Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Cancers cancers	5.2	7.4	2009	17.9 Days	CHF 2900	Submit
Healthcare healthcare	2.8	2.7	2013	19.5 Days	CHF 2700	Submit
Journal of Clinical Medicine jcm	3.9	5.4	2012	17.9 Days	CHF 2600	Submit
Journal of Personalized Medicine jpm	3.4	2.6	2011	17.8 Days	CHF 2600	Submit
Medicina medicina	2.6	3.6	1920	19.6 Days	CHF 1800	Submit

10 pages, 249 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characteristics and Injury Patterns in Traumatic Brain Injury Related to E-Scooter Use in Riga, Latvia: Multicenter Case Series

by Agnis Saulitis, Evelina Kocane, Julija Dolgopolova, Ritvars Kalnins, Kaspars Auslands, Kristaps Rancans, Egils Valeinis and Andrejs Millers

Medicina 2024, 60(4), 540; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60040540 - 27 Mar 2024

Viewed by 595

Abstract

Background and Objectives: In recent years, electronic scooters (e-scooters) have gained popularity, whether for private use or as a publicly available transportation method. With the introduction of these vehicles, reports of e-scooter-related accidents have surged, sparking public debate and concern. The aim of [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: In recent years, electronic scooters (e-scooters) have gained popularity, whether for private use or as a publicly available transportation method. With the introduction of these vehicles, reports of e-scooter-related accidents have surged, sparking public debate and concern. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological data, characteristics, and severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) related to e-scooter accidents. Materials and Methods: This retrospective case series evaluated patients who were admitted to the three largest neurosurgery clinics in Riga, Latvia, from the time period of April to October in two separate years—2022 and 2023—after e-scooter-related accidents. The data were collected on patient demographics, the time of the accident, alcohol consumption, helmet use, the type of TBI, other related injuries, and the treatment and assessment at discharge. Results: A total of 28 patients were admitted with TBI related to e-scooter use, with a median age of 30 years (Q1–Q3, 20.25–37.25), four individuals under the age of 18, and the majority (64%) being male. In 23 cases, the injury mechanism was falling, in 5 cases, collision. None were wearing a helmet at the time of the injury. Alcohol intoxication was evident in over half of the patients (51.5%), with severe intoxication (>1.2 g/L) in 75% of cases among them. Neurological symptoms upon admission were noted in 50% of cases. All patients had intracranial trauma: 50% had brain contusions, 43% traumatic subdural hematoma, and almost 30% epidural hematoma. Craniofacial fractures were evident in 71% of cases, and there were fractures in other parts of body in three patients. Six patients required emergency neurosurgical intervention. Neurological complications were noted in two patients; one patient died. Conclusions: e-scooter-related accidents result in a significant number of brain and other associated injuries, with notable frequency linked to alcohol influence and a lack of helmet use. Prevention campaigns to raise the awareness of potential risks and the implementation of more strict regulations should be conducted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

9 pages, 217 KiB

Open AccessStudy Protocol

Proof of Concept of Telemedicine-Assisted Abdominal Ultrasound Examinations to Improve the Quality of Patient Care in Rural Areas

by Tobias Kleemann, Denise Müller, Carola Güther, Alina Duma, Awsan Mohamed, Helmut Ernst, Madlen Löbel, Robert Freund, Sven Kleemann, Sven Pannach, Rutker Stellke, Dirk Briesemann, Tina Diepelt, Ina Thomas, Viktoria Ermisch, Dimitrios Aretakis, Alexander Wree, Frank Tacke, Steffen Ortmann and Marten Schulz

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(6), 1721; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061721 - 17 Mar 2024

Viewed by 599

Abstract

(1) Background: Unclear sonographic findings without adequate specialist expertise in abdominal ultrasound (AU) may harm patients in rural areas, due to overlooked diagnoses, unnecessary additional imaging (e.g., CT scan), and/or patient transport to referral expert centers. Appropriate telemedical sonography assistance could lead to [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Unclear sonographic findings without adequate specialist expertise in abdominal ultrasound (AU) may harm patients in rural areas, due to overlooked diagnoses, unnecessary additional imaging (e.g., CT scan), and/or patient transport to referral expert centers. Appropriate telemedical sonography assistance could lead to corresponding savings. (2) Methods: The study was designed as a randomized trial. Selected study centers performed AU with the best local expertise. Patients were selected and monitored according to the indication that they required AU. The study depicted three basic scenarios. Group 1 corresponds to the telemedically assisted cohort, group 2 corresponds to the non-telemedically assisted cohort, and group 3 corresponds to a telemedically supported cohort for teaching purposes. The target case number of all three groups was 400 patients (20 calculated dropouts included). (3) Discussion: This study might help to clarify whether telemedicine-assisted ultrasound by a qualified expert is non-inferior to presence sonography concerning technical success and whether one of the interventions is superior in terms of efficacy and safety in one or more secondary endpoints. Randomization was provided, as every patient who needed an AU was included and then randomized to one of the groups. The third group consisted of a lower number of patients who were selected from group 1 or 2 for teaching purposes in case of rare diseases or findings. (4) Conclusions: The study investigates whether there are benefits of telemedical ultrasound for patients, medical staff, and the health care system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

12 pages, 1115 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Investigation of the Relationship between Henoch-Schönlein Purpura and Viral Infection in Korea Using the Health Insurance Database

by So Hyeon Park, Su Min Jo, Sang Won Kim, Jae Min Lee and Hee Sun Baek

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(5), 1290; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13051290 - 24 Feb 2024

Viewed by 561

Abstract

(1) Background: This study investigated the epidemiology and viral connections of Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP) using information from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency and the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database. (2) Method: Between 2016 and 2019, a total of 25,443 patients [...] Read more.

(1) Background: This study investigated the epidemiology and viral connections of Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP) using information from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency and the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database. (2) Method: Between 2016 and 2019, a total of 25,443 patients with HSP were identified, with 51.3% of patients under the age of 20 years and the highest incidence in March. (3) Results: The autoregressive integrated moving average model and Granger causality test were used to analyze the association between the virus positivity detection rate and HSP incidence. (4) Conclusions: The incidence of HSP was associated with rotavirus, bocavirus, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus in individuals under 20 years of age, whereas adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and norovirus were associated with individuals above that age. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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15 pages, 847 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Vulnerable Patients (Pediatric Patients, Pregnant Women, and Elderly Patients) on an Emergency Medical Service System: A Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Comparative Study Using the Population-Based ORION Registry

by Koshi Ota, Masahiko Nitta, Tomonobu Komeya, Tetsuya Matsuoka and Akira Takasu

Medicina 2024, 60(2), 345; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60020345 - 19 Feb 2024

Viewed by 794

Abstract

Background and Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread all over the world. To assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency medical services (EMS) for vulnerable patients transported by ambulance. Materials and [...] Read more.

Background and Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread all over the world. To assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency medical services (EMS) for vulnerable patients transported by ambulance. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective, descriptive study with a study period from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021 using the Osaka Emergency Information Research Intelligent Operation Network (ORION) system. We included all pediatric patients, pregnant women, and elderly patients ≥ 65 years of age transported by ambulance in Osaka Prefecture. The main outcome of this study was difficult-to-transport cases. We calculated the rate of difficult-to-transport cases under several conditions. Results: For the two year-long periods of 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019 and 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021, a total of 887,647 patients were transported to hospital by ambulance in Osaka Prefecture. The total number of vulnerable patients was 579,815 (304,882 in 2019 and 274,933 in 2021). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that difficult-to-transport cases were significantly more frequent in 2021 than in 2019. Difficult-to-transport cases were significantly less frequent in the vulnerable population than in the non-vulnerable population (adjusted odds ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.80–0.83; p < 0.001). Conclusion: During the pandemic (2021), difficult-to-transport cases were more frequent compared to before the pandemic (2019); however, vulnerable patients were not the cause of difficulties in obtaining hospital acceptance for transport. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 2815 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis in Korea Using the Nationwide Health Insurance Database

by Yu Rim Kim, Ji Hyeon Kim, Sang Won Kim, Jae Min Lee and Jacob S. Bae

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(4), 1159; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13041159 - 19 Feb 2024

