Associations between Yogurt, Dairy, Calcium, and Vitamin D Intake and Obesity among U.S. Children Aged 8–18 Years: NHANES, 2005–2008
by
Debra R. Keast 1, Kathleen M. Hill Gallant 2,*, Ann M. Albertson 3, Carolyn K. Gugger 3 and Norton M. Holschuh 4
Debra R. Keast 1, Kathleen M. Hill Gallant 2,*, Ann M. Albertson 3, Carolyn K. Gugger 3 and Norton M. Holschuh 4
1
Food & Nutrition Database Research Inc., Okemos, MI 48864, USA
2
Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
3
Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, MN 55427, USA
4
Statistics Department, General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, MN 55440, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2015, 7(3), 1577-1593; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7031577
Received: 31 July 2014 / Revised: 11 February 2015 / Accepted: 13 February 2015 / Published: 3 March 2015
The aim of this study was to investigate associations of yogurt and dairy consumption with energy, macronutrient, calcium, and vitamin D intakes, and associations with indicators of overweight/obesity in U.S. children in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2005–2008). Using 24-hour recall data, children 8–18 years of age were classified to dairy consumption groups of <1, 1 to <2, or 2+ dairy servings, and yogurt consumers were those who reported eating yogurt during at least one of two dietary intake interviews. NHANES anthropometric measurements were used, and BMI and BMI-for-age percentiles were calculated. Yogurt and dairy consumption were associated with higher intakes of calcium, vitamin D and protein. Yogurt intake was associated with lower total fat and saturated fat intakes and body fat as measured by subscapular skinfold thickness. This study supports consumption of yogurt and higher amounts of dairy as eating patterns associated with greater intake of specific shortfall nutrients, and lower body fat in U.S. children.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Keast, D.R.; Hill Gallant, K.M.; Albertson, A.M.; Gugger, C.K.; Holschuh, N.M. Associations between Yogurt, Dairy, Calcium, and Vitamin D Intake and Obesity among U.S. Children Aged 8–18 Years: NHANES, 2005–2008. Nutrients 2015, 7, 1577-1593.
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