International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

11 pages, 1617 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Perceptions of Health Risks and Accessibility: A Social Media-Based Pilot Study of Factors Influencing Use of Vaping and Combustible Tobacco Products

by Enitan Banjo, Zoya Ahadian, Nikita Kasaraneni, Howard Chang, Sarala Perera, Kristen Emory and Laura E. Crotty Alexander

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 800; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050800 (registering DOI) - 20 May 2025

Abstract

The prevalence of e-cigarette use (vaping) in young adults is concerning, particularly because the initiation of combustible tobacco use is higher in e-cigarette vapers. It is unclear why young, never-smoker vapers decide to start smoking cigarettes, but they may be influenced by perceptions [...] Read more.

The prevalence of e-cigarette use (vaping) in young adults is concerning, particularly because the initiation of combustible tobacco use is higher in e-cigarette vapers. It is unclear why young, never-smoker vapers decide to start smoking cigarettes, but they may be influenced by perceptions of health risks and accessibility. We designed a social media questionnaire to assess factors driving the initiation of combustible tobacco use by e-cigarette vapers (multi-inhalant use) and switches between inhalant types. Respondents reported an earlier initiation of combustible tobacco versus vaping (18 vs. 19, respectively, p < 0.0001), greater ease of obtaining combustibles versus vaping products (p < 0.01), and pleasure of vaping being equivalent to that of smoking. The majority of subjects (57%) reported smoking first prior to adding vaping devices, 32% reported initiating both smoking and vaping within 12 months of one another, and 11% reported initiating vaping first. Among respondents (n = 864) who switched from vaping to smoking (n = 104), the primary reasons included 1. the perception that smoking was healthier (44%) and 2. greater accessibility of cigarettes (40%). For those who switched from smoking to vaping (n = 178), the predominant motivations included 1. having friends or family who vape (40%) and 2. the perception that vaping was healthier (36%). Among multi-inhalant users (n = 223), key factors driving this behavior included 1. increased enjoyment (47%) and 2. greater variety (42%). Our findings imply that there is no single, dominant reason driving the initiation of combustible use or switching from one inhalant to another. Further, tobacco users are receiving mixed messaging, leading many to believe that combustible tobacco is the healthier option. Public health interventions are needed to prevent the initiation of e-cigarette vaping by youth and to educate the public about the health effects of tobacco products. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regulating the Use of Electronic Devices for Vaping and Vaping to Promote Youth and Young Adult Health)

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35 pages, 1464 KiB

Open AccessReview

Pharmaceuticals and Microplastics in Aquatic Environments: A Comprehensive Review of Pathways and Distribution, Toxicological and Ecological Effects

by Haithem Aib, Md. Sohel Parvez and Herta Mária Czédli

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 799; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050799 (registering DOI) - 20 May 2025

Abstract

Pharmaceuticals and microplastics are persistent emerging contaminants that pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and ecological health. Although extensively reviewed individually, a comprehensive, integrated assessment of their environmental pathways, bioaccumulation dynamics, and toxicological impacts remains limited. This review synthesizes current research on the [...] Read more.

Pharmaceuticals and microplastics are persistent emerging contaminants that pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and ecological health. Although extensively reviewed individually, a comprehensive, integrated assessment of their environmental pathways, bioaccumulation dynamics, and toxicological impacts remains limited. This review synthesizes current research on the environmental fate and impact of pharmaceuticals and microplastics, emphasizing their combined influence on aquatic organisms and ecosystems. This review provides a thorough and comprehensive examination of their predominant pathways, sources, and distribution, highlighting wastewater disposal, agricultural runoff, and atmospheric deposition. Studies indicate that pharmaceuticals, such as antibiotics and painkillers, are detected in concentrations ranging from ng/L to μg/L in surface waters, while MPs are found in densities up to 106 particles/m³ in some marine and freshwater systems. The toxicological effects of these pollutants on aquatic organisms, particularly fish, are discussed, with emphasis on bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the food chain, physiological effects including effects on growth, reproduction, immune system performance, and behavioral changes. The ecological consequences, including disruptions to trophic dynamics and ecosystem stability, are also addressed. Although valuable efforts, mitigation and remediation strategies remain inadequate, and further research is needed because they do not capture the scale and complexity of these hazards. This review highlights the urgent need to advance treatment technologies, establish comprehensive regulatory frameworks, and organize intensive research on long-term ecological impacts to address the environmental threats posed by pharmaceuticals and microplastics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sciences)

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1 pages, 172 KiB

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: Ebrahim et al. The Prevalence of Falls Among Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care Facilities in the City of Cape Town. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22, 432

by Nabilah Ebrahim, Jaron Ras, Rucia November and Lloyd Leach

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 798; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050798 (registering DOI) - 20 May 2025

Abstract

Jaron Ras and Rucia November were not included as authors in the original publication [...] Full article

17 pages, 371 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Community Engagement Within the Evaluation of Public Policies for Zoonotic Spillover Prevention: A Secondary Matrix Analysis

by Nicole Redvers, Yasaman Mohammadi Kamalabadi, Danya Carroll, Mohammad Yasir Essar and Omnia El Omrani

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 797; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050797 (registering DOI) - 18 May 2025

Abstract

Despite the overall health, economic, and social costs of zoonotic spillover, its impacts are not felt equally around the globe. Engaging local communities in primary spillover prevention may help to better ensure equity is considered in research and policy-making activities. Our study aimed [...] Read more.

Despite the overall health, economic, and social costs of zoonotic spillover, its impacts are not felt equally around the globe. Engaging local communities in primary spillover prevention may help to better ensure equity is considered in research and policy-making activities. Our study aimed to gain an understanding of how and at what level community engagement (CE) has been incorporated into the evaluation of public policies for zoonotic spillover prevention. We conducted a secondary analysis on an existing dataset from a systematic review, beginning with a structured deductive content analysis. A secondary matrix of analysis was engaged using an adapted CE tool for screening the included articles based on their level of CE. We then characterized relevant themes based on the CE elements within the included articles. Of the 95 articles included, 55 had no level of CE reported. Among the included articles that had some level of CE, elements included the platforming of community consultation, community training for involvement in spillover prevention research, cultural and language considerations being engaged, community protection and awareness programmes for public health and biosecurity, and community-centered data collection processes being engaged. Our findings highlight the persistent equity gaps in appropriately engaging affected communities within the evaluation of public policies for spillover prevention. Full article

46 pages, 698 KiB

Open AccessReview

Social Eating Among Child and Adult Hospital Patients: A Scoping Review

by Emily Barnes, Rebecca O’Connell, Claire Thompson, Jessica Brock, Caroline Heyes and Nancy Bostock

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 796; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050796 (registering DOI) - 18 May 2025

Abstract

Current policy attention to the ‘public plate’ includes a focus on food in hospitals. Recommendations for much-needed improvements include the provision of opportunities for patients to engage in ‘social dining’, which has been shown to have a range of benefits for health and [...] Read more.