Viewed by 601

Abstract

(1) Background: Linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis (LABD) is a rare autoimmune, subepidermal blistering disease, characterized by linear IgA deposits along the epidermal basement membrane. LABD is idiopathic and is associated with medication and systemic autoimmune diseases. (2) Methods: We investigated the demographic [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis (LABD) is a rare autoimmune, subepidermal blistering disease, characterized by linear IgA deposits along the epidermal basement membrane. LABD is idiopathic and is associated with medication and systemic autoimmune diseases. (2) Methods: We investigated the demographic characteristics, disease course, causative agents, and associated diseases in Korean patients with LABD. The Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database was used to obtain data. We identified 670 LABD cases between 2010 and 2022. (3) Results: The annual incidence of LABD was 1.3 per 100,000 persons, with a higher prevalence in individuals ≥60 years old. The patients were treated with dapsone for 30.7 ± 56.7 days, had 1.3 ± 0.7 hospital visits, and were hospitalized for 19.8 ± 19.7 days. Risk factors, including malignancy, commonly preceded LABD. Antibiotic use, specifically vancomycin and third-generation cephalosporins, was a risk factor. The mean age of LABD diagnosis was 55.9 ± 21.7 years. (4) Conclusion: This is the first published study to assess a nationwide cohort for LABD. The incidence of LABD was higher than that in other studies. Most case reports have linked LABD with the administration of specific antibiotics; however, this study shows there were more associations with other conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 1358 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Age- and Sex-Specific Reference Values for Renal Volume and Association with Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease in a General Population—An MRI-Based Study

by Thomas Dabers, Peter Sass, Fritz Fechner, Julian Weyer, Henry Völzke, Andreas Horst Mahnken, Roberto Lorbeer, Birger Mensel and Sylvia Stracke

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(3), 769; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030769 - 29 Jan 2024

Viewed by 573

Abstract

Background: Renal volume (RV) is associated with renal function and with a variety of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs). We analysed RV using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a large population-based study (Study of Health in Pomerania; SHIP-TREND) to find sex- and age-specific reference [...] Read more.

Background: Renal volume (RV) is associated with renal function and with a variety of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs). We analysed RV using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a large population-based study (Study of Health in Pomerania; SHIP-TREND) to find sex- and age-specific reference values for RV and to test the influence of several markers on RV. The main objective is to describe reference values for RV in people from the general population without kidney disease. Methods: 1815 participants without kidney disease (930 women) aged 21–81 years were included in our study. Right and left RV with and without body surface area (BSA) indexation were compared among three age groups (22–39 years, 40–59 years, 60–81 years) by median and interquartile range and tested separately in women and men. Results: The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum uric acid, and right and left RV were higher in men compared to women (all p < 0.001). Left kidneys were larger than right kidneys (both sexes). With age, RV showed a continuously decreasing trend in women and an upside-down U-shaped relation in men. In multivariable linear regression models, current smoking (β = 14.96, 95% CI 12.12; 17.79), BSA (β = 97.66, 95% CI 90.4; 104.93), diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.17, 95% CI 0.01; 0.32), and eGFR (β = 0.57, 95% CI 0.50; 0.65) were positively associated with both left and right RV, whereas uric acid (β = −0.03, 95% CI −0.05; −0.01) showed an inverse association with RV. Interestingly, the same eGFR correlated with higher RV in men compared to women. Conclusion: Reference values for RV are different for age groups and sex. For any given age, female kidneys are smaller than male kidneys. RV associates positively with eGFR, but for any chosen eGFR, renal volume in females is lower compared to males. RV decreases with age, but in men showed a U-shaped correlation. This may reflect hyperfiltration and glomerular hypertrophy associated with the presence of CVRF in middle-aged males. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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13 pages, 2631 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between Relative Thrombocytosis and Microalbuminuria in Adults with Mild Fasting Hyperglycemia

by Jong Wook Choi, Tae Hoon Kim, Joon-Sung Park and Chang Hwa Lee

J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(1), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14010089 - 12 Jan 2024

Viewed by 753

Abstract

An elevated platelet count may contribute to significant thrombotic events and pose a risk for diabetic microvascular complications. Albuminuria, one of the hallmarks of diabetes, is thought to be a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the association between [...] Read more.

An elevated platelet count may contribute to significant thrombotic events and pose a risk for diabetic microvascular complications. Albuminuria, one of the hallmarks of diabetes, is thought to be a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the association between relative thrombocytosis and an increased urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio in healthy adult participants. Using multivariate analyses on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V–VI, 12,525 eligible native Koreans aged ≥ 20 were categorized into platelet count quintiles by sex. The highest platelet count quintile included younger, more obese participants with elevated white blood cell counts, poor lipid profiles, and a better estimated glomerular filtration rate. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis revealed significant associations between platelet count and fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Adjusted logistic regression models indicated that heightened fasting blood glucose and platelet count were linked to risk of microalbuminuria (fasting blood glucose, odds ratio = 1.026, 95%CI = 1.011–1.042; platelet count, odds ratio = 1.004, 95%CI = 1.002–1.006). Particularly, an increased platelet count was notably associated with microalbuminuria progression in subjects with impaired fasting glucose. These findings suggest that an elevated platelet count, even below diagnostic thrombocytosis levels, independently correlates with an increased risk of vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with impaired fasting glucose. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 302 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Factors Affecting Women’s Assessment and Satisfaction with Their Childbirth

by Jagoda Konieczka, Katarzyna Tomczyk, Maciej Wilczak and Karolina Chmaj-Wierzchowska

Medicina 2024, 60(1), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010086 - 01 Jan 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1118

Abstract

Background and Objective: Childbirth is one of the most significant experiences in a woman’s life. The manner in which childbirth unfolds and is experienced can be influenced by various factors, including the birthing environment and the woman’s attitude and preparation. Taking a holistic [...] Read more.

Background and Objective: Childbirth is one of the most significant experiences in a woman’s life. The manner in which childbirth unfolds and is experienced can be influenced by various factors, including the birthing environment and the woman’s attitude and preparation. Taking a holistic view of childbirth, it becomes apparent that addressing the basic physiological needs during childbirth can significantly influence the comfort and sense of security of laboring women. The aim of this research was to assess the level of satisfaction among women with their experience during childbirth and to identify its determinants. Materials and Methods: This study included 275 women who had given birth within the past 15 years and were up to 40 years of age. The research method employed was a diagnostic survey, involving a self-designed questionnaire. Results: discussing the birth plan with the midwife, the ability to ask questions during labor, consuming meals during labor, water immersion, listening to music during labor, assuming vertical positions during the second stage of labor, and skin-to-skin contact are associated with increased satisfaction with the childbirth experience. Conclusions: The study findings revealed that the highest levels of satisfaction were reported in connection with the interactions with medical staff during childbirth and the quality of facilities available during delivery. Conversely, the lowest levels of satisfaction were associated with the possibility of using pain relief methods during labor. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

12 pages, 649 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association of Visiting the Physiotherapist with Mortality in the Spanish General Population: A Population-Based Cohort Study

by Rauf Nouni-García, Álvaro Carbonell-Soliva, Domingo Orozco-Beltrán, Adriana López-Pineda, María Isabel Tomás-Rodríguez, Vicente F. Gil-Guillén, José A. Quesada and Concepción Carratalá-Munuera

Medicina 2023, 59(12), 2187; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59122187 - 16 Dec 2023

Viewed by 876

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this retrospective population-based cohort study was to analyse the association between attendance of physiotherapy with mortality in the Spanish general population and describe the profile of people who do not visit a physiotherapist in Spain. Material [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this retrospective population-based cohort study was to analyse the association between attendance of physiotherapy with mortality in the Spanish general population and describe the profile of people who do not visit a physiotherapist in Spain. Material and Methods: The data sources were the 2011/2012 National Health Survey (ENSE11) and the national database of death in Spain, and the participants were all adult respondents in the ENSE11. Results: Of 20,397 people, 1101 (5.4%) visited the physiotherapist the previous year, and the cumulative incidence of total mortality was 5.4% (n = 1107) at a mean follow-up of 6.2 years. Visiting the physiotherapist was associated with lower all-cause mortality in the population residing in Spain, quantified at 30.1% [RR = 0.699; 95% CI (0.528–0.927); p = 0.013]. The factors associated with not visiting a physiotherapist were the following: rating one’s health as good (9.8%; n = 1017; p < 0.001), not having any hospital admission in the previous year (9.6%; n = 1788; p < 0.001), not having visited the general practitioner in the previous month (9.6%; n = 1408; p < 0.001), and not having attended a day hospital in the previous year (9.7%; n = 1836; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Visiting a physiotherapist was associated with a lower mortality from all causes in the population living in Spain. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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16 pages, 2201 KiB

Open AccessReview

Research Trends in Motivation and Weight Loss: A Bibliometric-Based Review

by Uroš Železnik, Peter Kokol, Jasmina Starc, Danica Železnik, Jernej Završnik and Helena Blažun Vošner

Healthcare 2023, 11(23), 3086; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11233086 - 01 Dec 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1402

Abstract

Obesity is a complex disease that, like COVID-19, has reached pandemic proportions. Consequently, it has become a rapidly growing scientific field, represented by an extensive body of research publications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to present the research trends in the [...] Read more.

