Atmosphere, Volume 11, Issue 11

The freezing level in the free troposphere often intercepts the terrain of the world’s major mountain ranges, creating a rain–snow limit. In this work, we use the free tropospheric height of the 0 ${}^{°}$C isotherm ($H_0$) as a proxy of both l...

Atmospheric nitrogen deposition is of great concern to both air quality and the ecosystem, particularly in northern China, which covers one-quarter of China’s cultivated land and has many heavily air polluted cities. To understand the character...

The study analyzes the long-term trends (1998–2019) of concentrations of the air pollutants ozone (O₃) and nitrogen oxides (NO_x) as well as meteorological conditions at forest sites in German midrange mountains to evaluate changes in O₃ uptake...

Using ensemble forecast experiments generated by the weather research and forecasting model, the forecast uncertainties of intensity and its rapid intensification (RI) induced by the uncertainty occurring in the boundary layer are investigated for Ty...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone (O₃), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), meteorological parameters, and total non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) were analyzed from simultaneous measurements at the MSU-IAP (Moscow State University&mdas...

This study conducted a cluster analysis on the fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) data over Taiwan from 2006 to 2015 and diagnosed their association with the synoptic weather patterns. Five clusters are identified via a hierarchical clustering algorithm...

The current work presents the operational implementation and evaluation of a rapid response fire spread forecasting system, named IRIS, that was developed to provide support to the tactical wildfire suppression activities of the Hellenic Fire Corps....

Tsunamis are distinguished from ordinary waves and currents owing to their characteristic longer wavelengths. Although the occurrence frequency of tsunamis is low, it can contribute to the loss of a large number of human lives as well as property dam...

The Madeira International Airport (MIA) lies on the island’s south-eastern coast and it is known to be exposed to wind hazards. A link between these adverse winds at MIA and the synoptic-scale circulation is established using a weather type (WT...

The Twain-Hu basin (THB), covering the lower plain of Hubei and Hunan provinces in Central China, has experienced severe air pollution in recent years. However, the terrain effects of such sub-basin on air quality over the THB have been incomprehensi...

Epidemiological evidence shows that air pollution is responsible for several million premature deaths per year. By virtue of being responsible for these deaths, economic evidence shows that air pollution also imposes a so-called economic cost to soci...

The availability of in situ atmospheric observations decreases with elevation and topographic complexity. Data sets based on numerical atmospheric modeling, such as reanalysis data sets, represent an alternative source of information, but they often...

International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 356 Site U1461 represents one of the few records from the North West Australian shelf that provides information about aridity fluctuations in Australia during the Quaternary. A combination of ch...

Precipitation is essential for modeling the hydrologic behavior of watersheds. There exist multiple precipitation products of different sources and precision. We evaluate the influence of different precipitation product on model parameters and stream...

Meteor radar data collected over Langfang, China (39.4° N, 116.7° E) were used to estimate the momentum flux of short-period (less than 2 h) gravity waves (GWs) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT), using the Hocking (2005) analysis...

Despite compelling reports on asbestos-like pathogenicity, regulatory bodies have been hesitant to implement fiber number-based exposure limits for biodurable nanoscale fibers. One reason has been the lack of a practicable strategy for assessing airb...

The history of the COSMO (COnsortium for Small-scale Modelling) model goes back to the early 1990s, when the Deutscher Wetterdienst (German Meteorological Service, DWD) decided to develop a non-hydrostatic model, the Lokalmodell (LM) [...]

Inducing civil aviation aircraft to bumpiness, atmospheric turbulence is a typical risk that seriously threatens flight safety. The Eddy Dissipation Rate (EDR) value, as an aircraft-independent turbulence severity indicator, is estimated by a vertica...

Extratropical cyclones (ETCs) over the Northwest Pacific are identified and tracked by applying an objective tracking algorithm to the 6-h time interval relative vorticity fields from the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) rea...

Gravity wave (GW) breaking and associated GW drag is not uniformly distributed among latitudes and longitudes. In particular, regions of enhanced GW breaking, so-called GW hotspots, have been identified, major Northern Hemisphere examples being locat...

Air pollution causes more damage to health and economy than previously understood, contributing to approximately one in six deaths globally. However, pollution reduction policies remain controversial even when proven effective and cost negative, part...

An analysis of 17 years of half-hourly aeronautic observations (METAR) and special observations (SPECI) in the three international airports of mainland Portugal indicates strong variations in fog properties. Fog is a rare event at Faro, a winter phen...

In atmospheric modeling, an accurate representation of land cover is required because such information impacts water and energy budgets and, consequently, the performance of models in simulating regional climate. This study analyzes the impact of the...

The technologies underlying fire and smoke detection systems play a crucial role in ensuring and delivering optimal performance in modern surveillance environments. In fact, fire can cause significant damage to lives and properties. Considering that...