Current policy attention to the ‘public plate’ includes a focus on food in hospitals. Recommendations for much-needed improvements include the provision of opportunities for patients to engage in ‘social dining’, which has been shown to have a range of benefits for health and well-being. However, there has been no synthesis of the literature on the topic to date. This scoping review sets out to identify and examine different types of evidence on social dining in the hospital context, factors shaping its implementation and impact, and knowledge gaps. Following comprehensive searches of two databases and a thorough screening process, 38 papers were included in the review. The outcomes and impacts of social dining were measured in a variety of ways across the studies. Social dining in hospitals can impact dietary intake and nutritional outcomes and have implications for patient well-being. These effects are moderated by a range of factors, including the age and needs of the patient group, eating environment, and presence of staff and visitors. Future research needs to focus on children and their families, an under-researched patient group that may be especially likely to benefit from the opportunity to eat with others in the hospital. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Child Welfare and Health Care)

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16 pages, 615 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Need for Recovery and Work–Family Conflict in the Armed Forces: A Latent Profile Analysis of Job Demands and Resources

by Francesco Pace, Cristina Moavero, Giuditta Cusimano and Giulia Sciotto

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 795; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050795 (registering DOI) - 18 May 2025

Abstract

Building on the Job Demands–Resources model, this study aims to investigate the interaction between job characteristics and work-related stress indicators in a sample of 211 Italian Armed Forces personnel. Using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), three distinct profiles emerged based on job demands (workload [...] Read more.

Building on the Job Demands–Resources model, this study aims to investigate the interaction between job characteristics and work-related stress indicators in a sample of 211 Italian Armed Forces personnel. Using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), three distinct profiles emerged based on job demands (workload and perception of performing high-risk work) and resources (relationships with colleagues and supervisors, perceived meaningfulness of work, and feedback received on quality of work). The first profile, characterized by high demands and low resources, was associated with higher levels of work–family conflict and need for recovery (an indicator of perceived fatigue at the end of the workday). The second profile, characterized by high resources and low demands, showed the lowest levels of both need for recovery and work–family conflict, while the third profile showed average scores on demands, resources, and outcome variables. These findings are in line with the chosen theoretical framework and prompt several reflections on work-related well-being in the armed forces and what can promote it. Stemming from the results is the importance of organizational interventions designed to protect employees’ well-being and support their effective functioning. Such interventions are particularly critical within the armed forces context, where operational performance has a direct impact on the safety and well-being of citizens. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promoting Health and Safety in the Workplace)

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14 pages, 309 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Attachment Type, Relationship Characteristics, and Sexual Function of Women: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Analysis

by Ioulia Kokka, Paraskevi Sotiropoulou and Iraklis Mourikis

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 794; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050794 (registering DOI) - 18 May 2025

Abstract

Background: Research has underscored that the attachment type could explain the association between sexual behavior and relational satisfaction. This study aimed to explore the relationship between attachment type, sexual function, and relationship characteristics of adult women. Methods: This cross-sectional study included an a [...] Read more.

Background: Research has underscored that the attachment type could explain the association between sexual behavior and relational satisfaction. This study aimed to explore the relationship between attachment type, sexual function, and relationship characteristics of adult women. Methods: This cross-sectional study included an a priori calculated sample of 304 women, who completed the Female Sexual Function Index, the Relationship Assessment Scale, and the Experiences in Close Relationships—Revised Scale. Results: Women with anxious attachment types reported higher levels of sexual arousal, orgasm, and satisfaction compared to other types, suggesting that emotional insecurity may intensify sexual intimacy within relationships. Overall, relational satisfaction was positively associated with various aspects of sexual function, particularly arousal and orgasmic function. Specifically, anxious attachment was associated with higher levels of sexual arousal, orgasm, and overall satisfaction, emphasizing the impact of relational dynamics on sexual well-being. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the significant role of attachment patterns and relational satisfaction in shaping women’s sexual function and experiences. The results suggest that therapeutic interventions aiming at the improvement of women’s sexual health should consider both attachment type and relational satisfaction as these factors are integral to the quality of sexual experience. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Behavioral and Mental Health)

16 pages, 600 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sexual and Reproductive Health Behaviors Among Young Black Women in the U.S. Before the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights for Addressing Future Challenges in STI and Pregnancy Prevention Within Key Female Populations

by Laurenia C. Mangum and Jaih Craddock

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 793; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050793 (registering DOI) - 17 May 2025

Viewed by 143

Abstract

New STI/HIV diagnoses disproportionately impact U.S. Black cisgender women at higher rates compared to other racial/ethnic U.S. cisgender women. Biomedical HIV prevention interventions, such as HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, have demonstrated lower uptake among Black women. Given the need to further develop prevention interventions [...] Read more.

New STI/HIV diagnoses disproportionately impact U.S. Black cisgender women at higher rates compared to other racial/ethnic U.S. cisgender women. Biomedical HIV prevention interventions, such as HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, have demonstrated lower uptake among Black women. Given the need to further develop prevention interventions that meet the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of U.S. Black women, this study aimed to identify and characterize condom use behaviors, sexual communication efficacy, and SRH healthcare utilization among sexually experienced young Black women (YBW) aged 18–25 (N = 206). Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing sexual and conception vulnerability, sexual/reproductive healthcare utilization, and sexual communication efficacy. Descriptive statistics and univariate analyses were conducted to identify correlations in sexual and reproductive behaviors. The results showed that 32% of YBW used a condom during their last sexual encounter. Five distinct trends in condom use were identified, three of which included condomless vaginal/oral sex. YBW reported high levels of sexual communication with sexual partners and consistent engagement in sexual/reproductive health care, including abortion care. Young Black women have diverse sexual/reproductive health needs and require culturally responsive patient-centered clinical practices aimed at reducing STI/HIV rates and unintended pregnancies. Future research could examine healthcare providers’ understanding of Black women’s SRH priorities and assess how this knowledge aligns with or diverges from established clinical guidelines and best practices. Such inquiries could illuminate potential gaps in provider education and clinical practice, ultimately informing the development of care models that are both evidence-based and responsive to the lived experiences of young Black women. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promoting Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health)

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20 pages, 2189 KiB

Open AccessReview

E-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury: A Comprehensive Review

by Mohammad Asim Amjad, Daniel Ocazionez Trujillo, Rosa M. Estrada-Y-Martin and Sujith V. Cherian

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 792; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050792 (registering DOI) - 17 May 2025

Viewed by 63

Abstract

E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is a critical and potentially fatal form of lung injury that gained considerable public health concern in 2019. The use of e-cigarettes and vaping products is causally associated with EVALI, a condition characterized by a [...] Read more.

E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is a critical and potentially fatal form of lung injury that gained considerable public health concern in 2019. The use of e-cigarettes and vaping products is causally associated with EVALI, a condition characterized by a constellation of respiratory symptoms, such as coughing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. This comprehensive narrative literature review explores the complexities of EVALI, including its association with the structure and composition of e-cigarettes and its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical and radiological manifestations, management strategies, and public health implications. Moreover, it uncovers the long-term repercussions of EVALI and underscores the ongoing research endeavors designed to mitigate and comprehend the risks associated with using e-cigarettes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue E-cigarettes and Vaping Products: Health Effects and Toxicological Impacts)

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15 pages, 342 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impaired Responses to In Vitro Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Stimulation After Long-Term, Rotating Shift Work

by Denise M. Jackson and Oscar Castanon-Cervantes

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 791; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050791 (registering DOI) - 17 May 2025

Viewed by 45

Abstract

Shift work is a common labor practice affecting nearly 30% of the U.S. workforce. Long-term, rotating-shift work is particularly harmful to health. Persistent sleep deprivation in shift workers, among other factors, facilitates the development of a state of subclinical but chronic systemic inflammation [...] Read more.

Shift work is a common labor practice affecting nearly 30% of the U.S. workforce. Long-term, rotating-shift work is particularly harmful to health. Persistent sleep deprivation in shift workers, among other factors, facilitates the development of a state of subclinical but chronic systemic inflammation with a high incidence and prevalence of infections and inflammation-related pathologies, suggesting an underlying disruption of immune responses. However, despite this state of chronic immune activation, cell-mediated inflammatory responses in rotating-shift workers are poorly understood. Here, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from rotating-shift workers and healthy day-shift workers and investigate their immune responses. The results showed that PBMCs from rotating-shift workers had a dampened inflammatory response. Specifically, the secretion of LPS-induced TNF-α in culture supernatants was significantly reduced compared to the response found in PBMCs from day-shift workers. However, anti-inflammatory responses, reflected by the secretion of LPS-induced IL-10, were indistinguishable between PBMCs from day-shift and rotating-shift workers. In addition, the correlation between the plasma concentration of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP, a marker of systemic inflammation) and LPS-induced responses was disrupted only in rotating-shift workers, suggesting that in this group, an impaired mechanism that weakens the relationship between pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling may underlie the hypo-responsiveness of PBMCs. Our results suggest that persistent subclinical systemic inflammation in rotating-shift workers disrupts cell-mediated immunity, increasing the risk of infection and other inflammation-related pathologies in this population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring the Link—Better Sleep Equals Better Health)

12 pages, 256 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Profile of Executive Functioning and Lifetime History of Acquired Brain Injury in Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness: A Pilot Study

by Nicole Viola, Julianna M. Nemeth, Alice Hinton and Jennifer P. Lundine

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 790; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050790 (registering DOI) - 17 May 2025

Viewed by 59

Abstract

(1) Background: Housing instability is a public health issue in both developed and developing countries. This exploratory pilot study examines executive functioning (EF) and the history of acquired brain injury (ABI) in youth and young adults experiencing homelessness (YYEH). (2) Methods: Twenty-three YYEH [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Housing instability is a public health issue in both developed and developing countries. This exploratory pilot study examines executive functioning (EF) and the history of acquired brain injury (ABI) in youth and young adults experiencing homelessness (YYEH). (2) Methods: Twenty-three YYEH (ages 18–25; 48% male) were recruited from a drop-in center in Central Ohio. The Ohio State University TBI Identification Method (OSU TBI-ID+ABI) was used to screen for exposure to ABI. Outcomes were measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function for Adults (BRIEF-A) and the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery. (3) Results: Eighty-seven percent of participants reported a lifetime history of ABI, including traumatic brain injury or hypoxic-anoxic brain injury. Overall, participants did not present with elevated EF scores on outcome measures. Those with multiple lifetime ABIs (n = 16) had significantly higher scores than those with a single ABI (n = 4), representing poorer EF, on shift, self-monitor, task monitor, and the Global Executive Composite of the BRIEF-A. There was no evidence of significant differences between participants on outcome measures based on injury mechanism. (4) Conclusions: In this pilot sample, those with multiple reported ABIs demonstrated decreased EF performance, and these differences were noted in specific areas of EF. To ensure YYEH have access to services, resource support and intervention providers should consider the cognitive profiles of the youth they serve. Full article

17 pages, 1070 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Barriers and Facilitators to Engagement in Collective Gardening Among Black African Immigrants in Alberta, Canada

by Destiny Otoadese, Issa Kamara and Elizabeth Onyango

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 789; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050789 (registering DOI) - 16 May 2025

Viewed by 37

Abstract

Background: Community gardens are increasingly popular in Canadian cities, serving as transformative spaces where immigrants can develop self-reliant strategies for accessing culturally familiar and healthy nutritious foods. However, numerous facilitators and barriers exist that limit the engagement of racialized groups such as Black-identifying [...] Read more.

