Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction

5 pages, 84 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Maxillofacial Fractures of Pedestrians Injured in a Motor Vehicle Accident

by Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Yumiko Matsusue, Satoshi Horita, Kazuhiro Murakami, Yoshihiro Ueyama, Tsutomu Sugiura and Tadaaki Kirita

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 37-41; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1333881 - 31 Jan 2013

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 49

Abstract

Maxillofacial fractures of pedestrians injured in a motor vehicle accident were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were 38 males and 26 females, and their age was distributed almost evenly from 1 to 91 years old (average 45.9 ± 24.8 years old). Motor vehicle collisions [...] Read more.

Maxillofacial fractures of pedestrians injured in a motor vehicle accident were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were 38 males and 26 females, and their age was distributed almost evenly from 1 to 91 years old (average 45.9 ± 24.8 years old). Motor vehicle collisions were with an automobile in 46 patients (71.9%), a motorcycle in 17 (26.6%), and a train in 1 (1.6%). The midface was involved in 32 patients (50.0%), the mandible in 19 (29.7%), and both the mandible and the midface in 13 (20.3%). Fractures were frequently observed in the zygoma and alveolus in the midface and in the condyle, symphysis, and body in the mandible. The facial injury severity scale (FISS) rating ranged from 1 to 9 (average 2.30 ± 1.79). Injuries to other sites of the body occurred in 29 patients (45.3%). Observation was most frequently chosen in 26 patients (40.6%), followed by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in 18 (28.1%), and maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) in 8 (12.5%). The FISS rating was higher in patients treated with ORIF and MMF. Injuries to other sites of the body were observed at a higher rate in patients who collided with an automobile and were also treated by ORIF. Full article

6 pages, 347 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Transfusion Requirements in Microsurgical Reconstruction in Maxillofacial Surgery: Ethical and Legal Problems of Patients Who Are Jehovah's Witnesses

by Lorena Pingarron Martin, Javier Arias-Gallo, Hanna Perez-Chrzanowska, Pilar Ruiz Seco, Javier Gonzalez M. Moro and Miguel Burgueño-Garcia

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 31-36; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1333828 - 24 Jan 2013

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 40

Abstract

Objective To study transfusion requirements in patients with cancer undergoing head and neck reconstructive surgery and to discuss surgical and anesthetic strategies to reduce blood loss when the patient is a Jehovah’s Witness. Material and Methods A descriptive study to expose the percentage [...] Read more.

Objective To study transfusion requirements in patients with cancer undergoing head and neck reconstructive surgery and to discuss surgical and anesthetic strategies to reduce blood loss when the patient is a Jehovah’s Witness. Material and Methods A descriptive study to expose the percentage of blood transfusions performed in patients with cancer undergoing microsurgical reconstructions in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of the referred hospital in the past 9 years. Results Two hundred thirty-seven microsurgical reconstructions were performed in head and neck tumors between January 2001 and December 2009. Statistical analysis shows a significant decrease (p = 0.035) in the number of patients needing transfusions patients in recent years. Conclusions The treatment of patients who are Jehovah’s Witnesses is an ethical and moral dilemma for the clinician and in particular for surgeons. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

7 pages, 391 KiB

Open AccessReview

Frey's Syndrome Consequent to an Unusual Pattern of Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation: Case Report with Review of Its Incidence and Etiology

by Rajay A. D. Kamath, Shiva Bharani and Suhas Prabhakar

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 1-7; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1332210 - 23 Jan 2013

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 63

Abstract

Frey's syndrome was first described in the 18th century. Recognizing it as a nonspecific condition, the symptom of gustatory sweating in patients with parotid gland inflammation was described by Duphenix and Baillarger. However, as a specific diagnostic entity, gustatory sweating, following trauma to [...] Read more.

Frey's syndrome was first described in the 18th century. Recognizing it as a nonspecific condition, the symptom of gustatory sweating in patients with parotid gland inflammation was described by Duphenix and Baillarger. However, as a specific diagnostic entity, gustatory sweating, following trauma to parotid glands, was first described by Polish neurologist Lucie Frey, in 1923, and hence he proposed the term auriculotemporal syndrome. The condition is characterized by sweating, flushing, a sense of warmth, and occasional pain in the preauricular and temporal areas, following the production of a strong salivary stimulus. Several etiologies of Frey's syndrome have been mentioned in the literature; however, none attribute dislocation of the “intact” mandibular condyle as a cause of the syndrome. Reviewing its pathophysiology, etiology, and incidence in detail, we describe a case of Frey's syndrome subsequent to superolateral dislocation of the intact mandibular condyle following fracture of the anterior mandible. Its management and prevention are also discussed in brief. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

8 pages, 491 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

The Use of a Bioadhesive (BioGlue^®) Secured Conchal Graft and Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis to Correct Pediatric Facial Asymmetry as Result of Unilateral Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis

by Joseph Kamal Muhammad, Bader Abdulla Al Hashimi, Abu Bakr Al Mansoor and Iqbal Ali

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 49-56; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1332208 - 18 Jan 2013

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 55

Abstract

The rehabilitation of children affected by early traumatic facial deformity is a challenge for both the craniofacial team and the child's family. Although the immediate goals of surgery are to restore both form and function, the psychological needs of the growing child must [...] Read more.

