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Computers, Volume 14, Issue 2

February 2025 - 46 articles

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Cover Story: Optical character recognition (OCR) has made remarkable progress with deep learning, yet challenges persist in scenarios involving color distortions, such as those experienced by individuals with color blindness. This paper investigates the robustness of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) against red–green distortions by leveraging the Ishihara-Like MNIST dataset. By training and evaluating six distinct architectures, including MNIST, LeNet5, VGG16, AlexNet, and two custom models, this work explores architectural changes and hyperparameter tuning to enhance model performance. Our findings demonstrate the significant improvements over prior benchmarks, offering insights into CNN adaptability in visually challenging environments. View this paper

Articles (46)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,538 Views
46 Pages

18 February 2025

Gamification has become a motivational technique for enhancing engagement and productivity, extending into agile software development. However, integrating gamification into agile frameworks such as the Scrum framework has led to the emergence of gam...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,864 Views
19 Pages

Using Augmented Reality to Improve Touristic Efficacy

  • Miguel Cabeleira and
  • Carlos Vaz de Carvalho

18 February 2025

The tourism sector, a major economic contributor, seeks innovative approaches to enhance the user experience. In this evolving landscape of global tourism, using augmented reality (AR) technology can be a way to increase the engagement of tourists, b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,758 Views
21 Pages

Enhancing Cognitive Workload Classification Using Integrated LSTM Layers and CNNs for fNIRS Data Analysis

  • Mehshan Ahmed Khan,
  • Houshyar Asadi,
  • Mohammad Reza Chalak Qazani,
  • Adetokunbo Arogbonlo,
  • Siamak Pedrammehr,
  • Adnan Anwar,
  • Hailing Zhou,
  • Lei Wei,
  • Asim Bhatti and
  • Sam Oladazimi
  • + 2 authors

17 February 2025

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is employed as a non-invasive method to monitor functional brain activation by capturing changes in the concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR). Various machine lea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,171 Views
21 Pages

Modified Ant Colony Optimization to Improve Energy Consumption of Cruiser Boundary Tour with Internet of Underwater Things

  • Hadeel Mohammed,
  • Mustafa Ibrahim,
  • Ahmed Raoof,
  • Amjad Jaleel and
  • Ayad Q. Al-Dujaili

17 February 2025

The Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) holds significant promise for developing a smart ocean. In recent years, there has been swift progress in data collection methods using autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) within underwater acoustic sensor n...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,397 Views
37 Pages

Energy Implications of Mitigating Side-Channel Attacks on Branch Prediction

  • Fahad Alqurashi,
  • Muhammad Al-Hashimi,
  • Mostafa Saleh and
  • Osama Abulnaja

16 February 2025

Spectre variants 1 and 2 pose grave security threats to dynamic branch predictors in modern CPUs. While extensive research has focused on mitigating these attacks, little attention has been given to their energy and power implications. This study pre...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,429 Views
19 Pages

16 February 2025

Road classification, knowing whether we are driving in the city, in rural areas, or on the highway, can improve the performance of modern driver assistance systems and contribute to understanding driving habits. This study focuses on solving this pro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,584 Views
16 Pages

Detection of Surgical Instruments Based on Synthetic Training Data

  • Leon Wiese,
  • Lennart Hinz,
  • Eduard Reithmeier,
  • Philippe Korn and
  • Michael Neuhaus

15 February 2025

Due to a significant shortage of healthcare staff, medical facilities are increasingly challenged by the need to deploy current staff more intensively, which can lead to significant complications for patients and staff. Digital surgical assistance sy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,405 Views
26 Pages

Educational Data Mining and Predictive Modeling in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: An In-Depth Analysis of Research Dynamics

  • Eloy López-Meneses,
  • Pedro C. Mellado-Moreno,
  • Celia Gallardo Herrerías and
  • Noelia Pelícano-Piris

14 February 2025

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the research dynamics on the use of Educational Data Mining (EDM) and predictive modeling (PM) in the era of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based on the review of 793 articles published between 2000 and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,605 Views
42 Pages

13 February 2025

Cyber timeline analysis or forensic timeline analysis is critical in digital forensics and incident response (DFIR) investigations. It involves examining artefacts and events—particularly their timestamps and associated metadata—to detect...

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