Obesity is a complex disease that, like COVID-19, has reached pandemic proportions. Consequently, it has become a rapidly growing scientific field, represented by an extensive body of research publications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to present the research trends in the scientific literature on motivation and weight loss. Because traditional knowledge synthesis approaches are not appropriate for analyzing large corpora of research evidence, we utilized a novel knowledge synthesis approach called synthetic knowledge synthesis (SKS) to generate new holistic insights into obesity research focusing on motivation. SKS is a triangulation of bibliometric analysis, bibliometric mapping, and content analysis. Using it, we analyzed the corpus of publications retrieved from the Scopus database, using the search string TITLE-ABS-KEY((obesity or overweight) and “weight loss” and motiv*) in titles, keywords, and abstracts, without any additional inclusion or exclusion criteria. The search resulted in a corpus of 2301 publications. The United States of America, the United Kingdom, and Australia were the most productive countries. Four themes emerged, namely, weight loss and weight-loss maintenance through motivational interventions, lifestyle changes supported by smart ICT, maintaining sustainable weight with a healthier lifestyle, and weight management on the level of primary healthcare and bariatric surgery. Further, we established that the volume of research literature is growing, as is the scope of the research. However, we observed a regional concentration of research and its funding in developed countries and almost nonexistent research cooperation between developed and less-developed countries. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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11 pages, 884 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Motor Vehicle Protective Device Usage Associated with Decreased Rate of Flail Chest: A Retrospective Database Analysis

by Aria Bassiri, Avanti Badrinathan, Sami Kishawi, Jillian Sinopoli, Philip A. Linden, Vanessa P. Ho and Christopher W. Towe

Medicina 2023, 59(11), 2046; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59112046 - 20 Nov 2023

Viewed by 826

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Protective equipment, including seatbelts and airbags, have dramatically reduced the morbidity and mortality rates associated with motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). While generally associated with a reduced rate of injury, the effect of motor vehicle protective equipment on patterns of [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: Protective equipment, including seatbelts and airbags, have dramatically reduced the morbidity and mortality rates associated with motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). While generally associated with a reduced rate of injury, the effect of motor vehicle protective equipment on patterns of chest wall trauma is unknown. We hypothesized that protective equipment would affect the rate of flail chest after an MVC. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of the 2019 iteration of the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Program (ACS-TQIP) database. Rib fracture types were categorized as non-flail chest rib fractures and flail chest using ICD-10 diagnosis coding. The primary outcome was the occurrence of flail chests after motor vehicle collisions. The protective equipment evaluated were seatbelts and airbags. We performed bivariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine the association of flail chest with the utilization of vehicle protective equipment. Results: We identified 25,101 patients with rib fractures after motor vehicle collisions. In bivariate analysis, the severity of the rib fractures was associated with seatbelt type, airbag status, smoking history, and history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). In multivariate analysis, seatbelt use and airbag deployment (OR 0.76 CI 0.65–0.89) were independently associated with a decreased rate of flail chest. In an interaction analysis, flail chest was only reduced when a lap belt was used in combination with the deployed airbag (OR 0.59 CI 0.43–0.80) when a shoulder belt was used without airbag deployment (0.69 CI 0.49–0.97), or when a shoulder belt was used with airbag deployment (0.57 CI 0.46–0.70). Conclusions: Although motor vehicle protective equipment is associated with a decreased rate of flail chest after a motor vehicle collision, the benefit is only observed when lap belts and airbags are used simultaneously or when a shoulder belt is used. These data highlight the importance of occupant seatbelt compliance and suggest the effect of motor vehicle restraint systems in reducing severe chest wall injuries. Full article

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10 pages, 874 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Further Association of Germline CHEK2 Loss-of-Function Variants with Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

by Kira Kirchner, Christoph Seidel, Finn-Ole Paulsen, Bianca Sievers, Carsten Bokemeyer and Davor Lessel

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(22), 7065; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12227065 - 13 Nov 2023

Viewed by 771

Abstract

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) represent the most frequent malignancy in young adult men and have one the highest heritability rates among all cancers. A recent multicenter case–control study identified CHEK2 as the first moderate-penetrance TGCT predisposition gene. Here, we analyzed CHEK2 in [...] Read more.

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) represent the most frequent malignancy in young adult men and have one the highest heritability rates among all cancers. A recent multicenter case–control study identified CHEK2 as the first moderate-penetrance TGCT predisposition gene. Here, we analyzed CHEK2 in 129 TGCT cases unselected for age of onset, histology, clinical outcome, and family history of any cancer, and the frequency of identified variants was compared to findings in 27,173 ancestry-matched cancer-free men. We identified four TGCT cases harboring a P/LP variant in CHEK2 (4/129, 3.10%), which reached statistical significance (p = 0.0191; odds ratio (OR), 4.06; 95% CI, 1.59–10.54) as compared to the control group. Cases with P/LP variants in CHEK2 developed TGCT almost 6 years earlier than individuals with CHEK2 wild-type alleles (5.67 years; 29.5 vs. 35.17). No association was found between CHEK2 status and further clinical and histopathological characteristics, including histological subtypes, the occurrence of aggressive TGCT, family history of TGCT, and family history of any cancer. In addition, we found significant enrichment for the low-penetrance CHEK2 variant p.Ile157Thr (p = 0.0259; odds ratio (OR), 3.69; 95% CI, 1.45–9.55). Thus, we provide further independent evidence of CHEK2 being a moderate-penetrance TGCT predisposition gene. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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15 pages, 3946 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Construction of a Nomogram to Predict Overall Survival in Patients with Early-Onset Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study

by Tianrui Kuang, Wangbin Ma, Jiacheng Zhang, Jia Yu, Wenhong Deng, Keshuai Dong and Weixing Wang

Cancers 2023, 15(22), 5310; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15225310 - 07 Nov 2023

Viewed by 892

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a widespread and impactful cancer which has pertinent implications worldwide. Although most cases of HCC are typically diagnosed in individuals aged ≥60 years, there has been a notable rise in the occurrence of HCC among younger patients. However, there [...] Read more.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a widespread and impactful cancer which has pertinent implications worldwide. Although most cases of HCC are typically diagnosed in individuals aged ≥60 years, there has been a notable rise in the occurrence of HCC among younger patients. However, there is a scarcity of precise prognostic models available for predicting outcomes in these younger patients. A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate early-onset hepatocellular carcinoma (EO-LIHC) using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2018. The analysis included 1392 patients from the SEER database and our hospital. Among them, 1287 patients from the SEER database were assigned to the training cohort (n = 899) and validation cohort 1 (n = 388), while 105 patients from our hospital were assigned to validation cohort 2. A Cox regression analysis showed that age, sex, AFP, grade, stage, tumor size, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent risk factors. The nomogram developed in this study demonstrated its discriminatory ability to predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates in EO-LIHC patients based on individual characteristics. Additionally, a web-based OS prediction model specifically tailored for EO-LIHC patients was created and validated. Overall, these advancements contribute to improved decision-making and personalized care for individuals with EO-LIHC. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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11 pages, 714 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Underestimated Subsequent Sensorineural Hearing Loss after Septicemia

by Chun-Gu Cheng, Yu-Hsuan Chen, Yin-Han Chang, Hui-Chen Lin, Pi-Wei Chin, Yen-Yue Lin, Ming-Chi Yung and Chun-An Cheng

Medicina 2023, 59(11), 1897; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59111897 - 26 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1035

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Hearing loss after septicemia has been found in mice; the long-term risk increased 50-fold in young adults in a previous study. Hearing loss after septicemia has not received much attention. The aim of this study was to assess the [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: Hearing loss after septicemia has been found in mice; the long-term risk increased 50-fold in young adults in a previous study. Hearing loss after septicemia has not received much attention. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between septicemia and subsequent hearing loss. Materials and Methods: Inpatient data were obtained from the Taiwan Insurance Database. We defined patients with sensorineural hearing loss and excluded patients under 18 years of age. Patients without hearing loss were selected as controls at a frequency of 1:5. The date of admission was defined as the date of diagnosis. Comorbidities in the 3 years preceding the date of diagnosis were retrieved retrospectively. Associations with hearing loss were established by multiple logistic regression and forward stepwise selection. Results: The odds ratio (OR) for the association between sepsis and hearing loss was 3.052 (95% CI: 1.583–5.884). Autoimmune disease (OR: 5.828 (95% CI: 1.906–17.816)), brain injury (OR: 2.264 (95% CI: 1.212–4.229)) and ischemic stroke (OR: 1.47 (95% CI: 1.087–1.988)) were associated with hearing loss. Conclusions: Our study shows that hearing loss occurred after septicemia. Apoptosis caused by sepsis and ischemia can lead to hair cell damage, leading to hearing loss. Clinicians should be aware of possible subsequent complications of septicemia and provide appropriate treatment and prevention strategies for complications. Full article

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17 pages, 1007 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Relationship between Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Functional Tests Assessment in Patients with Lumbar Disk Hernia

by Bogdan-Alexandru Antohe, Hüseyin Şahin Uysal, Adelina-Elena Panaet, George-Sebastian Iacob and Marinela Rață

Healthcare 2023, 11(19), 2669; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11192669 - 01 Oct 2023

Viewed by 935

Abstract

Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are the gold standard for diagnosing herniated discs, there are many limitations to accessing MRI scanning devices in practice. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between functional tests (the visual analog scale (VAS), the SLUMP test, [...] Read more.

Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are the gold standard for diagnosing herniated discs, there are many limitations to accessing MRI scanning devices in practice. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between functional tests (the visual analog scale (VAS), the SLUMP test, the Sciatica Bothersomeness Index (SBI), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the LASEGUE test and MRI findings (LSA, IVDH L4-L5, IVDH L5-S1, DHS L4-L5, and DHS L5-S1) in patients diagnosed with disc herniation. Seventy-eight patients who met the inclusion criteria participated in the study. Radiologists and neurologists evaluated patients with disc herniation. After the disc hernia diagnosis, the patients were referred to a physical therapist for conservative management of the disk hernia. The physical therapists assessed the pain level and performed functional tests on patients. All statistical analyses were performed using R (Core Team) software. The correlation between the measured variables was conducted using the Pearson and Spearman tests. The study results indicated statistically significant correlations between DHS L4-L5 vertebral level and functional tests (VAS: r = 0.49, p = 0.00; SBI: r = 0.44, p = 0.00; ODI: r = 0.49, p = 0.00; LASEGUE: r = −0.48, p = 0.00; SLUMP: r = 0.50, p = 0.00). In conclusion, physiotherapists may prefer functional tests to diagnose the herniated disc, and these functional tests may contribute to performing evidence-based assessments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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13 pages, 902 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Social Determinants of Health Data Improve the Prediction of Cardiac Outcomes in Females with Breast Cancer

by Nickolas Stabellini, Jennifer Cullen, Justin X. Moore, Susan Dent, Arnethea L. Sutton, John Shanahan, Alberto J. Montero and Avirup Guha

Cancers 2023, 15(18), 4630; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15184630 - 19 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1124

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality among breast cancer (BC) patients aged 50 and above. Machine Learning (ML) models are increasingly utilized as prediction tools, and recent evidence suggests that incorporating social determinants of health (SDOH) data can enhance its performance. [...] Read more.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality among breast cancer (BC) patients aged 50 and above. Machine Learning (ML) models are increasingly utilized as prediction tools, and recent evidence suggests that incorporating social determinants of health (SDOH) data can enhance its performance. This study included females ≥ 18 years diagnosed with BC at any stage. The outcomes were the diagnosis and time-to-event of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) within two years following a cancer diagnosis. Covariates encompassed demographics, risk factors, individual and neighborhood-level SDOH, tumor characteristics, and BC treatment. Race-specific and race-agnostic Extreme Gradient Boosting ML models with and without SDOH data were developed and compared based on their C-index. Among 4309 patients, 11.4% experienced a 2-year MACE. The race-agnostic models exhibited a C-index of 0.78 (95% CI 0.76–0.79) and 0.81 (95% CI 0.80–0.82) without and with SDOH data, respectively. In non-Hispanic Black women (NHB; n = 765), models without and with SDOH data achieved a C-index of 0.74 (95% CI 0.72–0.76) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.73–0.78), respectively. Among non-Hispanic White women (n = 3321), models without and with SDOH data yielded a C-index of 0.79 (95% CI 0.77–0.80) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.77–0.80), respectively. In summary, including SDOH data improves the predictive performance of ML models in forecasting 2-year MACE among BC females, particularly within NHB. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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11 pages, 617 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of the Association between Retinal Artery Occlusion and Acute Ischaemic Stroke/ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Risk Factors in Hungarian Patients

by Szabolcs Balla, Attila Vajas, Orsolya Pásztor, Anikó Rentka, Balázs Lukucz, Márta Kasza, Attila Nagy, Mariann Fodor and Valéria Nagy

Medicina 2023, 59(9), 1680; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091680 - 18 Sep 2023

Viewed by 1041

Abstract

Background and Objectives: We aimed to analyse data on retinal artery occlusion (RAO) patients to explore correlations with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and cardio/cerebrovascular comorbidities. Patients and Methods: Our retrospective cohort study included 169 RAO and 169 [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: We aimed to analyse data on retinal artery occlusion (RAO) patients to explore correlations with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and cardio/cerebrovascular comorbidities. Patients and Methods: Our retrospective cohort study included 169 RAO and 169 age- and gender-matched control patients. We examined the association of AIS, STEMI, and related comorbidities such as hypertension (HT), type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1DM and T2DM, respectively), hyperlipidaemia, and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) with RAO. We also recorded atrial fibrillation in our RAO patients. Results: Our results demonstrated that RAO patients developed both AIS and STEMI at a significantly higher rate compared to controls (p < 0.001 for both). We also found that RAO patients had a significantly higher prevalence of HT and hyperlipidaemia (p1 = 0.005, p2 < 0.001) compared to controls. Multiple risk factors together significantly increased the odds of developing AIS and STEMI. Conclusions: Our results suggest that through identifying and treating the risk factors for RAO patients, we can reduce the risk of AIS, STEMI, and RAO of the fellow eye. Considering that ophthalmologists are often the first detectors of these cardiovascularly burdened patients, collaboration with colleagues from internal medicine, cardiology, and neurology is essential to achieve secondary prevention. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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13 pages, 5188 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Research Trends of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Orthopedic Medical Practices: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study

by Hongfu Jin, Miao He, Wenqing Xie, Zixuan Xiong, Zhenhan Deng and Yusheng Li

Medicina 2023, 59(9), 1664; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091664 - 14 Sep 2023

Viewed by 1129

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), also known as self-report measures, are critical tools for evaluating health outcomes by gathering information directly from patients without external interpretation. There has been a growing trend in the number of publications focusing on PROMs [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), also known as self-report measures, are critical tools for evaluating health outcomes by gathering information directly from patients without external interpretation. There has been a growing trend in the number of publications focusing on PROMs in orthopedic-related research. This study aims to identify the most valuable publications, influential journals, leading researchers, and core countries in this field using bibliometric analysis, providing researchers with an understanding of the current state and future trends of PROMs in orthopedic research. Materials and Methods: All PROMs in orthopedic-related publications from 1991 to 2022 were obtained from the WoSCC database. R software (version 4.2.2), VOSviewer (version 1.6.17), and Microsoft Excel (version 2303) were used for the bibliometric and visual analysis. Results: A total of 2273 publication records were found from 1991 to 2022. The results indicated that the United States (US) has made significant contributions to orthopedic-related PROMs. The majority of active research institutions are located in the US. J ORTHOP RES has published the most articles. J BONE JOINT SURG AM has the highest total citations. Conclusions: Our study provides a valuable reference for further exploration of the application of PROMs in orthopedics. PROMs have emerged as an increasingly popular area of research within the field of orthopedics, both in clinical practice and academic research. We conducted a bibliometric analysis in terms of journals, authors, countries, and institutions in this field. Additionally, we analyzed the potentialities and advantages of using PROMs in orthopedic research. There is an increasing trend towards using network-based or short message service (SMS)-based electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROMs) in orthopedic medical practices. It is anticipated that the role of PROMs in psychological and mental health research and telemedicine will continue to grow in importance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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14 pages, 906 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Can Routine Laboratory Tests Be Suggestive in Determining Suspicions of Malignancy in the Case of Thyroid Nodules?

by Mervat Matei, Mihaela Maria Vlad, Ioana Golu, Cristina Ștefania Dumitru, Graziano De Scisciolo and Sergiu-Ciprian Matei

Medicina 2023, 59(8), 1488; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081488 - 18 Aug 2023

Viewed by 1298

Abstract

Background and objectives: Thyroid nodules are a common finding in clinical practice and can be either benign or malignant. The aim of this study was to compare laboratory parameters between patients with malignant thyroid nodules and those with benign thyroid nodules. Materials and [...] Read more.