The rehabilitation of children affected by early traumatic facial deformity is a challenge for both the craniofacial team and the child's family. Although the immediate goals of surgery are to restore both form and function, the psychological needs of the growing child must also be addressed. Early surgery may be required to assist integration of the child into the community and thereby avert both social isolation and stigmatization of the child. Timed correctly, such surgery has the potential to harness the patient's own growth to assist in correction of the deformity and to maintain some of the surgical gains. The use of autogenous tissue rather than nondegradable implants to facilitate craniofacial reconstruction in the growing child avoids some of the concerns associated with permanent implants. These include both their potential to adversely affect growth and to migrate. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how advances in tissue adhesion using protein polymers (BioGlue^®; CryoLife, Inc., Kennesaw, GA) and bone regeneration techniques (distraction osteogenesis) have been used to correct the disfiguring and functional problems associated with unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis acquired in early childhood. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 454 KiB

Open AccessReview

Pediatric Orbital Fractures

by Adam J. Oppenheimer, Laura A. Monson and Steven R. Buchman

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 9-20; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1332213 - 16 Jan 2013

Cited by 47 | Viewed by 73

Abstract

It is wise to recall the dictum “children are not small adults” when managing pediatric orbital fractures. In a child, the craniofacial skeleton undergoes significant changes in size, shape, and proportion as it grows into maturity. Accordingly, the craniomaxillofacial surgeon must select an [...] Read more.

It is wise to recall the dictum “children are not small adults” when managing pediatric orbital fractures. In a child, the craniofacial skeleton undergoes significant changes in size, shape, and proportion as it grows into maturity. Accordingly, the craniomaxillofacial surgeon must select an appropriate treatment strategy that considers both the nature of the injury and the child's stage of growth. The following review will discuss the management of pediatric orbital fractures, with an emphasis on clinically oriented anatomy and development. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

2 pages, 128 KiB

Open AccessLetter

Innovative Intraoperative Titanium Mesh Preparation for Safer Implantation

by Vigneswaran Nallathamby, Hanjing Lee, Jane Lim, Wei Chen Ong and Thiam Chye Lim

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 65-66; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1329544 - 15 Jan 2013

Viewed by 51

Abstract

Titanium meshes have been extensively used in craniomaxillofacial surgery. The benefits of these titanium implants include being inert, stable, and radiopaque and having good drainage properties. The titanium mesh is cut to shape and bent before implantation, which may give rise to the [...] Read more.

Titanium meshes have been extensively used in craniomaxillofacial surgery. The benefits of these titanium implants include being inert, stable, and radiopaque and having good drainage properties. The titanium mesh is cut to shape and bent before implantation, which may give rise to the cut edges being jagged and sharp. This can lead to soft tissue being caught or lacerated by these sharp ends. A change in technique to cut and shape the implant may reduce this problem. The implant should be cut right at the end of the bars flush with the remaining parts of the implant. We present a new and simple method for smoothing these troublesome edges. We use the diathermy scratch pad or tip cleaner, a tool used frequently in every major surgery. This scratch pad can be used as a rasp to smoothen the edges of the titanium mesh once it is cut into shape. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

5 pages, 178 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Use of 3-D Plate in Displaced Angle Fracture of Mandible

by Uma Shanker Pal, R.K. Singh, Satish Dhasmana, Somdipto Das and Sanjib K. Das

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 25-29; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1332211 - 15 Jan 2013

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 54

Abstract

Introduction Mandibular angle fractures can be treated by variousmethods, but even the most popular methods may not be able to give satisfactory results, as the pterygomasseteric sling and masticatory forces can result in displaced angle fracture. These displaced fragments cannot be satisfactorily retained [...] Read more.

Introduction Mandibular angle fractures can be treated by variousmethods, but even the most popular methods may not be able to give satisfactory results, as the pterygomasseteric sling and masticatory forces can result in displaced angle fracture. These displaced fragments cannot be satisfactorily retained by single miniplate fixation. The aim of this study is to assess treatment of displaced angle fracture with 3-D miniplate fixation. This study can also be considered as a therapeutic study with level V evidence. Materials and Methods This study was designed to assess the feasibility of 3-D matrix miniplate fixation in displaced angle fractures. Eighteen patients with displaced angle fractures were included in this study. Matrix miniplate fixation was done transorally under general anesthesia. Results All these cases were treated successfully, and common complications like infection (5.5% of patients), wound dehiscence (11%), paresthesia (16.7%), and malocclusion (11%) were observed in our study. Conclusions Three-dimensional miniplate fixation in displaced angle fractures provides better stability and function. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

4 pages, 252 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Peculiarities of Employment of Polymeric Miniplates for Mandibular Osteosynthesis: A Preliminary Study

by Yan Vares

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 21-24; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1332214 - 9 Jan 2013

Viewed by 37

Abstract

Searching for new materials for bone substitution, fixation, and reconstruction is a challenging task that attracts scientists and researchers of different fields of medicine. During the last few decades, much interest has been paid to polymeric materials, polyethylene in particular. The aim of [...] Read more.

