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Keywords = quantum dot technology

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15 pages, 2272 KiB  
Article
Improving the Detection Accuracy of Subsurface Damage in Optical Materials by Exploiting the Fluorescence Polarization Properties of Quantum Dots
by Yana Cui, Xuelian Liu, Bo Xiao, Yajie Wu and Chunyang Wang
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(15), 1182; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15151182 - 31 Jul 2025
Abstract
Optical materials are widely used in large optical systems such as lithography machines and astronomical telescopes. However, optical materials inevitably produce subsurface damage (SSD) during lapping and polishing processes, degrading the laser damage threshold and impacting the service life of the optical system. [...] Read more.
Optical materials are widely used in large optical systems such as lithography machines and astronomical telescopes. However, optical materials inevitably produce subsurface damage (SSD) during lapping and polishing processes, degrading the laser damage threshold and impacting the service life of the optical system. The large surface roughness of the lapped optical materials further increases the difficulty of the nondestructive detection of SSD. Quantum dots (QDs) show great development potential in the nondestructive detection of SSD in lapped materials. However, existing QD-based SSD detection methods ignore the polarization sensitivity of QDs to excitation light, which affects the detection accuracy of SSD. To address this problem, this paper explores the fluorescence polarization properties of QDs in the SSD of optical materials. First, the detection principle of SSD based on the fluorescence polarization of QDs is investigated. Subsequently, a fluorescence polarization detection system is developed to analyze the fluorescence polarization properties of QDs in SSD. Finally, the SSD is detected based on the studied polarization properties. The results show that the proposed method effectively improves the detection rate of SSD by 10.8% and thus provides guidance for evaluating the quality of optical material and optimizing optical material processing technologies. The research paradigm is equally applicable to biomedicine, energy, optoelectronics, and the environment, where QDs have a wide range of applications. Full article
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8 pages, 1324 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Single-Layer Parity Generator and Checker Design Using XOR Gate in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA)
by Rohit Kumar Shaw and Angshuman Khan
Eng. Proc. 2025, 87(1), 94; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025087094 - 15 Jul 2025
Viewed by 146
Abstract
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) offer a high-performance, low-power alternative to traditional VLSI technology for nanocomputing. However, the existing metal-dot QCA-based parity generators and checker circuits suffer from increased energy dissipation, larger area consumption, and complex multilayered layouts, limiting their practical feasibility. This work [...] Read more.
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) offer a high-performance, low-power alternative to traditional VLSI technology for nanocomputing. However, the existing metal-dot QCA-based parity generators and checker circuits suffer from increased energy dissipation, larger area consumption, and complex multilayered layouts, limiting their practical feasibility. This work designs a 3-bit parity generator and 4-bit checker to address these challenges using an optimized modified majority voter-based Ex-OR gate in QCA. A single-layered layout was simulated in QCADesigner 2.0.3, avoiding crossovers to reduce fabrication complexity. Energy analysis using QCADesigner-E reveals 34.4 meV energy consumption, achieving 31% energy efficiency and 75% area efficiency in the context of QCA costs compared to recent designs. The proposed circuit highlights the unique potential of QCA as a scalable, energy-efficient solution for high-density next-generation computing systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 5th International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences)
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46 pages, 3177 KiB  
Review
Recent Advancements in Lateral Flow Assays for Food Mycotoxin Detection: A Review of Nanoparticle-Based Methods and Innovations
by Gayathree Thenuwara, Perveen Akhtar, Bilal Javed, Baljit Singh, Hugh J. Byrne and Furong Tian
Toxins 2025, 17(7), 348; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17070348 - 11 Jul 2025
Viewed by 553
Abstract
Mycotoxins are responsible for a multitude of diseases in both humans and animals, resulting in significant medical and economic burdens worldwide. Conventional detection methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), are highly effective, [...] Read more.