Background and objectives: Thyroid nodules are a common finding in clinical practice and can be either benign or malignant. The aim of this study was to compare laboratory parameters between patients with malignant thyroid nodules and those with benign thyroid nodules. Materials and methods: A total of 845 patients were included, with 251 in the study group (malignant thyroid nodules) and 594 in the control group (benign thyroid nodules). Results: Our results show that there were statistically significant differences in several laboratory parameters, including FT3, FT4, ESR, fibrinogen, WBC, and lymphocyte percentage, between the two patient groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that certain laboratory parameters may be useful in differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules and could aid in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer. However, further diagnostic tests such as fine-needle aspiration biopsy and imaging studies are typically required for an accurate diagnosis. Routine laboratory tests prove most effective when combined with other diagnostic methods to identify thyroid cancer. Although not conclusive on their own, these tests significantly suggest and guide physicians to suspect malignancy in thyroid nodules. This affirmative answer to our question, “Can routine laboratory tests be suggestive in determining suspicions of malignancy in the case of thyroid nodules?” aligns with the results of our study. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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9 pages, 626 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Model to Prevent Substance Use/Abuse by Student Nurses at Limpopo College of Nursing, South Africa

by Matodzi Doris Netshiswinzhe, Dorah Ursula Ramathuba, Tsakani Rachel Lebese and Lufuno Makhado

Healthcare 2023, 11(16), 2285; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11162285 - 14 Aug 2023

Viewed by 975

Abstract

Background: Substance use/abuse is a global challenge that has detrimental effects on nations’ health, wealth, and security. Substance users in Africa make up roughly 17% to 21% of global illicit drug users in Africa and cannabis abuse (63%) (UNODC, 2010). Purpose: We aimed [...] Read more.

Background: Substance use/abuse is a global challenge that has detrimental effects on nations’ health, wealth, and security. Substance users in Africa make up roughly 17% to 21% of global illicit drug users in Africa and cannabis abuse (63%) (UNODC, 2010). Purpose: We aimed to develop, describe, and evaluate a model that could be used as a framework of reference to prevent substance use/abuse by student nurses at Limpopo College of Nursing, South Africa. Method: A mixed-method study approach was used following a qualitative exploratory, descriptive, and contextual design to explore factors contributing to substance use/abuse by student nurses and quantitatively examine the impact of substance use/abuse on students’ academic achievements in Limpopo Province. Findings: The results of the first empirical phase reveal two themes and seven subthemes from the semi-structured interviews with lecturers, students, and support staff. The literature supported the results. In phase 2, we analyzed the concept of the “prevention” of substance use/abuse by student nurses following the process of a concept analysis by Walker and Avant (2016). The results were conceptualized within the six elements of practice theory: context, agent, recipient, dynamic, process and procedure, and outcome. Conclusions: The relational statements provided the basis for the model description. A reliable method was used to describe and evaluate the model. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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16 pages, 1336 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Alberta Childhood Cancer Survivorship Research Program

by Andrew Harper, Fiona Schulte, Gregory M. T. Guilcher, Tony H. Truong, Kathleen Reynolds, Maria Spavor, Natalie Logie, Joon Lee and Miranda M. Fidler-Benaoudia

Cancers 2023, 15(15), 3932; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153932 - 02 Aug 2023

Viewed by 939

Abstract

Adverse outcomes after childhood cancer have been assessed in a range of settings, but most existing studies are historical and ascertain outcomes only after 5-year survival. Here, we describe the Alberta Childhood Cancer Survivorship Research Program and its foundational retrospective, population-based cohort of [...] Read more.

Adverse outcomes after childhood cancer have been assessed in a range of settings, but most existing studies are historical and ascertain outcomes only after 5-year survival. Here, we describe the Alberta Childhood Cancer Survivorship Research Program and its foundational retrospective, population-based cohort of Albertan residents diagnosed with a first primary neoplasm between the ages of 0 and 17 years from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2018. The cohort was established in collaboration with the Alberta Cancer Registry and Cancer in Young People in Canada program and has been linked to existing administrative health databases and patient-reported outcome questionnaires. The cohort comprised 2580 survivors of childhood cancer, 1379 (53.4%) of whom were 5-year survivors. Approximately 48% of the cohort was female, 47% of the cohort was diagnosed between 0 and 4 years of age, and the most frequent diagnoses were leukemias (25.4%), central nervous system tumors (24.0%), and lymphomas (14.9%). Detailed treatment information was available for 1741 survivors (67.5%), with manual abstraction ongoing for those with missing data. By the study exit date, the median time since diagnosis was 5.5 years overall and 10.4 years for 5-year survivors. During the follow-up time, 82 subsequent primary cancers were diagnosed, 20,355 inpatient and 555,425 ambulatory/outpatient events occurred, 606,773 claims were reported, and 437 survivors died. The results from this research program seek to inform and improve clinical care and reduce cancer-related sequelae via tertiary prevention strategies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 261 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characterizing Employees with Primary and Secondary Caregiving Responsibilities: Informal Care Provision in Malaysia

by Caryn Mei Hsien Chan, Ching Sin Siau, Jyh Eiin Wong, Noorazrul Yahya, Nor Aniza Azmi, Shin Ying Chu, Mahadir Ahmad, Agnes Shu Sze Chong, Lei Hum Wee and Jo Pei Tan

Healthcare 2023, 11(14), 2033; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11142033 - 16 Jul 2023

Viewed by 892

Abstract

There is a need to determine the extent to which Malaysian employees reconcile both paid employment and informal care provision. We examined data from the Malaysia’s Healthiest Workplace via AIA Vitality Online Survey 2019 (N = 17,286). A multivariate multinomial regression was conducted [...] Read more.

There is a need to determine the extent to which Malaysian employees reconcile both paid employment and informal care provision. We examined data from the Malaysia’s Healthiest Workplace via AIA Vitality Online Survey 2019 (N = 17,286). A multivariate multinomial regression was conducted to examine characteristics for the following groups: primary caregiver of a child or disabled child, primary caregiver of a disabled adult or elderly individual, primary caregiver for both children and elderly, as well as secondary caregivers. Respondent mean age ± SD was 34.76 ± 9.31, with 49.6% (n = 8573), identifying as either a primary or secondary caregiver to at least one child under 18 years, an elderly individual, or both. Males (n = 6957; 40.2%) had higher odds of being primary caregivers to children (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.85–2.30), elderly (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.09–1.41) and both children and elderly (OR 1.87; 95% CI 1.57–2.22). However, males were less likely to be secondary caregivers than females (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.53–0.71). Our results highlight the differences in characteristics of employees engaged in informal care provision, and to a lesser degree, the extent to which mid-life individual employees are sandwiched into caring for children and/or the elderly. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

22 pages, 692 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Design, Development, and Validation of the Self-Perceived Health Scale (SPHS)

by Lorena Ishel Tinajero-Chávez, José Fernando Mora-Romo, Andrea Bravo-Doddoli, Beatríz Viridiana Cruz-Narciso, Nazira Calleja and Filiberto Toledano-Toledano

Healthcare 2023, 11(14), 2007; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11142007 - 12 Jul 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1948

Abstract

Health is a multidimensional concept with notable psychological factors, such as self-perceived health (SPH). SPH is defined as the subjective assessment of individual health status, and it integrates information related to both physical and psychological aspects, such as lifestyle. This study describes the [...] Read more.

Health is a multidimensional concept with notable psychological factors, such as self-perceived health (SPH). SPH is defined as the subjective assessment of individual health status, and it integrates information related to both physical and psychological aspects, such as lifestyle. This study describes the development of the Self-Perceived Health Scale (SPHS), and its validation in a Mexican sample (n = 600). Exploratory factor analysis (n = 303) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 293) were carried out, and they supported the three-dimensionality of the SPH construct: physical health, psychological health, and healthy lifestyle. A final 12-item scale was obtained, and the scale showed adequate validity and reliability, as well as measurement invariance between sexes, indicating its robustness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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11 pages, 227 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between Preoperative Psychiatric Morbidities and Mortality after Oncologic Surgery: A Nationwide Cohort Study from 2002 to 2019 in South Korea

by Tak-Kyu Oh, Hye-Yoon Park and In-Ae Song

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(7), 1069; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13071069 - 29 Jun 2023

Viewed by 950

Abstract

We aimed to examine whether preoperative psychiatric morbidities affect 30-day postoperative mortality. Using a nationwide registration database in South Korea, the study included all patients who underwent curative cancer surgery from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2019. Patients underwent surgery for breast, [...] Read more.

We aimed to examine whether preoperative psychiatric morbidities affect 30-day postoperative mortality. Using a nationwide registration database in South Korea, the study included all patients who underwent curative cancer surgery from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2019. Patients underwent surgery for breast, laryngeal, lung, thyroid, gastric, colorectal, esophageal, liver, pancreatic, kidney, bladder, testicular, prostate, vulvar, uterine, or brain cancer. Depression, anxiety disorder, substance abuse, and post-traumatic stress disorder were considered preoperative psychiatric morbidities. Among the 944,794 patients in the final analysis, 5490 (0.6%) died within 30 days of the surgery, and 24,370 (2.6%) had preoperative psychiatric morbidities. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative psychiatric morbidities were associated with a higher (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09, 1.39; p = 0.001) 30-day mortality rate than the rate noted for patients without preoperative psychiatric morbidities. This association was significant in the breast (aOR: 3.31, 95% CI: 1.36, 8.07; p = 0.009), lung (aOR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.01; p = 0.001), and kidney (aOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.06, 3.31; p = 0.03) cancer groups in the subgroup analyses. In South Korea, preoperative psychiatric morbidities are considered to be associated with increased 30-day postoperative mortality. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

13 pages, 300 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Differences in Loneliness and Social Isolation among Community-Dwelling Older Adults by Household Type: A Nationwide Survey in Japan

by Nanami Oe and Etsuko Tadaka

Healthcare 2023, 11(11), 1647; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111647 - 04 Jun 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1533

Abstract

(1) Background: Social isolation and loneliness are determinants of healthy longevity. However, previous research has focused on either social isolation or loneliness and has not considered household types. This study sought to clarify loneliness and social isolation among older adults using single-person (ST) [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Social isolation and loneliness are determinants of healthy longevity. However, previous research has focused on either social isolation or loneliness and has not considered household types. This study sought to clarify loneliness and social isolation among older adults using single-person (ST) or multi-person (MT) household types. (2) Methods: We administered a national, anonymous, self-administered survey to 5351 Japanese older adults aged 65 years or older. The survey included subjects’ demographic characteristics and scores for loneliness (University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale version 3 (Cronbach’s α = 0.790)), social isolation (Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6) (Cronbach’s α = 0.82)), and self-efficacy (GSES). (3) Results: After adjusting for age and gender, ST individuals had significantly lower LSNS-6 and significantly higher UCLA scores than MT individuals (p < 0.001). Lower LSNS-6 and higher UCLA scores were significantly associated with lower GSES scores, and the effect of GSES was greater for ST than for MT (LSNS-6, ST (β = 0.358, p < 0.001); MT (β = 0.295, p < 0.001)) (UCLA, ST (β = −0.476, p < 0.001); MT (β = −0.381, p < 0.001)). (4) Conclusions: Specific healthcare systems and programs based on self-efficacy should be developed by household type to reduce both social isolation and loneliness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

21 pages, 771 KiB

Open AccessProject Report

UPO Biobank: The Challenge of Integrating Biobanking into the Academic Environment to Support Translational Research

by Valentina Bettio, Eleonora Mazzucco, Chiara Aleni, Silvia Cracas, Carmela Rinaldi, Annamaria Antona, Marco Varalda, Jacopo Venetucci, Daniela Ferrante, Antonio Rimedio and Daniela Capello

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(6), 911; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13060911 - 29 May 2023

Viewed by 1196

Abstract

Biobanks are driving motors of precision and personalized medicine by providing high-quality biological material/data through the standardization and harmonization of their collection, preservation, and distribution. UPO Biobank was established in 2020 as an institutional, disease, and population biobank within the University of Piemonte [...] Read more.

Biobanks are driving motors of precision and personalized medicine by providing high-quality biological material/data through the standardization and harmonization of their collection, preservation, and distribution. UPO Biobank was established in 2020 as an institutional, disease, and population biobank within the University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO) for the promotion and support of high-quality, multidisciplinary studies. UPO Biobank collaborates with UPO researchers, sustaining academic translational research, and supports the Novara Cohort Study, a longitudinal cohort study involving the population in the Novara area that will collect data and biological specimens that will be available for epidemiological, public health, and biological studies on aging. UPO Biobank has been developed by implementing the quality standards for the field and the ethical and legal issues and normative about privacy protection, data collection, and sharing. As a member of the “Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure” (BBMRI) network, UPO Biobank aims to expand its activity worldwide and launch cooperation with new national and international partners and researchers. The objective of this manuscript is to report an institutional and operational experience through the description of the technical and procedural solutions and ethical and scientific implications associated with the establishment of this university research biobank. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 1072 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of the Risk Factors for Cellulitis among Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

by Bo-Yuan Wang, Shun-Fa Yang, Ke-Hsin Ting, Yu-Hsun Wang, Ming-Chih Chou and Chao-Bin Yeh

Medicina 2023, 59(5), 933; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050933 - 12 May 2023

Viewed by 2151

Abstract

Background and objectives: The objective of this study is to elucidate peripheral occlusion artery disease (PAOD) as a risk factor for cellulitis. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective population-based cohort study. The database is the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, which [...] Read more.

Background and objectives: The objective of this study is to elucidate peripheral occlusion artery disease (PAOD) as a risk factor for cellulitis. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective population-based cohort study. The database is the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, which covers two million beneficiaries from the entire population of the 2010 registry for beneficiaries in Taiwan. The PAOD group is composed of patients who were newly diagnosed with PAOD from 2001 to 2014. The non-PAOD group is composed of patients who were never diagnosed with PAOD from 2001 to 2015. All patients were followed until the onset of cellulitis, death, or until the end of 2015. Results: Finally, 29,830 patients who were newly diagnosed with PAOD were included in the PAOD group, and 29,830 patients who were never diagnosed with PAOD were included in the non-PAOD group. The incidence densities (ID) of cellulitis were 26.05 (95% CI = 25.31–26.80) patients per 1000 person-years in the PAOD group and 49.10 (95% CI = 48.04–50.19) in the non-PAOD group. The PAOD group had an increased risk of cellulitis (adjusted HR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.87–2.01) compared to the non-PAOD group. Conclusions: Patients with PAOD were associated with a higher risk of subsequent cellulitis compared to patients without PAOD. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 923 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between Chronic Kidney Disease and Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Studies Using ICD-10 Codes in a National Health Screening Cohort

by Ye Ji Shim, Hyo Geun Choi and Jee Hye Wee

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(8), 2861; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12082861 - 14 Apr 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1461

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) using a population-based cohort study. We used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service–Health Screening Cohort. Participants were selected based on diagnosis and treatment [...] Read more.

This study aims to investigate the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) using a population-based cohort study. We used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service–Health Screening Cohort. Participants were selected based on diagnosis and treatment codes, and CKD participants were 1:4 matched with control participants. Covariates, including demographic and lifestyle factors, and comorbidities were considered in the analysis. We calculated the incidence rate and hazards ratio of SSNHL. A total of 16,713 CKD participants and 66,852 matched controls were enrolled. The CKD group had a higher incidence rate of SSNHL compared to the control group at 2.16 and 1.74 per 1000 person-years, respectively. The CKD group exhibited a higher risk for SSNHL compared to the control group with adjusted HR 1.21. In the subgroup analysis, the presence of cardiovascular risk factors was associated with a diminished effect of CKD on the risk of developing SSNHL. This study provides strong evidence of an association between CKD per se and an increased risk of SSNHL even after adjusting for various demographic and comorbidity factors. The findings suggest that CKD patients may require more comprehensive monitoring for hearing loss. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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16 pages, 700 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Breast, Prostate, Colorectal, and Lung Cancer Incidence and Risk Factors in Women Who Have Sex with Women and Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis Using UK Biobank

by Sarah Underwood, Georgios Lyratzopoulos and Catherine L. Saunders

Cancers 2023, 15(7), 2031; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15072031 - 29 Mar 2023

Viewed by 1761

Abstract

Background. There is limited evidence about cancer incidence for lesbian, gay and bisexual women and men, although the prevalence of cancer risk factors may be higher. Aim. To describe cancer incidence for four common cancers (breast, lung, colorectal and prostate). Methods. This project [...] Read more.

Background. There is limited evidence about cancer incidence for lesbian, gay and bisexual women and men, although the prevalence of cancer risk factors may be higher. Aim. To describe cancer incidence for four common cancers (breast, lung, colorectal and prostate). Methods. This project used UK Biobank participant data. We explored risk factor prevalence (age, deprivation, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol intake, obesity, parity, and sexual history), and calculated cancer risk, for six groups defined based on sexual history; women who have sex exclusively with men (WSEM), or women (WSEW), women who have sex with men and women (WSWM); men who have sex exclusively with women (MSEW), or men (MSEM), and men who have sex with women and men (MSWM). Results. WSEW, WSWM, MSEM, and MSMW were younger, more likely to smoke, and to live in more deprived neighbourhoods. We found no evidence of an association between sexual history and breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer in age-adjusted models. Lung cancer incidence was higher for WSWM compared with WSEM, HR (95%CI) 1.78 (1.28–2.48), p = 0.0005, and MSWM compared with MSEW, 1.43 (1.03–1.99), p = 0.031; after adjustment for smoking, this difference was no longer significant. Conclusions. Sexual minority groups have a higher risk for lung cancer, due to greater exposure to smoking. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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15 pages, 2316 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring Determinants of HIV/AIDS Self-Testing Uptake in South Africa Using Generalised Linear Poisson and Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression

by Emmanuel Fundisi, Simangele Dlamini, Tholang Mokhele, Gina Weir-Smith and Enathi Motolwana

Healthcare 2023, 11(6), 881; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060881 - 17 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1092

Abstract

Increased HIV/AIDS testing is of paramount importance in controlling the HIV/AIDS pandemic and subsequently saving lives. Despite progress in HIV/AIDS testing programmes, most people are still reluctant to test and thus are still unaware of their status. Understanding the factors associated with uptake [...] Read more.

Increased HIV/AIDS testing is of paramount importance in controlling the HIV/AIDS pandemic and subsequently saving lives. Despite progress in HIV/AIDS testing programmes, most people are still reluctant to test and thus are still unaware of their status. Understanding the factors associated with uptake levels of HIV/AIDS self-testing requires knowledge of people’s perceptions and attitudes, thus informing evidence-based decision making. Using the South African National HIV Prevalence, HIV Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey of 2017 (SABSSM V), this study assessed the efficacy of Generalised Linear Poisson Regression (GLPR) and Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (GWPR) in modelling the spatial dependence and non-stationary relationships of HIV/AIDS self-testing uptake and covariates. The models were calibrated at the district level across South Africa. Results showed a slightly better performance of GWPR (pseudo R² = 0.91 and AICc = 390) compared to GLPR (pseudo R² = 0.88 and AICc = 2552). Estimates of local intercepts derived from GWPR exhibited differences in HIV/AIDS self-testing uptake. Overall, the output of this study displays interesting findings on the levels of spatial heterogeneity of factors associated with HIV/AIDS self-testing uptake across South Africa, which calls for district-specific policies to increase awareness of the need for HIV/AIDS self-testing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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19 pages, 1876 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Unemployment Status Subsequent to Cancer Diagnosis and Therapies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Martina Chimienti, Giustino Morlino, Fabio Ingravalle, Antonio Vinci, Emilio Colarusso, Carolina De Santo, Valeria Formosa, Lavinia Gentile, Grazia Lorusso, Claudia Mosconi, Martina Scaramella, Virginia Rosca, Elena Veneziano, Francesco Torino, Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti and Leonardo Palombi

Cancers 2023, 15(5), 1513; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051513 - 28 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1773

Abstract

The purpose of our study is to examine whether cancer and treatments are associated with job loss or changes in employment status. Eight prospective studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, with a population aged 18–65 years, analyzing treatment regimen and [...] Read more.

The purpose of our study is to examine whether cancer and treatments are associated with job loss or changes in employment status. Eight prospective studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, with a population aged 18–65 years, analyzing treatment regimen and psychophysical and social status in post-cancer follow-up of at least 2 years. In the meta-analysis, a comparison was made between recovered unemployed cases and cases from a standard reference population. Results are summarized graphically using a forest plot. We showed that cancer and subsequent treatment are risk factors for unemployment with an overall relative risk of 7.24 (lnRR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.32–2.63) or for change in employment status. Individuals undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment and those with brain and colorectal cancers are more likely to develop disabilities that negatively affect the risk of unemployment. Finally, variables such as low level education, female sex, older age, and being overweight before starting therapy are associated with higher risk of unemployment. In the future, it will be necessary for people with cancer to have access to specific health, social welfare, and employment support programs. In addition, it is desirable that they become more involved in their choice of therapeutic treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 550 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Factors Associated with Lack of Health Screening among People with Disabilities Using Andersen’s Behavioral Model

by Ye-Soon Kim and Seung Hee Ho

Healthcare 2023, 11(5), 656; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11050656 - 23 Feb 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1152

Abstract

People with disabilities often have poorer health than the general population, and many do not participate in preventive care. This study aimed to identify the health screening participation rates of such individuals and investigate why they did not receive preventive medical services based [...] Read more.

People with disabilities often have poorer health than the general population, and many do not participate in preventive care. This study aimed to identify the health screening participation rates of such individuals and investigate why they did not receive preventive medical services based on Andersen’s behavioral model, using data from the Survey on Handicapped Persons with Disabilities. The non-participation health screening rate for people with disabilities was 69.1%. Many did not in health screening because they showed no symptoms and were considered healthy, in addition to poor transportation service and economic limitations. The binary logistic regression result indicates that younger age, lower level education, and unmarried as predisposing characteristics; non-economic activity as the enabling resources; and no chronic diseases, severe disability grade, and suicidal ideation as need factor variables were the strongest determinants of non-participation health screening. This indicates that health screening of people with disabilities should be promoted while takings into account the large individual differences in socioeconomic status and disability characteristics. It is particularly necessary to prioritize ways to adjust need factors such as chronic disease and mental health management, rather than focusing on uncontrollable predisposing characteristics and enabling resources among barriers to participation in health screening for people with disabilities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 324 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

The Role of Vitamin D in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases: A Narrative Review

by Agata Czarnywojtek, Ewa Florek, Krzysztof Pietrończyk, Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj, Marek Ruchała, Ohad Ronen, Iain J. Nixon, Ashok R. Shaha, Juan Pablo Rodrigo, Ralph Patrick Tufano, Mark Zafereo, Gregory William Randolph and Alfio Ferlito

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(4), 1452; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12041452 - 11 Feb 2023

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3219

Abstract

Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency has garnered significant attention in contemporary medical research. Although the canonical biological activity of VitD manifests itself mainly in the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, recent studies show that, thanks to the presence of numerous receptors, VitD may also play [...] Read more.

Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency has garnered significant attention in contemporary medical research. Although the canonical biological activity of VitD manifests itself mainly in the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, recent studies show that, thanks to the presence of numerous receptors, VitD may also play an important role in regulating the immune system. VitD deficiency has been demonstrated to impact autoimmune disease, coeliac disease, infections (including respiratory/COVID-19), and patients with cancer. Recent studies also show that VitD plays a significant role in autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs). Many studies have shown a correlation between low VitD levels and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis – Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), Graves’ disease (GD), and postpartum thyroiditis (PPT). This review article, therefore, describes the current state of knowledge on the role of VitD in AITDs, including HT, GD, and PTT. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

12 pages, 1749 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development and Validation of a Risk-Prediction Nomogram for Chronic Low Back Pain Using a National Health Examination Survey: A Cross-Sectional Study

by Jung Guel Kim, Sang-Min Park, Ho-Joong Kim and Jin S. Yeom

Healthcare 2023, 11(4), 468; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11040468 - 06 Feb 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1416

Abstract

Background: Several prognostic factors have been reported for chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, there are no studies on the prediction of CLBP development in the general population using a risk prediction model. This cross-sectional study aimed to develop and validate a risk [...] Read more.

Background: Several prognostic factors have been reported for chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, there are no studies on the prediction of CLBP development in the general population using a risk prediction model. This cross-sectional study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for CLBP development in the general population, and to create a nomogram that can help a person at risk of developing CLBP to receive appropriate counseling on risk modification. Methods: Data on CLBP development, demographics, socioeconomic history, and comorbid health conditions of the participants were obtained through a nationally representative health examination and survey from 2007 to 2009. Prediction models for CLBP development were derived from a health survey on a random sample of 80% of the data and validated in the remaining 20%. After developing the risk prediction model for CLBP, the model was incorporated into a nomogram. Results: Data for 17,038 participants were analyzed, including 2693 with CLBP and 14,345 without CLBP. The selected risk factors included age, sex, occupation, education level, mid-intensity physical activity, depressive symptoms, and comorbidities. This model had good predictive performance in the validation dataset (concordance statistic = 0.7569, Hosmer–Lemeshow chi-square statistic = 12.10, p = 0.278). Based on our model, the findings indicated no significant differences between the observed and predicted probabilities. Conclusions: The risk prediction model presented by a nomogram, which is a score-based prediction system, can be incorporated into the clinical setting. Thus, our prediction model can help individuals at risk of developing CLBP to receive appropriate counseling on risk modification from primary physicians. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 2819 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Problem of Antimalarial-Drug Abuse by the Inhabitants of Ghana

by Ewa Zieliński, Marek Kowalczyk, Karolina Osowiecka, Łukasz Klepacki, Łukasz Dyśko and Katarzyna Wojtysiak

Medicina 2023, 59(2), 257; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59020257 - 29 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1969

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria is still a huge social and economic health problem in the world. It especially affects the developing countries of Africa. A particular problem is the misuse and abuse of over-the-counter antimalarials. This problem could lead to the emergence of drug-resistant [...] Read more.

