as such.

We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this. We have changed the resubmitted article for the formatting, grammar and image suggestions you mentioned and added the reference. Thanks again!

Comment 1

Please explain shortly in Abstract what do You have in mind by deep extreme env.

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this. We have added an explanation of extreme environments to the abstract. Deep rock formations in extreme environments are characterised by complex working conditions, various structures, high hardness and high resistance to compression.

First of all, in introduction , “coring bits” should be described and explaine.

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this. Coring bits are widely utilized in various applications, including geological exploration and mining projects. By minimizing disruptions during the coring process, coring bits help preserve the core's integrity and the accuracy of the obtained samples. Using appropriate coring bits, fidelity coring enables researchers and engineers to obtain samples that accurately reflect the characteristics of the subsurface rock formations.

3.Please explain what exactly do You mean by “core fidelity”.

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this. "Core fidelity" refers to the accuracy, integrity, and representativeness of the core samples obtained during drilling or coring operations. It measures how well the extracted cores retain the original characteristics of the subsurface formations, including their stratigraphy, composition, structure, and physical properties. Achieving core fidelity is important because it ensures that the obtained samples accurately reflect the in-situ conditions and provide reliable information for various purposes. Maintaining core fidelity requires careful consideration and control of various factors during the coring process. This includes selecting appropriate coring tools and equipment， minimizing disturbances or damage to the cores during extraction, and correctly handling and preserving the samples.

4.This image is not very clear for me. Can You provide some real drill image with marked back-rake angle? As addition, please privide real-life drill image.

[Response]： Thank you for your suggestion. I have added a real picture of the coring bit.

Is this built-in module of SW?

[Response]： We are very sorry for our unclear writing and description. We used SolidWorks software for the 3D modelling and another software, Abaqus, for the dynamics simulation.

Sorry, I didn't get why 5-15 deg. is optimum.

[Response]： We are very sorry for our unclear writing and description. The standard deviation of the mean cutting force shows a linear decrease from 0° to 10°. This is attributed to the reduced lateral vibration of the cutting teeth during the breaking process, which enhances the stability of the drilling cut. In the range of 10° to 25°, the standard deviation of the cutting forces increases rapidly, and the rate of change exhibits a fluctuating pattern of increase and then decrease. This phenomenon results from gradually enlarging the contact area between the cutting teeth and the rock, leading to increased wear between them. The wear between the cutter face and the rock intensifies, increasing rock chip production and retention time. Therefore, choosing a side-rake angle of approximately 5°-15° is optimum for the rock-breaking process. Because of the continuity of the simulation results, the standard deviation of cutting forces shifts significantly when the lateral inclination angle is around 10° and is the smallest standard deviation of cutting forces, so the optimum side-rake angle during rock breaking should be in the range of 5°-15°.

Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Reviewer 2 Report

The reviewer comments of the paper «Fidelity Performance Research of Coring Bits during Drilling and Cutting in Deep Extreme Environments» - Reviewer

The authors presented an article «Fidelity Performance Research of Coring Bits during Drilling and Cutting in Deep Extreme Environments There are several points in the article that require further explanation.

Comment 1:

The abstract needs to be improved.

Demonstrate in the abstract novelty, practical significance. What is the difference from before published work? What is the cutting material and how does it affect the test results? Add the input and output parameters that are explored in the article. Add an FME method error.

Comment 2:

The introduction needs to be improved.

What is the scientific novelty and practical significance. Add a clear purpose to the article.

Briefly describe what is done in each section.

Comment 3:

2. Drill core fidelity performance model

Are all figures original? If not needed appropriate citations and permissions. Refine this for figures throughout the article.

Are all formulas original? If not needed appropriate citations.

After each formula, all physical quantities encountered for the first time must be deciphered.

Describe the measurement procedure in more detail. At what point in time? How is the measuring setup set up? How many repetitions of measurements? What statistical methods are used to process experimental results? Describe the experimental stand in more detail. What method of experiment planning is used and why?

Comment 4:

3.Finite element analysis of rock crushing processes

Finite Element modeling should be described and illustrated in more detail.