Searching for new materials for bone substitution, fixation, and reconstruction is a challenging task that attracts scientists and researchers of different fields of medicine. During the last few decades, much interest has been paid to polymeric materials, polyethylene in particular. The aim of this study is to present generalizations about our own experience in the employment of polyethylene miniplates for the surgical treatment of mandibular fractures. Ninety patients with 139 uni- and bilateral mandibular fractures in different locations were involved. Treatment modalities included open reduction and internal fixation with self-made polyethylene miniplates of straight, T-shaped, Y-shaped, and X-shaped configurations and titanium screws. In 88 (97.8%) cases of surgical treatment of mandibular fractures using polymer miniplates, good anatomical and functional results were achieved. Regardless of the necessity for improvement of some mechanical properties of polyethylene, the results obtained in our clinical investigation allow us to recommend polyethylene miniplates for routine practice. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

6 pages, 190 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Controversies in the Satisfaction of Surgeons and Orthodontists on Facial Aesthetics After Orthognathic Surgery

by Leonardo Faverani, Gabriel Ramalho-Ferreira, Ellen Jardim, Marcelo Goiato, Flavia Pereira, Claudio Pastori and Idelmo Garcia Junior

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 43-48; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1332209 - 7 Jan 2013

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 56

Abstract

Aim Acceptable facial aesthetics is a common desire among patients presenting with dentofacial deformities planning to undergo orthognathic surgeries. Thus, professionals must be alert to their patients’ complaints as well as their desires regarding facial morphology, because this is quite subjective and personal. [...] Read more.

Aim Acceptable facial aesthetics is a common desire among patients presenting with dentofacial deformities planning to undergo orthognathic surgeries. Thus, professionals must be alert to their patients’ complaints as well as their desires regarding facial morphology, because this is quite subjective and personal. This research aimed at evaluating the different views of orthodontists and oral maxillofacial surgeons regarding the facial analysis of patients who undergo orthognathic surgery. Methods Thirty individuals were selected with a minimum postoperative period of 6 months and photographed in the frontal and profile norm. Facial morphology characteristics were recorded to observe the agreement of the assessments of four professionals (two orthodontists and two surgeons). Results A significant agreement was seen between the orthodontists regarding the nasolabial angle (80%). In the frontal analysis, the agreement percentage (60%) between orthodontists and surgeons was considerable regarding facial asymmetry assessment. Conclusions Professionals must keep alert to facial analysis, especially in terms of tegumental harmony, for the orthognathic surgery to reestablish, satisfactorily, the facial aesthetics in all parameters set. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

3 pages, 132 KiB

Open AccessTechnical Note

Cosmetic Tattooing of Free Flaps Following Head and Neck Reconstruction

by Martin D. Batstone, Carly M. Fox, Mary E. Dingley and C. Peter Cornelius

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 61-63; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1330840 - 11 Dec 2012

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 65

Abstract

Free flap reconstruction of the head and neck is a widespread procedure. The aesthetic outcome is frequently compromised by color mismatch between the donor site skin and the complex pigmentation of the face. Various surgical procedures have been described to improve the appearance [...] Read more.

Free flap reconstruction of the head and neck is a widespread procedure. The aesthetic outcome is frequently compromised by color mismatch between the donor site skin and the complex pigmentation of the face. Various surgical procedures have been described to improve the appearance of external skin paddles. Medical tattooing is commonly used for nipple pigmentation in breast reconstruction and cosmetic procedures such as permanent makeup. This article describes the technique and its application to head and neck reconstruction. Medical tattooing can be used to improve the cosmetic appearance of head and neck free flaps. There is no donor site morbidity and subtle changes in color can be replicated. The article describes the technique of medical tattooing with the use of illustrative cases. Medical tattooing is a viable alternative for improving the appearance of cutaneous skin paddles following head and neck reconstruction with free flaps. Its advantages include no donor site morbidity, availability of an infinite range of colors, no requirement for general anesthesia, and the ability to use multiple colors in the one flap for complex pigmentation requirements. Its disadvantages include the need for specialized skills and equipment and the fading of color over time. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

3 pages, 176 KiB

Open AccessTechnical Note

A Modified Kole's Osteotomy for Correction of Anterior Open Bite and Macrogenia in a Cleft Patient

by Manikandhan Ramanathan and Srinivasan H. Rao

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr. 2013, 6(1), 57-59; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1329546 - 11 Dec 2012

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 66

Abstract

We present a modified technique to close anterior open bite as well as to correct anterior and vertical macrogenia without sacrificing the lowermost symphyseal segment, in comparison with conventional Kole's osteotomy, which can alter the symmetric bone architecture of the chin and jeopardize [...] Read more.

We present a modified technique to close anterior open bite as well as to correct anterior and vertical macrogenia without sacrificing the lowermost symphyseal segment, in comparison with conventional Kole's osteotomy, which can alter the symmetric bone architecture of the chin and jeopardize the blood supply of the sandwich segments. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Craniomaxillofac. Trauma Reconstr., Volume 6, Issue 1 (March 2013) – 11 articles

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI