Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Volume 22, Issue s1

Background: While the long-term ergogenic benefits of creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation are well-documented, the potential advantages of acute ingestion followed by short-term consumption remain relatively underexplored. This double- blind,...

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries are frequent in soccer, occurring more often in matches than in training sessions, and mainly affecting the lower limbs. While creatine supplementation is commonly used to enhance performance, eviden...

Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that both creatine and its breakdown product, creatinine have anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. Both reduce the expression of toll-like receptors on the surface of mouse cells, as well as de...

Background: Mild traumatic brain injuries (TBI), commonly known as concussions, pose a global public health concern, especially among athletes in contact or collision sports. These injuries not only impact neurocognitive function but also lead to met...

Background: Resistance training (RT) is a widely used strategy to improve strength in older adults and counteract age-related decline. Combining RT with creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation has been shown to enhance exercise-induced improvement...

Background: Individual studies have indicated that creatine monohydrate supplementation is generally well tolerated and not associated with clinically significant side effects. Nevertheless, anecdotal reports about side effects persist. This comprehe...

Background: Individual studies have indicated that creatine monohydrate supplementation is generally well tolerated and not associated with clinically significant side effects. Nevertheless, anecdotal reports about side effects persist. This comprehe...

Background: Individual studies have indicated that creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation is generally well tolerated and not associated with clinically significant side effects. Nevertheless, anecdotal reports about side effects persist. This co...

Background: Research has consistently shown that creatine monohydrate supplementation is generally safe and well-tolerated, with no clinically significant side effects. However, anecdotal claims about adverse effects persist. In 2021, the global init...

Background: The biological process of aging is typically associated with a decrease in muscle quantity, muscle performance (primarily strength), bone mass and architecture, functionality and neurological/cognitive function. From a healthy aging persp...

Following the success of the Creatine Conference 2022 (International Conference on Creatine in Health and Disease throughout the Lifetime), held in Alpharetta, USA, the Creatine Conference 2025 took place in Munich, Germany, in a hybrid format (onlin...

Background: Basketball games involve numerous cognitive-motor dual-task (CMDT) situations, where athletes must execute technical skills while processing complex oncourt information. However, adolescent athletes often experience performance declines u...

Background: Creatine (Cr) supplementation is well established for enhancing fat-free mass (FFM) when combined with resistance training (RT). However, the influence of prior training experience on supplementation efficacy remains unknown. Objective: T...

Although creatine supplementation is well established for enhancing athletic performance, data on its long-term safety are still limited, particularly among female athletes. This study investigated the effects of in-season creatine supplementation on...

Background: Preclinical data demonstrates that creatine supplementation during pregnancy supports maternal and fetal energy homeostasis through periods of hypoxia, but its use in human pregnancy remains unexplored. This trial aims to determine optima...

Background: Creatine (Cr) plays a crucial role in aging by supporting cognitive function and promoting neuroprotection. Optimizing Cr levels in the aging brain is therefore of significant interest. This study aimed to explore whether hydrogen-rich wa...

Background: Creatine monohydrate supplementation has benefits on strength performance and body composition; however, its potential in reducing exercise-induced muscle damage and moderating training load in soccer players remains understudied. The stu...

Background: Elite athletes often use creatine supplements to boost strength and improve body composition. While creatine monohydrate (CrM) is well-established, creatine hydrochloride (CrHCl) has gained attention for its claims of superior effects, es...

Background: Energy requirements during high-intensity exercise rapidly escalate. Phosphocreatine, being the major compound utilized to rapidly replenish the ATP levels, essentially relies on creatine stores which may experience fluctuations in its ut...

Background: Creatine, widely recognized for its benefits in sports nutrition, is being explored in food applications to diversify its use and develop functional products. Here, we present preliminary data as part of The KreaFood Project, a research a...

Background: Rising interest in creatine’s role in sperm energy metabolism highlights its potential to enhance male fertility, with semen biomarkers providing insights into its impact on sperm function and fertility. Methods: Fifteen volunteers (mean...

Background: Creatine is essential for brain development. UNICORN is an observational study designed to assess creatine levels in preterm infants, examine creatine availability through nutrition in the weeks after preterm birth, and correlate preterm...

Creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation has been reported to increase cellular water retention (WR) and alter body composition (BC) in anaerobically-training cohorts, but research in female athletes is limited. The study purpose was to examine the...

Background: Despite extensive research on creatine, evidence for use among females is understudied. Understanding the effects of creatine metabolism in peri- and post menopause yields important implications for creatine supplementation regarding perf...

Background: Maternal creatine supplementation, whereby a mother consumes creatine throughout pregnancy to increase fetal creatine levels, has been proposed as a prophylactic therapy for improving developmental outcomes in cases of fetal growth restri...

Background: There is evidence that the smooth muscle layer of the uterus, the myometrium, uses creatine to support energy turnover in pregnancy and labour. Our study examined the effects of creatine supplementation on ex vivo myometrial contractility...

Modern sports nutrition has evolved through discoveries in muscle metabolism and dietary supplementation. Advances in muscle biopsy techniques revealed how diet influences muscle energetics and exercise performance. The establishment of the Metabolic...

Background: Individual studies have indicated that creatine supplementation is generally well tolerated and not associated with clinically significant side effects. Nevertheless, anecdotal reports about side effects persist primarily from popular and...

Background: Creatine is a widely used ergogenic aid that enhances muscle strength and lean mass. However, concerns have been raised about the potential role in promoting hair loss by increasing dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Currently, there is no direct...

Post-viral fatigue syndrome, classified as a neurological condition by the WHO (ICD-11 code: 8E49), manifests as persistent fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and post-exertional malaise following viral infections. It shares commonalities with chronic...

Background: Creatine is a crucial component of cellular energy metabolism, facilitating ATP regeneration to support high energy demands. While its therapeutic potential, particularly in neuroprotection, is well-recognized, its response to stress cond...

Background: Public health initiatives seek effective, affordable, and safe adjunctive therapeutics for treating mental health disorders. Preliminary studies have suggested that creatine may function as a nutraceutical agent with antidepressant-like e...

Background: Postmenopausal females have an elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, induced partly by reduced skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow (SMBF), elevated reactive oxygen (ROS), and impaired meal metabolism (glycerol, glucose, lactate...

Background: Creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation may offer unique benefits to active women through augmented cellular fluid outcomes. This study sought to evaluate the effects of CrM supplementation on whole-body 50 kHz phase angle (PhA; °) and...