Add a design diagram with boundary conditions on the shape. Justify your choice and assumptions made. What type of finite elements are used and why? How does the size of finite elements affect the accuracy of calculations? What parameters did you calculate using the FEM and why?

Give the parameters of the PC on which the forces were calculated using the FEM. How much time was spent on calculations? It is useful to give such parameters in the table and briefly explain the performance in the text.

Comment 5:

4. Simulation experiments and results

Add in caption cutting conditions for which each figure is obtained in the captions.

The description of all figures in the text must be supplemented. Minimum 3-4 sentences. Analyze the nature of these curves in accordance with the influence of the cutting mode. This needs to be explained in terms of cutting physics.

Compare your results with previously published references on the topic. Thus, the discussion should be substantially improved.

Is it important to show how the validation of the FEM models was assessed?

Comment 6:

It will be useful to add a section of Nomenclature in which to sign all the physical quantities and abbreviations encountered in the article. There are many physical quantities in the text and such a section will help to find the description of the necessary element.

For example,

p : Density (g/cm³)

FEM : Finite Element Modelling

etc.

Comment 7:

Conclusions needs to be improved.

It is necessary to more clearly show the novelty of the article and the advantages of the proposed method. Add qualitative and quantitative results of your work. What is the error of the obtained models? What is the difference from previous work in this area? Show practical relevance. Conclusions should reflect the purpose of the article.

Comment 8:

There will be polishing of the English language.

The article has the potential for publication, but first requires significant efforts of the authors. Authors should carefully study the comments and make improvements to the article step by step. After major changes can an article be considered for publication in the "Applied Sciences".

Author Response

Dear editor and reviewer,

Reviewer: 2

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

Comment 1

The abstract needs to be improved. Demonstrate in the abstract novelty, practical significance. What is the difference from before published work? What is the cutting material and how does it affect the test results? Add the input and output parameters that are explored in the article. Add an FME method error.

The introduction needs to be improved.

After analyzing the literature, show before formulating the goal of the "blank" spots. Which has not been previously done by other researchers. You must show the importance of the research being undertaken. Show what will be the new research approach in this article. You need to show a hypothesis. What is the scientific novelty and practical significance. Add a clear purpose to the article. Briefly describe what is done in each section.

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this. In the past, limited research has been conducted on developing fidelity coring tools. Most research in the field of fidelity has primarily concentrated on the temperature and pressure control of cores that have already been drilled by corers. However, since the drill bit cutting teeth directly contacts the core, ensuring fidelity control during the drilling process is crucial. very few previous research has explored the relationship between the structural parameters of the bit and fidelity performance. This paper proposes the influence of back-rake and side-rake angles on the fidelity performance of the drill bit's structure parameters, adopts the Drucker-Prager criterion as the rock-yielding criterion, and conducts 3D finite element analysis on the drilling and breaking process of the core drill bit. This analysis helps identify the relationship between core drill bit parameters and fidelity coring performance. Furthermore, optimizing the design of the core drill bit's structure parameters and improving the effect of deep in-situ coring is of great significance.

The article's new research approach uses a combination of theory and simulation to explore the effect of drill structure parameters on fidelity performance. The following hypothesis is made for the calculation model:
(1) The cutting teeth and the PDC coring bit are set as rigid bodies during the simulation;
(2) The rock is set up as a continuous homogeneous medium with constant velocity and drilling pressure acting on the cutting teeth and bit;
(3) The helical motion of the cutting teeth is replaced by a linear motion in the single tooth force simulation, and the effect of tooth wear on the fidelity of the core drill bit is not considered.

The purpose of the article is to explore the law of the influence of the rear and side inclination angles on the fidelity performance of the drill, to optimise the design parameters and to improve the fidelity efficiency. The specific arrangement of the article is as follows: Section 2 establishes an analytical model of the fidelity performance of the drill core; Section 3 explains the failure criteria of the rock and the various parameters of the simulation model; Section 4 verifies the influence of the rear and side camber angles on the fidelity performance through simulation experiments; the fifth part concludes.

Drill core fidelity performance model

Are all figures original? If not needed appropriate citations and permissions. Refine this for figures throughout the article. Are all formulas original? If not needed appropriate citations.After each formula, all physical quantities encountered for the first time must be deciphered.Describe the measurement procedure in more detail. At what point in time? How is the measuring setup set up? How many repetitions of measurements? What statistical methods are used to process experimental results? Describe the experimental stand in more detail. What method of experiment planning is used and why?

[Response]：We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this, I have improved and added references to some of the pictures and formulae, and deciphered the physical quantities encountered for the first time in the formulae. The simulation and repetitions of measurements were conducted five times for each angle and the results were averaged. The X-Y plot function of the Abaqus software is used to extract the support reaction force RF2 at the point bound to the rigid body RP, which is the tangential force of the cutting tooth breakage. The paper also uses Origin software to process and plot the data. Due to the complexity of the deep environment, it is difficult to maintain the in-situ pressure during the cutting process, so this paper conducts simulation experiments to simulate the simulation process of the drill bit in the deep environment. Thank you for your suggestion; we will set up a test bench to carry out simplified experiments in the future.

Finite element analysis of rock crushing processes

Finite Element modeling should be described and illustrated in more detail. Add a design diagram with boundary conditions on the shape. Justify your choice and assumptions made. What type of finite elements are used and why? How does the size of finite elements affect the accuracy of calculations? What parameters did you calculate using the FEM and why? Give the parameters of the PC on which the forces were calculated using the FEM. How much time was spent on calculations? It is useful to give such parameters in the table and briefly explain the performance in the text.

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this; I have added a design drawing with boundary conditions on the shape. The stress distribution along the cutting path of the core at a back dip angle of 21° was analyzed to assess grid independence. The results of the grid independence study are presented in figure1. As the number of grids increases, the stress distribution values tend to stabilize, and the difference between adjacent data points decreases. Specifically, the difference between adjacent data from grid 82046 to grid 12550 is approximately 2.9%, and the difference from grid 12550 to grid 170054 is about 1.21%. This suggests that the numerical simulation results have converged, indicating the completion of the verification of grid independence. In other words, when the number of grids exceeds 170054, the simulation solution is considered to be grid-independent.

The cutting tooth is represented by an 8-node linear hexahedron element with hourglass control and a reduced integration C3D8R cell. Additionally, the mesh of the rock mass being cut is refined for better accuracy. By using the reduced integration C3D8R cell, the occurrence of numerical oscillations is reduced, leading to improved stability in the simulation of complex drill cutting processes. Furthermore, the reduced integration approach is computationally efficient, reducing the computational cost and time compared to the fully integrated hexahedral cell.

Please see attached

Figure 1. Grid independence study

In my calculations, I output the cutting forces, the standard deviation of the average cutting forces, the maximum stress, and mechanical specific energy, Which are parameters reflect the degree of fidelity. In terms of hardware, the simulation was performed on a PC with an 11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-11260H processor running at a base frequency of 2.60GHz (with a maximum turbo frequency of 2.61GHz). The simulation utilized 8 processors running in parallel to enhance computational efficiency. On average, each angle of simulation took approximately 26 hours per session.

Simulation experiments and results

Add in caption cutting conditions for which each figure is obtained in the captions.The description of all figures in the text must be supplemented. Minimum 3-4 sentences. Analyze the nature of these curves in accordance with the influence of the cutting mode. This needs to be explained in terms of cutting physics. Compare your results with previously published references on the topic. Thus, the discussion should be substantially improved. Is it important to show how the validation of the FEM models was assessed?

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this; I have added the cutting conditions in the captions. I have improved the text descriptions under the figures, adding to the descriptions of key images. This can be seen in the revised paper. For example, In the 5° to 15° of the side-rake range, the mechanical specific energy required to break the rock slightly increases with increasing the side-rake range. Still, the increase is relatively small, and the cutting area tends to grow more slowly, Which is broadly consistent with the findings of Zhu et al. on the predicted trend of the effect of lateral dip angle on the specific work of breaking rock.

For example, Between 21° and 25°, there is a rapid increase in the MSE and maximum stress. In this case, it is due to the increase in the back inclination angle to the cutting teeth compacting the rock and the increase in friction between the cutting teeth and the rock as the angle increases. The rock-breaking mode transitions from shear crushing to shear-impact crushing. As a result, higher mechanical energy is required to break the rock under the same cutting speed and depth. This leads to increased MSE and a significant fluctuation in cutting force during impact crushing, , which is consistent with the conclusions of Zhang et al.

Due to the complexity of the deep environment, it is difficult to maintain the in-situ pressure during the cutting process, so this paper conducts simulation experiments to simulate the simulation process of the drill bit in the deep environment. Due to the high pressures and complex geological stress conditions found in deep rocks, shear expansion may occur during the process of rock cutting. The Drucker-Prager criterion employed in this paper effectively captures this phenomenon of shear swelling. It integrates it into the computational model, resulting in enhanced accuracy and reliability of the simulation. Simultaneously, This paper chooses the Drucker-Prager criterion as it considers the rock's shear expansion, the influence of stress on yield, and the effect of intermediate principal stresses. The simulation results in this paper are also consistent with the theoretical model of the Drucker-Prager criterion.

6.It will be useful to add a section of Nomenclature in which to sign all the physical quantities and abbreviations encountered in the article. There are many physical quantities in the text and such a section will help to find the description of the necessary element.

[Response]：We thank the Reviewer for bringing this point up Thank you for your suggestion, new nomenclature has been added as per your suggestion.

7.Conclusions needs to be improved.

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for bringing this point up .This paper presents a new concept that the drill bit's backward and sideways inclination angles affect the core's fidelity and analyses the laws of the backward and sideways inclination angles on the fidelity of the core through theory and simulation. The optimum back and side inclination angles were found from the simulation results. The improved core drill bit has better fidelity performance. In the past, limited research has been conducted on developing fidelity coring tools. Most research in fidelity has primarily concentrated on the temperature and pressure control of cores that corers have already drilled. However, since the drill bit cutting teeth directly contacts the core, ensuring fidelity control during the drilling process is crucial. very few previous research has explored the relationship between the structural parameters of the bit and fidelity performance. The simulation results show that the tool's average cutting force and cutting force criterion increase as the drill bit's structural parameters' back-rake and side-rake angles vary. This leads to increased shear friction on the core, which affects the maximum stress, mechanical specific energy, and, subsequently, the fidelity of the core. back-rake angles ranged from 15° to 25°, with the optimum back-rake angle of 21° producing a maximum stress and mechanical specific energy of 0.69 and 0.85 times higher than the highest point, respectively. The side-rake angles ranged from 5° to 15°, with the best side-rake angle of 10° producing a maximum stress and mechanical specific energy of 0.76 and 0.96 times higher than the highest point, respectively. The FME method error was 1.21%.

There will be polishing of the English language.

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for bringing this point up .We have touched up the article using Grammarly software as required.

Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Reviewer 3 Report

I completed my review of the manuscript on the Fidelity Performance Research of Coring Bits during Drilling 2 and Cutting in Deep Extreme Environments. Below are my specific and general comments about the manuscript.

-Please make sure the line spacing is uniform throughout the whole manuscript eg. Lines 261-26 and Line 268 and others have different line spacing.

-Figure 1 and 2 may combine

-Please check Figure 9, 14 axis captions

-It isn't easy to evaluate the authors' objectives and literature review, and most of the introduction part of the paper shows a literature review. It is recommended to make a separate section i.e. Previous work etc to separate literature studies with current objectives.

-Lines 1-3 are a very general and confusing statement. Please rewrite or explain it further i.e Traditional energy sources? please add some examples; What does it mean by shallow parts? is it with respect to depth or something else ?; Deep resources?

-Line 31: Add more references

-Line 33: What type of in-situ characteristic?

-Line 34: Different depths? please add range

-Line 40-41: Rewrite the sentence and also add reference.

-Line 76-77: mention some engineering applications

-Line 76-87. Please explain a little bit about what is meant for the “deep extreme environment” specifically which is also shown in the title.

-Is any specific rock type considered in this study? i.e. this studies is feasible for a certain type of rock?

-Also explain in lines 76-87 and also in the conclusion about the commercial application of this study. Which type of industry could get most of the benefits from this study i.e. oil and gas or mining industries?

-Sections 2.1 might be shortened and keep only major points.

-Section 2.3 Mechanical*

-Section 3.3: Are simulation studies being done by considering the rock’s physical and mechanical properties i.e. different rocks have different properties?

-Section 5: Could the author further indicate what conclusions the discussion leads to?

Must be improved

Author Response

Dear editor and reviewer,

Reviewer: 3

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

I completed my review of the manuscript on the Fidelity Performance Research of Coring Bits during Drilling and Cutting in Deep Extreme Environments. Below are my specific and general comments about the manuscript.

Comment 1. Please make sure the line spacing is uniform throughout the whole manuscript eg. Lines 261-26 and Line 268 and others have different line spacing.

Figure 1 and 2 may combine.

Please check Figure 9, 14 axis captions.

-Line 31: Add more references

-Line 40-41: Rewrite the sentence and also add reference

-Sections 2.1 might be shortened and keep only major points.

-Section 2.3 Mechanical*.

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this. We have changed the resubmitted article for the formatting, grammar and image suggestions you mentioned and added the reference. Thanks again!

-It isn't easy to evaluate the authors' objectives and literature review, and most of the introduction part of the paper shows a literature review. It is recommended to make a separate section i.e. Previous work etc to separate literature studies with current objectives.

[Response]： We are very sorry for our unclearly writing and description. This paper presents a new concept that the drill bit's backward and sideways inclination angles affect the core's fidelity and analyses the laws of the backward and sideways inclination angles on the fidelity of the core through theory and simulation. The optimum back and side inclination angles were found from the simulation results. The improved core drill bit has better fidelity performance. In the past, limited research has been conducted on developing fidelity coring tools. Most research in the field of fidelity has primarily concentrated on the temperature and pressure control of cores that have already been drilled by corers. However, since the drill bit cutting teeth directly contacts the core, ensuring fidelity control during the drilling process is crucial. Few previous research has explored the relationship between the structural parameters of the bit and fidelity performance. This paper proposes the influence of back-rake and side-rake angles on the fidelity performance of the drill bit's structure parameters, adopts the Drucker-Prager criterion as the rock-yielding criterion, and conducts 3D finite element analysis on the drilling and breaking process of the core drill bit. This analysis helps identify the relationship between core drill bit parameters and fidelity coring performance. Furthermore, optimizing the design of the core drill bit's structure parameters and improving the effect of deep in-situ coring is of great significance.

4.. -Lines 1-3 are a very general and confusing statement. Please rewrite or explain it further i.e Traditional energy sources? please add some examples; What does it mean by shallow parts? is it with respect to depth or something else ?; Deep resources? Line 76-87.Please explain a little bit about what is meant for the “deep extreme environment” specifically which is also shown in the title.

[Response]：We are very sorry for our unclearly writing and description. Traditional energy refers to surface oil, coal and other resources. We have added an explanation of extreme environments to the abstract. Deep rock formations in extreme environments are characterised by complex working conditions, various structures, high hardness and high resistance to compression. As the physical and chemical properties of rocks in the deep in-situ environment are very different from those at ambient temperature and pressure, obtaining in-situ rock samples and studying their relevant properties is essential to achieve a practical evaluation of deep resources.

5.-Is any specific rock type considered in this study? i.e. this studies is feasible for a certain type of rock?

[Response]： We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this. The rock types studied in this paper refer to specific high hardness rock formations exceeding 1000 metres. Deep rock formations in extreme environments are characterised by complex working conditions, diverse fossil structures, high hardness and high compressibility.

6.-Line 76-77: mention some engineering applications

-Line 76-87-Also explain in lines 76-87 and also in the conclusion about the commercial application of this study. Which type of industry could get most of the benefits from this study i.e. oil and gas or mining industries?

[Response]： We are very sorry for our unclearly writing and description .Both the oil and gas and mining industries could benefit from this research. In the oil and gas industry, the new coring tool and in-situ simulation device can help to improve the efficiency and safety of resource exploration and production in deep and ultra-deep areas. In the mining industry, the research can provide theoretical support for the development of deep mining technology, which can improve the efficiency and safety of mining operations in deep and ultra-deep mines.

7.-Section 3.3: Are simulation studies being done by considering the rock’s physical and mechanical properties i.e. different rocks have different properties?

[Response]： As with your comments, simulation studies need to be carried out taking into account the physical and mechanical properties of the rock, which vary from rock to rock. We thank the Reviewer for suggesting this. The rock types studied in this paper refer to specific high-hardness rock formations exceeding 1000 metres. Deep rock formations in extreme environments are characterised by complex working conditions, diverse fossil structures, high hardness and high compressibility.

The article's new research approach uses a combination of theory and simulation to explore the effect of drill structure parameters on fidelity performance. We have also added some assumptions about the rocks to make understanding clearer because of the complex working conditions at depthThe following hypothesis is made for the calculation model:

(1) The cutting teeth and the PDC coring bit are set as rigid bodies during the simulation;

(2) The rock is set up as a continuous homogeneous medium with constant velocity and drilling pressure acting on the cutting teeth and bit;

(3) The helical motion of the cutting teeth is replaced by a linear motion in the single tooth force simulation, and the effect of tooth wear on the fidelity of the core drill bit is not considered.

8.Section 5: Could the author further indicate what conclusions the discussion leads to?

In the past, limited research has been conducted on developing fidelity coring tools. Most research in the field of fidelity has primarily concentrated on the temperature and pressure control of cores that have already been drilled by corers. However, since the drill bit cutting teeth directly contacts the core, ensuring fidelity control during the drilling process is crucial. Very few previous research has explored the relationship between the structural parameters of the bit and fidelity performance. The simulation results show that the tool's average cutting force and cutting force criterion increase as the drill bit's structural parameters' back-rake and side-rake angles vary. This leads to increased shear friction on the core, which affects the maximum stress and mechanical specific energy, and, subsequently the fidelity of the core. The back-rake angles ranged from 15° to 25°, with the optimum back-rake angle of 21° producing a maximum stress and mechanical specific energy of 0.69 and 0.85 times higher than the highest point, respectively. The side-rake angles ranged from 5° to 15°, with the best side-rake angle of 10° producing a maximum stress and mechanical specific energy of 0.76 and 0.96 times higher than the highest point, respectively. The FME method error was 1.21%. This work’s main results will help reveal the fidelity mechanisms of the drilling process and contribute to the development of fidelity drill bits for complex surface drilling processes.

Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Round 2

Reviewer 2 Report

The authors have done a good job of improving the article. However, before accepting, let the authors make a minor revision:

All abbreviations appearing for the first time in the article should be expanded. The reader should clearly understand what the authors mean.

For example, in an abstract, write finite element method (FME) instead of FME. Check the same throughout the text.

Author Response

Dear editor and reviewer,

Thanks very much for taking the time to review this manuscript. I appreciate all your comments and suggestions! We thank the reviewers for the time and effort they have put into reviewing the previous version of the manuscript. Their suggestions have enabled us to improve our work. Based on the instructions provided in your letter, We have therefore uploaded a copy of the original manuscript and highlighted all the changes in a different color (red). Attached to this letter is our point-by-point response to the comments made by the reviewers. These comments are reproduced, and our responses are given directly in a different color (blue). We would also like to thank you for allowing us to resubmit a revised copy of the manuscript. Thanks again!
We hope the revised manuscript is accepted for publication in the Journal of Applied Sciences. Response to comments is shown as follows:

Reviewer: 2

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

The authors have done a good job of improving the article. However, before accepting, let the authors make a minor revision: All abbreviations appearing for the first time in the article should be expanded. The reader should clearly understand what the authors mean. For example, in an abstract, write the finite element method (FME) instead of FME.

[Response]： We thank the reviewers for their suggestions. In our resubmission, we have revised the issue that all abbreviations appearing in the article for the first time should be expanded and checked for similar issues throughout the text.

For example,

FME: Finite Element Modelling

3D: Three-dimensional

PDC: Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

D-P : Drucker-Prager criterion

We have also revised the re-submission for formatting, grammar and image size issues.Thanks again!

Author Response File: Author Response.docx