Mycotoxins are responsible for a multitude of diseases in both humans and animals, resulting in significant medical and economic burdens worldwide. Conventional detection methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), are highly effective, but they are generally confined to laboratory settings. Consequently, there is a growing demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) solutions that are rapid, sensitive, portable, and cost-effective. Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are a pivotal technology in POCT due to their simplicity, rapidity, and ease of use. This review synthesizes data from 78 peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2024, evaluating advances in nanoparticle-based LFAs for detection of singular or multiplex mycotoxin types. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) remain the most widely used, due to their favorable optical and surface chemistry; however, significant progress has also been made with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), magnetic nanoparticles, quantum dots (QDs), nanozymes, and hybrid nanostructures. The integration of multifunctional nanomaterials has enhanced assay sensitivity, specificity, and operational usability, with innovations including smartphone-based readers, signal amplification strategies, and supplementary technologies such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). While most singular LFAs achieved moderate sensitivity (0.001–1 ng/mL), only 6% reached ultra-sensitive detection (<0.001 ng/mL), and no significant improvement was evident over time (ρ = −0.162, p = 0.261). In contrast, multiplex assays demonstrated clear performance gains post-2022 (ρ = −0.357, p = 0.0008), largely driven by system-level optimization and advanced nanomaterials. Importantly, the type of sample matrix (e.g., cereals, dairy, feed) did not significantly influence the analytical sensitivity of singular or multiplex lateral LFAs (Kruskal–Wallis p > 0.05), confirming the matrix-independence of these optimized platforms. While analytical challenges remain for complex targets like fumonisins and deoxynivalenol (DON), ongoing innovations in signal amplification, biorecognition chemistry, and assay standardization are driving LFAs toward becoming reliable, ultra-sensitive, and field-deployable platforms for high-throughput mycotoxin screening in global food safety surveillance. Full article
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27 pages, 1992 KiB  
Review
Revolutionizing Diabetes Management Through Nanotechnology-Driven Smart Systems
by Aayush Kaushal, Aanchal Musafir, Gourav Sharma, Shital Rani, Rajat Kumar Singh, Akhilesh Kumar, Sanjay Kumar Bhadada, Ravi Pratap Barnwal and Gurpal Singh
Pharmaceutics 2025, 17(6), 777; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17060777 - 13 Jun 2025
Viewed by 1102
Abstract
Diabetes is a global health challenge, and while current treatments offer relief, they often fall short in achieving optimal control and long-term outcomes. Nanotechnology offers a groundbreaking approach to diabetes management by leveraging materials at the nanoscale to improve drug delivery, glucose monitoring, [...] Read more.
Diabetes is a global health challenge, and while current treatments offer relief, they often fall short in achieving optimal control and long-term outcomes. Nanotechnology offers a groundbreaking approach to diabetes management by leveraging materials at the nanoscale to improve drug delivery, glucose monitoring, and therapeutic precision. Early advancements focused on enhancing insulin delivery through smart nanosystems such as tiny capsules that gradually release insulin, helping prevent dangerous drops in blood sugar. Simultaneously, the development of nanosensors has revolutionised glucose monitoring, offering real-time, continuous data that empowers individuals to manage their condition more effectively. Beyond insulin delivery and monitoring, nanotechnology enables targeted drug delivery systems that allow therapeutic agents to reach specific tissues, boosting efficacy while minimising side effects. Tools like microneedles, carbon nanomaterials, and quantum dots have made treatment less invasive and more patient-friendly. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with nanotechnology marks a new frontier in personalised care. AI algorithms can analyse individual patient data to adjust insulin doses and predict glucose fluctuations, paving the way for more responsive, customised treatment plans. As these technologies advance, safety remains a key concern. Rigorous research is underway to ensure the biocompatibility and long-term safety of these novel materials. The future of diabetes care lies in the convergence of nanotechnology and AI, offering personalised, data-driven strategies that address the limitations of conventional approaches. This review explores current progress, persistent challenges, and the transformative potential of nanotechnology in reshaping diabetes diagnosis and treatment and improving patient quality of life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Delivery System for Biomacromolecule Drugs: Design and Application)
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25 pages, 1985 KiB  
Review
Synthesis, Application and Prospects of Carbon Dots as A Medicine Food Homology
by Siqi Huang, Huili Ren, Hongyue Chen, Nuan Wen, Libo Du, Chaoyu Song and Yuguang Lv
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(12), 906; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15120906 - 11 Jun 2025
Viewed by 510
Abstract
Against the background of the vigorous development of materials science and the deep cross-infiltration in many fields, a new medicine food homology, carbon dots (herein combined and abbreviated as MFH-CDs), has sprung up, showing great potential. This review used ChatGPT 4.0 to collect [...] Read more.