Background: Community gardens are increasingly popular in Canadian cities, serving as transformative spaces where immigrants can develop self-reliant strategies for accessing culturally familiar and healthy nutritious foods. However, numerous facilitators and barriers exist that limit the engagement of racialized groups such as Black-identifying immigrants. Using a socio-ecological framework, this research explores barriers and facilitators of engagement of Black African immigrants in collective community gardening in Alberta, Canada. Methods: The study adopted a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach using mixed methods. Data collection included structured surveys (n = 119) to assess general engagement, facilitators, and barriers; in-depth interviews (n = 10) to explore lived experiences; and Afrocentric sharing circles (n = 2) to probe collective perspectives in relation to engagement in collective gardening. Participants were purposefully recruited through community networks within African immigrant-serving community organizations. Results: Our findings revealed how barriers at various levels of the socio-ecological model (SEM) interact to shape the interest and engagement of African immigrants in collective community gardening. Access to collective gardens was associated with significant benefits, including maintaining healthy foodways, knowledge exchange, growing social capital, and community connections that support overall wellbeing. Conclusions: This study contributes an accessible framework for understanding and addressing the complex barriers that limit engagement in community gardens for vulnerable communities, while highlighting opportunities for creating more inclusive and culturally responsive urban agriculture initiatives. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Migrant Health and Newly Emerging Public Health Issues)

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16 pages, 288 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association of Perceived Acoustic Environment Exposure and Nonrestorative Sleep with Cognitive Functioning Among Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey

by Krista Ching Wai Chung, Sujin Nam, Jojo Yan Yan Kwok, Naomi Takemura, Hugh Davies, Lixi Huang and Daniel Yee Tak Fong

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 788; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050788 (registering DOI) - 16 May 2025

Viewed by 44

Abstract

Despite the growing emphasis on cognitive health, evidence regarding individual and environmental factors influencing cognitive functioning remains limited. We aimed to examine the association of personal and environmental factors, specifically perceived acoustic environment exposure and nonrestorative sleep, with cognitive functioning among Chinese adults. [...] Read more.

Despite the growing emphasis on cognitive health, evidence regarding individual and environmental factors influencing cognitive functioning remains limited. We aimed to examine the association of personal and environmental factors, specifically perceived acoustic environment exposure and nonrestorative sleep, with cognitive functioning among Chinese adults. Between July and August 2022, we recruited 970 Chinese adults from all districts in Hong Kong for our cross-sectional study. Univariable and structured multiphase linear regression analyses were conducted to identify the contributory factors. Among 970 Chinese adults, the structured multiphase linear regression model revealed that being in their 30s (β = 0.160; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.315) and 40s (β = 0.186; 95% CI: 0.029, 0.343), being female (β = 0.095; 95% CI: 0.018, 0.173), being former smokers, and having medical consultations, medical histories (eczema, hearing problems, and insomnia), perceived acoustic environment exposure (traffic and mechanical sounds (β = 0.011; 95% CI: 0.008, 0.013), nature and music sounds (β = 0.004; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.007), and human sounds (β = 0.002; 95% CI: 0.0004, 0.005)), and psychological symptoms (perceived stress, depressive, and anxiety symptoms) were associated with worse cognitive functioning. Moreover, more nonrestorative sleep (β = −0.015; 95% CI: −0.022, −0.007) was also associated with worse cognitive functioning. This study revealed that increased perceived acoustic environment exposure and a higher degree of nonrestorative sleep were associated with poorer cognitive functioning among Chinese adults. This underscores the need for public health strategies and policies aimed at fostering a healthy acoustic environment and promoting sleep hygiene education in the community. Full article

20 pages, 3790 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Epidemiological Trends in Mesothelioma Mortality in Colombia (1997–2022): A Retrospective National Study

by Luisa F. Moyano-Ariza, Guillermo Villamizar, Giana Henríquez-Mendoza, Arthur Frank and Gabriel Camero

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 787; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050787 - 16 May 2025

Viewed by 107

Abstract

Background: Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer primarily caused by asbestos exposure. In Colombia, asbestos use began in 1942, but mortality surveillance remains limited. Long latency periods and poor documentation hinder public health action. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was [...] Read more.

Background: Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer primarily caused by asbestos exposure. In Colombia, asbestos use began in 1942, but mortality surveillance remains limited. Long latency periods and poor documentation hinder public health action. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using mortality data from 1997 to 2022 obtained from the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE), including all mesothelioma cases recorded under the five ICD-10 diagnostic categories (C45.0 to C45.9), covering all anatomical sites of first occurrence. Variables analyzed included sex, age, occupation, and place of residence. Mortality rates and trends were estimated using R, Excel, JoinPoint, and Minitab. Results: A total of 1539 mesothelioma deaths were recorded. Most occurred in men (65.1%) and in individuals over 60 years old (62.6%). Urban areas accounted for 92% of deaths. The most frequent diagnosis was unspecified mesothelioma (61.3%). Cities with the highest adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants were Sibaté (38.36), Soacha (8.41), and Bogotá (1.89), aligning with historical exposure zones. Conclusions: Mesothelioma is still a preventable public health issue in Colombia, with sustained mortality affecting even working-age populations. The high rate of unspecified diagnoses and weak linkage between morbidity and mortality data underscore the need to strengthen diagnostic capacity, improve surveillance, and implement a national asbestos-related disease elimination strategy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2nd Edition of Epidemiology and Global Health)

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12 pages, 236 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Inxeba Elinga Phakathi: The Danger of Mental Health Invisibility and the Role of Social Community Caregiving

by Nobuntu Penxa-Matholeni

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 786; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050786 - 16 May 2025

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Abstract

The stigma and invisibility surrounding mental health often lead to alienation and reinforce societal misconceptions. This paper examines how the concept of inxeba elingaphakathi (the invisible wound) in isiXhosa encapsulates the emotional and psychological pain frequently overlooked in mental health discussions, particularly among [...] Read more.

The stigma and invisibility surrounding mental health often lead to alienation and reinforce societal misconceptions. This paper examines how the concept of inxeba elingaphakathi (the invisible wound) in isiXhosa encapsulates the emotional and psychological pain frequently overlooked in mental health discussions, particularly among Black South African women. Employing an Indigenous storytelling methodology, the study explores how social community caregiving can illuminate these hidden wounds and challenge prevailing stigma. By analyzing the societal factors shaping mental health perceptions, this research advocates for a culturally grounded approach to healing and belonging. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue SDG 3 in Sub-Saharan Africa: Emerging Public Health Issues)

15 pages, 634 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparison of Temporomandibular Disorder Signs and Symptoms in CrossFit^® Athletes and Sedentary Individuals

by Ana Paula Varela Brown Martins, Ranele Luiza Ferreira Cardoso, Caio César Ferreira Versiani de Andrade, Júlia Meller Dias de Oliveira, Maria Beatriz Freitas D’Arce, Adriana Barbosa Ribeiro, Carolina Noronha Ferraz de Arruda, Juliana Silva Ribeiro de Andrade, Bianca Miarka and Maurício Malheiros Badaró

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 785; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050785 - 16 May 2025

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Abstract

(1) Background: A sedentary lifestyle may aggravate temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms, increasing pain sensitivity and functional limitations. Physical exercise is recommended for pain management and improving quality of life. Comparing CrossFit^® athletes to sedentary individuals allows for examining whether regular high-intensity exercise [...] Read more.

(1) Background: A sedentary lifestyle may aggravate temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms, increasing pain sensitivity and functional limitations. Physical exercise is recommended for pain management and improving quality of life. Comparing CrossFit^® athletes to sedentary individuals allows for examining whether regular high-intensity exercise impacts pain sensitivity and functional limitations associated with TMD. This cross-sectional study assessed the signs and symptoms of TMD in CrossFit^® athletes compared to sedentary individuals. (2) Methods: Participants (n = 121) were divided into four groups: sedentary with TMD (n = 39), sedentary without TMD (n = 37), CrossFit^® athletes with TMD (n = 23), and CrossFit^® athletes without TMD (n = 22). TMD signs and symptoms were evaluated using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) axis I, including mandibular movement patterns, range of motion, joint sounds, muscle pain, and jaw dysfunctions. Statistical analyses included chi-square and Dunn’s post hoc tests, ANOVA, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to examine associations between CrossFit^® practice and TMD (p ≤ 0.05). (3) Results: Myofascial pain was the most common diagnosis. All athlete groups exhibited greater mandibular movement amplitudes (unassisted opening without pain, p < 0.001, and protrusion, p = 0.039) and less pain (p < 0.001) than sedentary individuals. Pain reports and palpation-induced pain in muscles and joints were significantly associated with a sedentary lifestyle and TMD (p < 0.001). Joint and muscle pain were more prevalent (frequent) among sedentary participants, regardless of TMD diagnosis. Linear regression analysis showed that sedentary individuals without TMD had significantly reduced unassisted mouth opening amplitudes compared to athletes without TMD (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Pain in the masseter, temporalis, posterior digastric, and medial pterygoid muscles was the most common symptom in sedentary individuals with TMD. They experience higher frequency and intensity of pain, as well as greater limitations in mouth movement. Athletes showed higher frequency of joint noises. Full article

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23 pages, 345 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Beyond Individual Coping: The Role of Social Capital in Community-Based Mental Health Support for Displaced Somali Youth

by Hyojin Im, Shinhye Lee, Abdulkadir Warsame and Maimuna Isse

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 784; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050784 - 15 May 2025

Viewed by 104

Abstract

Somali refugee youth face intersecting stressors related to displacement, economic hardship, and systemic exclusion, yet their coping strategies remain understudied. This study examines the psychosocial distress, coping mechanisms, and help-seeking behaviors of Somali refugee youth in Nairobi’s urban displacement context using a mixed-methods [...] Read more.

Somali refugee youth face intersecting stressors related to displacement, economic hardship, and systemic exclusion, yet their coping strategies remain understudied. This study examines the psychosocial distress, coping mechanisms, and help-seeking behaviors of Somali refugee youth in Nairobi’s urban displacement context using a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative analyses assess the prevalence of stressors, coping strategies, and perceived support, while qualitative responses provide insight into lived experiences. Findings reveal that 72% of participants reported distress linked to economic insecurity (15.9%), family separation (16.9%), or refugee-related adversities (13.2%). Religious coping (59.5%) and self-care practices (60.5%) were the most frequently used strategies, while 15.8% relied on avoidance-based methods. Help-seeking patterns showed that 76.7% of participants were willing to seek help in general, but only 40.7% did so for emotional issues, with mothers and same-sex friends being primary sources. Regression analysis (R² = 0.507, p < 0.001) showed that scope of community (β = 0.417, p = 0.001), trust in bonding social capital (β = 0.343, p = 0.012), and perceived community violence (β = 0.346, p = 0.003) were positively associated with perceived support. In contrast, help-seeking intention (β = −0.206, p = 0.049) was negatively associated with perceived support. Other variables—including religious coping, emotional coping, age, gender, and bridging trust—were not significant predictors. These findings underscore the need for community-driven mental health interventions that strengthen existing social structures while integrating culturally adapted service models. Leveraging social capital is essential for fostering sustainable, accessible, and community-based mental health support for displaced Somali youth. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community-Based Mental Health Promotion and Psychosocial Support)

17 pages, 308 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Barriers and Opportunities for HPV Self-Sampling in Underserved Rural Communities: Insights from a Mixed Methods Study

by Joyline Chepkorir, Nancy Perrin, Lucy Kivuti-Bitok, Joseph J. Gallo, Deborah Gross, Jean Anderson, Nancy R. Reynolds, Susan Wyche, Hillary Kibet, Vincent Kipkuri, Anastasha Cherotich and Hae-Ra Han

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 783; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050783 - 15 May 2025

Viewed by 124

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in rural areas with limited access to screening. This study explored factors influencing rural Kenyan women’s willingness to self-collect samples for HPV-DNA testing. Data were drawn from a [...] Read more.

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in rural areas with limited access to screening. This study explored factors influencing rural Kenyan women’s willingness to self-collect samples for HPV-DNA testing. Data were drawn from a mixed methods study in two Kenyan rural counties, including surveys with 174 women and interviews with 21 participants. The mean age of the survey sample was 45.2 (SD = 13.2) years. Only 6.4% had ever been screened, yet 76.9% expressed willingness to self-collect samples for testing. Increased willingness was associated with cervical cancer awareness (OR = 3.49, 95% CI = 1.50–8.11), relying on health workers as primary sources of health information (OR = 1.88, CI = 1.23–2.86), or the news media (OR = 2.63, CI = 1.27–5.48). High cervical cancer stigma (OR = 0.71, CI = 0.57–0.88) and longer travel times of 30–120 min to a health facility (OR = 0.44, CI = 0.20–0.93) were linked to reduced willingness. Integration of the findings showed that comprehensive health promotion—through education, health worker endorsement, and mass media campaigns—may improve HPV self-sampling uptake and reduce the cervical cancer burden in rural Kenya. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Global Health)

11 pages, 590 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Reimagining the Juvenile Justice System Through the Healthy Outcomes from Positive Experiences Framework

by Amanda Winn, Kelsey Hannan, Robert Sege and Dina Burstein

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 782; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050782 - 15 May 2025

Viewed by 183

Abstract

Numerous research studies have documented the significant influence of key types of positive childhood experiences (PCEs) on adult health and wellbeing, even in the presence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Recent studies reveal that almost 87% of justice-impacted youth reported at least one [...] Read more.

Numerous research studies have documented the significant influence of key types of positive childhood experiences (PCEs) on adult health and wellbeing, even in the presence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Recent studies reveal that almost 87% of justice-impacted youth reported at least one ACE. Connecting youth to PCEs after trauma has occurred has been shown to disrupt the poor health trajectory associated with ACEs. Creating juvenile justice systems that prioritize equitable access to PCEs has the potential to change the life course of system-impacted youth. The HOPE (Healthy Outcomes from Positive Experiences) framework, a research-based, community-driven approach to improving access to the key types of PCEs youth need to thrive, presents a potentially powerful strategy for juvenile justice systems to transform care for system-impacted youth. This manuscript describes this proposed approach. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding Health Risks and Protective Factors in Youth Delinquency)

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12 pages, 3915 KiB

Open AccessPerspective

Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Robotics in Healthcare Services: Applications in Silver Care

by Giovanni Luca Masala and Ioanna Giorgi

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 781; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050781 - 14 May 2025

Viewed by 180

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) and assistive robotics can transform older-person care by offering new, personalised solutions for an ageing population. This paper outlines recent advances in AI-driven applications and robotic assistance in silver care, emphasising their role in improved healthcare services, quality of life [...] Read more.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and assistive robotics can transform older-person care by offering new, personalised solutions for an ageing population. This paper outlines recent advances in AI-driven applications and robotic assistance in silver care, emphasising their role in improved healthcare services, quality of life and ageing-in-place and alleviating pressure on healthcare systems. Advances in machine learning, natural language processing and computer vision have enabled more accurate early diagnosis, targeted treatment plans and robust remote monitoring for elderly patients. These innovations support continuous health tracking and timely interventions to improve patient outcomes and extend home-based care. In addition, AI-powered assistive robots with advanced motion control and adaptive response mechanisms are studied to support physical and cognitive health. Among these, companion robots, often enhanced with emotional AI, have shown potential in reducing loneliness and increasing connectedness. The combined goal of these technologies is to offer holistic patient-centred care, which preserves the autonomy and dignity of our seniors. This paper also touches on the technical and ethical challenges of integrating AI/robotics into eldercare, like privacy and accessibility, and alludes to future directions on optimising AI-human interaction, expanding preventive healthcare applications and creating an effective, ethical framework for eldercare in the digital age. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives in Health Care Sciences)

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17 pages, 1028 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multimorbidity Patterns and Functioning Associations Among Adults in a Local South African Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study

by Karina Berner, Diribsa Tsegaye Bedada, Hans Strijdom, Ingrid Webster and Quinette Louw

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 780; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050780 - 14 May 2025

Viewed by 155

Abstract

Multimorbidity poses significant challenges for resource-constrained healthcare systems, particularly in low and middle income countries where specific combinations of chronic conditions may differentially impact function. This cross-sectional study examined multimorbidity patterns and associations with functioning among 165 adults attending semi-rural primary healthcare facilities [...] Read more.

Multimorbidity poses significant challenges for resource-constrained healthcare systems, particularly in low and middle income countries where specific combinations of chronic conditions may differentially impact function. This cross-sectional study examined multimorbidity patterns and associations with functioning among 165 adults attending semi-rural primary healthcare facilities in South Africa. Participants completed performance-based measures (handgrip strength, five-times sit-to-stand test, step test and exercise prescription tool [STEP] maximum oxygen consumption) and self-reported function (12-item WHODAS 2.0). Exploratory factor analysis identified three multimorbidity patterns: HIV-hypercholesterolaemia-obesity (Pattern 1), hypertension-anaemia-lung disease (Pattern 2), and stroke-heart disease-hypercholesterolaemia (Pattern 3). Pattern 1 was associated with reduced aerobic capacity (β = −6.41, 95% CI: −9.45, −3.36) and grip strength (β = −0.11, 95% CI: −0.14, −0.07). Pattern 2 showed associations with mild (β = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.28, 1.97) and moderate (β = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.53, 2.43) self-reported functional problems and reduced grip strength (β = −0.05, 95% CI: −0.09, −0.003). Pattern 3 was associated with all self-reported impairment levels, with the strongest association for severe impairment (β = 2.16, 95% CI: 0.32, 4.01). These findings highlight the convergence of infectious and non-communicable diseases in this setting. Simple clinical measures like grip strength and self-reported function may hold potential as screening or monitoring tools in the presence of disease patterns, warranting further research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Health Care Sciences)

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14 pages, 319 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hypertension and the Well-Being of African Migrants in South Africa

by Ufuoma Patience Ejoke and Edwin Devon Du Plessis

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 779; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050779 - 14 May 2025

Viewed by 196

Abstract

This article examines the risk factors for hypertension among migrants in South Africa, a critical public health concern. We explore the connection between acculturation, lifestyle changes, obesity, diet, urbanization, and socioeconomic status in contributing to hypertension risk. Our analysis highlights the unique challenges [...] Read more.

This article examines the risk factors for hypertension among migrants in South Africa, a critical public health concern. We explore the connection between acculturation, lifestyle changes, obesity, diet, urbanization, and socioeconomic status in contributing to hypertension risk. Our analysis highlights the unique challenges faced by African migrants, including acculturative stress, limited healthcare access, and lifestyle changes. The findings have significant implications for health promotion, disease prevention, and policy development. We emphasize the need for targeted interventions and updated immigration policies prioritizing hypertension awareness, screening, and management among African migrant populations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Migrants and Refugees: Recent Trends, Health Inequities and Aging)

18 pages, 1990 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Quality of Life and Working Conditions of Plastic Surgeons and Trainees: A National Survey

by Léna G. Dietrich, Michael J. Deml, Laura De Pellegrin and Cédric Zubler

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 778; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050778 - 14 May 2025

Viewed by 161

Abstract

Background: While the well-being and working conditions of healthcare professionals are increasingly scrutinized, there remains a critical research gap regarding the quality of life and job satisfaction of plastic surgeons in Switzerland. No prior national study has systematically examined these aspects within this [...] Read more.

Background: While the well-being and working conditions of healthcare professionals are increasingly scrutinized, there remains a critical research gap regarding the quality of life and job satisfaction of plastic surgeons in Switzerland. No prior national study has systematically examined these aspects within this specialty. Objective: This study aims to address this gap by evaluating workload, career satisfaction, and quality of life among Swiss plastic surgeons and trainees, thereby providing evidence to inform systemic improvements in the profession. Methods: A national, multilingual online survey was distributed to all members of the Swiss Society for Plastic Surgery and the Association of Young Plastic Surgeons. A total of 102 plastic surgeons responded (response rate: 22.7%). The survey assessed contractual versus actual working hours, work performed during personal time, mental health indicators (e.g., burnout), and career satisfaction. Descriptive and correlational analyses were conducted. Results: The respondents reported an average of 58 actual versus 49 contractual working hours per week, with an additional 8.1 h spent working during leisure time. Burnout symptoms were present in 29%, and 63% experienced work-related stress during their free time. While 42% wished to reduce their workload, 88.7% would still choose the profession again. Career satisfaction averaged 3.66/5, although 35% rated their salary as inadequate. Notably, 79.8% reported work negatively affecting private relationships, despite 82.65% feeling supported by their environment. Conclusion: This first nationwide assessment highlights the high workload and psychological strain faced by Swiss plastic surgeons. Key priorities include targeted burnout prevention, structural workload reduction, enhanced support for work–life integration (especially among women and younger surgeons), and improved compensation. These measures are essential to sustain the well-being of practitioners and ensure long-term quality in surgical care. Full article

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11 pages, 252 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Barriers and Enablers for Physical Activity in Culturally Deaf Adults: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis

by Alex B. Barker, J. Yoon Irons, Clare M. P. Roscoe and Andy Pringle

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 777; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050777 - 14 May 2025

Viewed by 260

Abstract

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) is vital for everyone’s health and wellbeing; however, there is, a paucity of research amongst culturally deaf adults. Especially, to understand the needs of deaf adults and how to get them involved in shaping interventions that would help deaf [...] Read more.

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) is vital for everyone’s health and wellbeing; however, there is, a paucity of research amongst culturally deaf adults. Especially, to understand the needs of deaf adults and how to get them involved in shaping interventions that would help deaf people to be physically active. The current study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators for engaging in PA amongst deaf adults. Method: Focus groups involving nine culturally deaf adults communicating using British sign language were conducted and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings: Barriers including physical barriers, lack of deaf spaces and deaf awareness, and a lack of personal motivations were identified. Enablers included group/social support, deaf-led activities and health and wellbeing awareness. The findings highlighted a strong deaf identity. Conclusions: Deaf adults face barriers due to spaces being made for hearing people, leading to feelings of social exclusion and a lack of spaces to engage in activity and socialise, despite being personally and socially motivated to engage in PA. Deaf identity should be considered when promoting PA to deaf adults. The current paper highlights research and practice implications regarding how to engage and work with deaf people to develop appropriate interventions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue How Sport and Physical Activity Contribute to Healthy Lifestyle and Physical Fitness for Public Health)

18 pages, 361 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mental Models of Attachment in Adoptive Parents and Children: The Case of Institutionalized and Adopted Young Adults

by Angelica Arace, Protima Agostini and Laura Elvira Prino

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 776; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050776 - 14 May 2025

Viewed by 197

Abstract

The international adoption of early institutionalized children offers the opportunity to examine the quality of mental representations of attachment and their possible revision post-adoption, thus contributing to the debate on the continuity/discontinuity of internal working models and the intergenerational transmission of attachment. The [...] Read more.

The international adoption of early institutionalized children offers the opportunity to examine the quality of mental representations of attachment and their possible revision post-adoption, thus contributing to the debate on the continuity/discontinuity of internal working models and the intergenerational transmission of attachment. The main aim of this study was to investigate how early institutionalization affects the IWMs of adopted children and whether there was a relation between the IWMs of adoptive parents and those of their children. Participating in the study were 39 young adults (male: 15; female: 24) and their adoptive parents (N = 72): adoptees’ IWMs were assessed with the SAT, while parents were administered the AAI. The percentage of insecure and especially disorganized attachments in adoptees differs significantly from the normative data of the reference population. The IWMs of adoptive parents only partially reflect the normative distribution of the non-clinical adult population, with dismissing models being overrepresented. There is no consistency between the IWMs of adoptees and those of adoptive parents. This study highlights the negative effects, even in the long term, of early experiences of emotional deprivation and the stabilization of insecure attachment patterns in the absence of caregivers who can act as a secure base that enables children to come to terms with their traumatic past. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Behavioral and Mental Health)

21 pages, 866 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

The Impact of Process Quality in Early Childhood Education and Care on Socio-Emotional Development: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

by Rosanne M. V. Sluiter, Ruben G. Fukkink and Minne Fekkes

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 775; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050775 - 14 May 2025

Viewed by 177

Abstract

We investigated the relationship between process quality in early childhood education and care (ECEC) and children’s socio-emotional development in a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Our multi-level meta-analysis of 31 publications reporting on 16 longitudinal studies (N = 17,913 children, age: 2.5–18 yrs) demonstrates [...] Read more.

We investigated the relationship between process quality in early childhood education and care (ECEC) and children’s socio-emotional development in a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Our multi-level meta-analysis of 31 publications reporting on 16 longitudinal studies (N = 17,913 children, age: 2.5–18 yrs) demonstrates that the process quality of ECEC is a small but significant predictor of children’s socio-emotional development over time (ES = 0.103, SE = 0.026, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.052–0.155). This longitudinal association extends to the age of 18 years in our sample. Process quality of ECEC is, thus, a significant and stable predictor of children’s socio-emotional development and well-being from toddlerhood to adolescence. The longitudinal relationship was moderated by the type of care (center-based vs. home-based) and the informant (parent, professional caregiver, external assessor, or self-report of the child). Implications for future ECEC research are discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mental Health and Wellbeing of Children and Adolescents)

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13 pages, 1491 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Framework for Developing Awareness Interventions: A Case of Mobile Bullying

by Portia Mathimbi

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 774; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050774 - 14 May 2025

Viewed by 160

Abstract

Cyberbullying is a pervasive social issue that has gained increasing attention due to its serious consequences, such as cyberbullicide, which is suicide resulting from cyberbullying. Researchers have called for various interventions and the involvement of multiple stakeholders, including psychologists and law enforcement agencies, [...] Read more.