In this study, a real-time volcanic ash plume prediction by the PUFF system was applied to the Sakurajima volcano (which erupted at 17:24 Japan Standard Time (JST) on 8 November 2019), using the direct observation of the multi-parameter (MP) radar da...

This study uses Las Vegas near-road measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NO_x) to test the consistency of onroad emission constraint methodologies. We derive commonly used CO to NO_x ratios (∆CO:∆NO_x) from cross-road gradients and...

Climate modelling output that was provided under the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) shows significant changes in model-specific Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) as compared to CMIP5. The newer versions of many Global Climat...

Drought is a natural disaster affecting agriculture worldwide. Drought mitigation and proactive response require a comprehensive vulnerability mapping approach considering various factors. This study investigates the vulnerability to agricultural dro...

Local Convection in Dabie Mountains (LCDM) occurs more frequently over the Dabie Mountains and brings severe weather to adjacent areas. In order to understand the characteristics of LCDM, their spatial distribution, the monthly and diurnal variations...

The physical description of the atmosphere’s general circulation over Northern South America and Meso-America deserves a more comprehensive explanation. This work presents the Pacific coast of Colombia as the rainiest place on Earth, with annua...

This study proposes an approach of evaluating the haze stress index (HSI) and quantifying people’s feelings for haze stress. The three special municipalities in Taiwan were selected as representative cities of slightly, moderately, and heavily...

The purpose of the study was the analysis of spatial data gained by biomonitoring with the use of mosses. A partial goal was set to characterize the regional atmospheric deposition of pollutants in the air based on the results of the analyses and sim...

The highly reactive nature of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) impacts the biosphere by acting as a precursor of ozone and aerosols that influence air quality and climate. Here, we assess the influence of BVOCs and their oxidation products...

Bayesian additive regression tree (BART) is a recent statistical method that combines ensemble learning and nonparametric regression. BART is constructed under a probabilistic framework that also allows for model-based prediction uncertainty quantifi...

Thermal environment of urban areas in the summertime has become harmful to human health due to global warming and the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Mobile observations enable us to obtain the distribution of air temperature at microscale, such as u...

The Special Issue on climate indices and climate change deals with various kinds of indices exits to assess weather and climate over a region. These indices might be based on local, regional, remote variables, which may affect and define the weather...

Background and goals: The estimate of the internal dose provided by physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling is a big step forward in the frame of human health risk assessment (HRA) from contaminating sources. The PBPK model included in...

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions pose a global climate challenge and the mining sector is a large contributor. Diurnal and seasonal variations of area-fugitive methane advective flux, released from an open-pit mine and a tailings pond, from a facility...

Net radiation is an important component of the earth’s surface energy balance, which plays a vital role in the evolution of regional climate or climate change. The estimation of this component at regional or global scales is critical and challe...

The article analyzes the chemical composition (ions, elements, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) of the atmospheric aerosol in the near-water layer of the atmosphere above Lake Baikal during wildfires in Siberia. Aerosol deposition affects the aq...

Poland faces two great challenges in the field of environment and atmosphere protection: improving air quality, especially by reducing particulate matter (PM) emissions, and reducing relatively high greenhouse gas emissions. The aim of this research...

Satellite-based and reanalysis products are precipitation data sources with high potential, which may exhibit high uncertainties over areas with a complex climate and terrain. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the latest versions of six pr...

In this paper, the rainfall trend of the West Coast Plain and Hill Agro-Climatic Region is analyzed for 117 years (1901–2017). This region is a globally recognized biodiversity hotspot and known for one of the highest rainfall receiving regions...

We investigated the characteristics of surface wind speeds and temperatures predicted by the local data assimilation and prediction system (LDAPS) operated by the Korean Meteorological Administration. First, we classified automated weather stations (...

The Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) area that experiences high temperature and intense solar radiation falls into the moderate nonattainment classification. The variation in meteorological parameters plays an important role in ambient ozone levels variation....

Brazil’s territory is considerably large and characterized by a variety of climate patterns, which allows the identification of regional climate specificities. The objective of this study was to identify a typology of climatic characteristics f...

Climate sensitivity and feedback processes are important for understanding Earth’s system response to increased CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere. Many modelling groups that contribute to Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6)...

Fast radiative transfer (RT) methods are commonplace in most algorithms which retrieve the column-averaged dry-mole fraction of carbon dioxide (XCO${}_2$) in the Earth’s atmosphere. These methods are required to keep the computational effort at a ma...

Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM_{2 [...]}

The aim of the present paper is to investigate the level of airborne wear particles released during the dyno-bench tests with the brake pads consisting of alkali-activated slag as an abrasive. Airborne wear particles are generated with a full-scale d...