Introduction: Malaria is still a huge social and economic health problem in the world. It especially affects the developing countries of Africa. A particular problem is the misuse and abuse of over-the-counter antimalarials. This problem could lead to the emergence of drug-resistant strains and the subsequent elimination of more antimalarials from the list of effective antimalarials in Ghana. Methods: During the implementation of the study, an original questionnaire was used to collect data among Ghanaians on their knowledge of malaria, attitude towards antimalarials and their use of antimalarials. Results: The proportion in the analyzed subgroups was compared using the chi-square test. The analysis was conducted using TIBCO Software Inc., Krakow, Poland (2017) and Statistica (data analysis software system), version 13. In total, 86.29% of respondents knew the symptoms of malaria (p = 0.02) and 57.2% knew the cause of malaria (p < 0.001). Respondents with higher education were significantly more likely to know the symptoms of malaria (96%) p < 0.001. In the study group, only 74.59% of the respondents consulted medical personnel before taking the antimalarial drug (p = 0.51) and only 14.2% of the remaining respondents performed a rapid diagnostic test for malaria. Conclusions: The awareness of Accra and Yendi native inhabitants about the causes and symptoms of malaria and alternative ways of prevention is quite high. People’s education very significantly influences the way Accra residents deal with suspected malaria. Widespread public education and awareness and accessibility to places where antimalarial drugs are sold play a very important role in the proper use of antimalarial drugs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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11 pages, 247 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Questionnaire-Based Analysis of Adverse Events and Compliance with Malaria Chemoprophylaxis in Taiwan

by Ching-Yun Lin, Ko Chang and Chai-Jan Chang

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(2), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13020179 - 19 Jan 2023

Viewed by 1291

Abstract

Malaria was eradicated in Taiwan in 1952; however, imported malaria cases are reported every year. The subtropical climate in Taiwan permits mosquito propagation and possible outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate travelers’ compliance and side effects of [...] Read more.

Malaria was eradicated in Taiwan in 1952; however, imported malaria cases are reported every year. The subtropical climate in Taiwan permits mosquito propagation and possible outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate travelers’ compliance and side effects of malaria prophylaxis to prevent a malaria outbreak in Taiwan. In this prospective study, we enrolled travelers who visited our travel clinic before going to malarious areas. A total of 161 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Associations between the occurrence of side effects and compliance with antimalarial drugs were analyzed. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated after adjusting for potential risk factors in multiple logistic regression analysis. Of the 161 enrolled travelers, 58 (36.0%) reported side effects. Insomnia, somnolence, irritability, nausea, and anorexia were associated with poor compliance. Mefloquine was not associated with more neuropsychological side effects than doxycycline. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that chemoprophylaxis compliance was affected by a younger age, visiting friends and relatives, visiting the travel clinic more than 1 week before the trip, and preferring to use the same antimalarial regimen on the next trip. Our findings could provide information to travelers besides labeled side effects to improve compliance with malaria prophylaxis and consequently help to prevent malaria outbreaks in Taiwan. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

18 pages, 295 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Physician’s Perspectives on Factors Influencing Antibiotic Resistance: A Qualitative Study in Vietnam

by Khanh Nguyen Di, Sun Tee Tay, Sasheela Sri La Sri Ponnampalavanar, Duy Toan Pham and Li Ping Wong

Healthcare 2023, 11(1), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11010126 - 31 Dec 2022

Viewed by 1182

Abstract

(1) Background: The antibiotic resistance (ABR) rates are escalating to seriously high levels worldwide. This study was conducted to determine physicians’ perspectives on factors influencing ABR in Vietnam. (2) Methods: Focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted through in-depth interviews on ABR perspectives with [...] Read more.

(1) Background: The antibiotic resistance (ABR) rates are escalating to seriously high levels worldwide. This study was conducted to determine physicians’ perspectives on factors influencing ABR in Vietnam. (2) Methods: Focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted through in-depth interviews on ABR perspectives with 5–6 physicians from different geographical locations and hospitals in Vietnam between March and June 2020. The research questions were focused on three main themes of (a) knowledge deficiency on ABR and hospital-acquired infection, (b) antibiotic prescribing practice among clinicians in the healthcare setting, and (c) regulations and hospital policies on antibiotic use. The descriptive analysis was performed using QRS NVivo software. (3) Results: A total of six FGDs were conducted among 34 physicians (18 males, 16 females) aged 26–53 years old from six public and six private hospitals in Vietnam. Most of the participants were attending physicians (85.3%) and had 5–10 years of experience in surgical wards (55.9%). For theme (a), a majority of participants agreed that they had adequate information updates on how ABR develops in their clinical setting; and were well aware of hospital-acquired infections. For theme (b), the participants agreed that WHO guidelines and Vietnam national guidelines were two important reference documents in guiding physicians in antibiotic use. For theme (c), the FGD study revealed awareness of ABR, hospital antibiotic policies, and procedures for administrators on antibiotic use that were updated and complied with. (4) Conclusions: While different levels of control measures against ABR are ongoing in Vietnam, several weaknesses in the current antibiotic prescribing strategies in the hospital and clinical setting management policies have been identified in the healthcare system. The research findings will be helpful for policymakers to have better plans of action against ABR in Vietnam. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)
(This article belongs to the Section Healthcare Quality and Patient Safety)

15 pages, 2513 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ten-Year Change in Disorders of Consciousness: A Bibliometric Analysis

by Xiaochun Zheng, Chengwei Xu, Shuiyan Li, Wanchun Wu, Qiuyi Xiao and Qiuyou Xie

Medicina 2023, 59(1), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59010078 - 29 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2153

Abstract

Objectives: Disorders of consciousness (DoC) is a dynamic and challenging discipline, presenting intriguing challenges to clinicians and neurorehabilitation specialists for the lack of reliable assessment methods and interventions. Understanding DoC keeps pace with scientific research is urgent to need. We quantitively analyzed [...] Read more.

Objectives: Disorders of consciousness (DoC) is a dynamic and challenging discipline, presenting intriguing challenges to clinicians and neurorehabilitation specialists for the lack of reliable assessment methods and interventions. Understanding DoC keeps pace with scientific research is urgent to need. We quantitively analyzed publications on DoC over the recent 10 years via bibliometrics analysis, to summarize the intellectual structure, current research hotspots, and future research trends in the field of DoC. Methods: Literature was obtained from the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). To illustrate the knowledge structure of DoC, CiteSpace 5.8.R3 was used to conduct a co-occurrence analysis of countries, institutions, and keywords, and a co-citation analysis of references and journals. Also, Gephi 0.9.2 contributed to the author and co-cited author analysis. We found the most influential journals, authors, and countries and the most talked about keywords in the last decade of research. Results: A total of 1919 publications were collected. Over the past 10 years, the total number of annual publications has continued to increase, with the largest circulation in 2018. We found most DoC research and close cooperation originated from developed countries, e.g., the USA, Canada, and Italy. Academics from Belgium appear to have a strong presence in the field of DoC. The most influential journals were also mainly distributed in the USA and some European countries. Conclusions: This bibliometric study sheds light on the knowledge architecture of DoC research over the past decade, reflecting current hotspots and emerging trends, and providing new insights for clinicians and academics interested in DoC. The hot issues in DoC were diagnosing and differentiating the level of consciousness, and detecting covert awareness in early severe brain-injured patients. New trends focus on exploring the recovery mechanism of DoC and neuromodulation techniques. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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12 pages, 1315 KiB

Open AccessReview

Ethical Foundations of the Accompanying Patient’s Role for an Enhanced Patient Experience: A Scoping Review

by Mylène Shankland, Amaryllis Ferrand, Isabelle Ganache, Marie-Andrée Côté and Marie-Pascale Pomey

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(1), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010077 - 29 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2392

Abstract

In recent years, recognizing patients’ experiential knowledge to improve the quality of care has resulted in the participation of patient advisors at various levels of healthcare systems. Some who are working at the clinical level are called accompanying patients (AP). A PRISMA-ScR exploratory [...] Read more.

In recent years, recognizing patients’ experiential knowledge to improve the quality of care has resulted in the participation of patient advisors at various levels of healthcare systems. Some who are working at the clinical level are called accompanying patients (AP). A PRISMA-ScR exploratory scoping review of the literature was conducted on articles published from 2005 to 2021. Articles not in English or French and grey literature were excluded. The databases searched included Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The data were organized according to the similarities in the ethical foundations of the included papers. Out of 2095 identified papers, 8 met inclusion criteria. Terms used to describe APs included peer support, resource parent, and peer health mediator. The clinical settings included psychiatry/mental health and neonatology. APs, patients, healthcare professionals, managers and policy makers were included in the studies. Three personal ethical foundations describing the foundations of the AP role were found: resilience, listening skills and altruism. The ethical foundations of this role also addressed interpersonal and interprofessional relationships with other actors in the healthcare system. The literature on the ethical foundations of APs is sparse, with heterogeneous methodologies. Further studies mobilizing well-defined methodologies would further validate the current results and deepen our understanding of the ethical foundations of the AP role. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Public Health and Healthcare in the Context of Big Data)

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