Cyberbullying is a pervasive social issue that has gained increasing attention due to its serious consequences, such as cyberbullicide, which is suicide resulting from cyberbullying. Researchers have called for various interventions and the involvement of multiple stakeholders, including psychologists and law enforcement agencies, to address the problem. Recent studies have shown that the majority of cyberbullying incidents occur on mobile devices, referred to as mobile bullying. Therefore, there is a need to focus intervention efforts on mobile bullying, which is a subset of cyberbullying. The objective of this study was to develop a framework that could guide the creation of an awareness intervention aimed at raising awareness of mobile bullying. Although several meta-analyses have been conducted over the years on intervention effectiveness. There is a gap from the lack of frameworks and requirements to guide the development of awareness interventions. As such, a PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) systematic literature review was conducted to identify the theories that could inform the development of such an intervention. Based on the review, a theoretical framework was developed that incorporated the basic elements identified as guiding principles for the development of awareness interventions. In the same way, theory, specifically SAT was used to inform the development of an instrumental framework for designing context-sensitive awareness interventions, incorporating the basic elements that practitioners can use to develop context-sensitive awareness interventions. The findings from the study indicate that the social context, which encompasses the social issue at hand; available media content; the proximal and distal environments; and the choice of awareness tool, which is informed by the marketing mix (i.e., price, product, people, promotion, and place), affect the reach or distribution of the intervention. The theoretical framework contributes to the body of knowledge on the subject, while the instrumental framework provides a practical approach to building customizable interventions that can be tailored to specific contexts and available resources for awareness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bullying and Cyberbullying Among Youths)

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2 pages, 311 KiB

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: Park et al. Protective Effects of Nargenicin A1 against Tacrolimus-Induced Oxidative Stress in Hirame Natural Embryo Cells. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 1044

by Cheol Park, Da Hye Kwon, Su Jung Hwang, Min Ho Han, Jin-Woo Jeong, Sang Hoon Hong, Hee-Jae Cha, Su-Hyun Hong, Gi-Young Kim, Hyo-Jong Lee, Suhkmann Kim, Heui-Soo Kim and Yung Hyun Choi

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 773; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050773 - 14 May 2025

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Abstract

In the original publication [...] Full article

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14 pages, 1410 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Determinants of COVID-19 Mortality and Temporal Trends in the Health Regions of the State of São Paulo, Brazil

by Tatiana Pestana Barbosa, Thais Zamboni Berra, Antônio Carlos Vieira Ramos, Yan Mathias Alves, Reginaldo Bazon Vaz Tavares, Fernando Spanó Junqueira de Paiva, Jonas Bodini Alonso, Titilade Kehinde Ayandeyi Teibo, Juliana Soares Tenório de Araújo, Ariela Fehr Tártaro and Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 772; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050772 - 13 May 2025

Viewed by 223

Abstract

Background: This study investigated the determinants of COVID-19 mortality and its temporal trends within São Paulo state’s Departamentos Regionais de Saúde (DRS) (health regions) to inform the development of targeted public health interventions. Methods: Utilizing an ecological study design, we analyzed confirmed COVID-19 [...] Read more.

Background: This study investigated the determinants of COVID-19 mortality and its temporal trends within São Paulo state’s Departamentos Regionais de Saúde (DRS) (health regions) to inform the development of targeted public health interventions. Methods: Utilizing an ecological study design, we analyzed confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths (February 2020–December 2021) obtained from the COVID Panel, incorporating relevant social and health indicators. The Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) was used to identify key determinants, and temporal trends in mortality and vaccination rates were analyzed across each DRS. Results: The average mortality rate was 15.1 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants (median 7.00). Higher chronic disease mortality was associated with an increase in COVID-19 mortality. Moreover, an increase in the percentage of adults led to a decrease in deaths from COVID-19. Conclusions: COVID-19 mortality in São Paulo is shaped by a complex interplay of 12 behavioral, economic, demographic, and environmental factors. Region-specific public health policies should consider these factors, along with geographic, socioeconomic, and budgetary contexts, to effectively address health disparities across the state’s DRS. Full article

(This article belongs to the Collection COVID-19 Research)

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17 pages, 330 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Enhancing Nutrition Care in Primary Healthcare: Exploring Practices, Barriers, and Multidisciplinary Solutions in Ireland

by Ebipade Juliet Eyemienbai, Danielle Logue, Gemma McMonagle, Rónán Doherty, Lisa Ryan and Laura Keaver

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(5), 771; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050771 - 13 May 2025

Viewed by 249

Abstract

Good nutrition promotes a healthy population and mitigates the risk of disease. Integrating nutrition care in the primary healthcare system is considered an essential plan of action to manage poor nutritional status in the population. The role of primary healthcare professionals (HCPs) in [...] Read more.

Good nutrition promotes a healthy population and mitigates the risk of disease. Integrating nutrition care in the primary healthcare system is considered an essential plan of action to manage poor nutritional status in the population. The role of primary healthcare professionals (HCPs) in the delivery of nutrition care is especially crucial due to a current lack of dietitians and dietary support in the primary care setting in Ireland. This qualitative research explored the current practice, barriers, facilitators, and feasible solutions proposed to optimize the provision of nutrition care by primary HCPs. Twenty semi-structured interviews (pharmacists (n = 14), dietitians (n = 3), a physiotherapist (n = 1), a speech and language therapist (n = 1), and a healthcare assistant (n = 1) were conducted. Six themes were derived from the data: current practice of nutrition care in primary care, perceived role, barriers and facilitators, the importance of a multidisciplinary patient-centred approach, training needs and preferences, and addressing barriers. Participants acknowledged the importance of nutrition care in clinical practice, the principal role of the dietitian as part of the multidisciplinary team, and the essential clinical competencies and nutrition training models that may facilitate the provision of nutrition care in primary practice. A paradigm shift to a multidisciplinary care model that prioritises the integration of nutrition care into primary care practice to ensure optimal dietary counselling is afforded to patients is essential. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nursing and Medical Education)

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Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, Volume 22, Issue 5 (May 2025) – 146 articles

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