Against the background of the vigorous development of materials science and the deep cross-infiltration in many fields, a new medicine food homology, carbon dots (herein combined and abbreviated as MFH-CDs), has sprung up, showing great potential. This review used ChatGPT 4.0 to collect background information related to carbon dots, focusing on the common rich medicinal and food resources such as Lycium barbarum, Chinese yam, honeysuckle, and Ganoderma lucidum. These carbon dots are synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis, microwave radiation, and pyrolysis, which have the advantages of small particle size, high quantum yield, and low cytotoxicity. Recent studies have found that MFH-CDs have great application potential in biosensors, biological imaging, and drug delivery. In this paper, the characteristics of preparing carbon dots from different medicinal and edible resources and their applications in biology in recent years are reviewed, which provides in-depth guidance for the research and application of carbon dots from medicinal and edible biomass, helps it shine in multidisciplinary fields, and opens a brand-new journey from traditional medicinal and edible culture to cutting-edge technology application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nanocomposite Materials)
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39 pages, 4510 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Functionalized Carbon Quantum Dots Integrated with Metal–Organic Frameworks: Emerging Platforms for Sensing and Food Safety Applications
by Arul Murugesan, Huanhuan Li and Muhammad Shoaib
Foods 2025, 14(12), 2060; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14122060 - 11 Jun 2025
Viewed by 1333
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), with their excellent photoluminescence, tunable surface chemistry, and low toxicity, have emerged as versatile nanomaterials in sensing technologies. Meanwhile, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) possess exceptionally porous architectures and extensive surface areas, and tunable functionalities ideal for molecular recognition and analyte [...] Read more.
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), with their excellent photoluminescence, tunable surface chemistry, and low toxicity, have emerged as versatile nanomaterials in sensing technologies. Meanwhile, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) possess exceptionally porous architectures and extensive surface areas, and tunable functionalities ideal for molecular recognition and analyte enrichment. The synergistic integration of CQDs and MOFs has significantly expanded the potential of hybrid materials with enhanced selectivity, sensitivity, and multifunctionality. While several reviews have addressed QD/MOF systems broadly, this review offers a focused and updated perspective on CQDs@MOFs composites specifically tailored for food safety and environmental sensing applications. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in the design, synthesis, and surface functionalization of these hybrids, emphasizing the mechanisms of interaction, photophysical behavior, and performance advantages over conventional sensors. Special attention is given to their use in detecting food contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, antibiotics, mycotoxins, pathogens, and aromatic compounds. Key strategies to enhance stability, selectivity, and detection limits are highlighted, and current challenges and future directions for practical deployment are critically discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Food Quality and Safety)
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30 pages, 5617 KiB  
Review
Perovskite Quantum Dot-Based Memory Technologies: Insights from Emerging Trends
by Fateh Ullah, Zina Fredj and Mohamad Sawan
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(11), 873; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15110873 - 5 Jun 2025
Viewed by 730
Abstract
Perovskite quantum dots (PVK QDs) are gaining significant attention as potential materials for next-generation memory devices leveraged by their ion dynamics, quantum confinement, optoelectronic synergy, bandgap tunability, and solution-processable fabrication. In this review paper, we explore the fundamental characteristics of organic/inorganic halide PVK [...] Read more.
Perovskite quantum dots (PVK QDs) are gaining significant attention as potential materials for next-generation memory devices leveraged by their ion dynamics, quantum confinement, optoelectronic synergy, bandgap tunability, and solution-processable fabrication. In this review paper, we explore the fundamental characteristics of organic/inorganic halide PVK QDs and their role in resistive switching memory architectures. We provide an overview of halide PVK QDs synthesis techniques, switching mechanisms, and recent advancements in memristive applications. Special emphasis is placed on the ionic migration and charge trapping phenomena governing resistive switching, along with the prospects of photonic memory devices that leverage the intrinsic photosensitivity of PVK QDs. Despite their advantages, challenges such as stability, scalability, and environmental concerns remain critical hurdles. We conclude this review with insights into potential strategies for enhancing the reliability and commercial viability of PVK QD-based memory technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Interaction of Electron Phenomena on the Mesoscopic Scale)
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10 pages, 2040 KiB  
Article
Optical Full Adder Based on Integrated Diffractive Neural Network
by Chenchen Deng, Yilong Wang, Guangpu Li, Jiyuan Zheng, Yu Liu, Chao Wang, Yuyan Wang, Yuchen Guo, Jingtao Fan, Qingyang Du and Shaoliang Yu
Micromachines 2025, 16(6), 681; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16060681 - 4 Jun 2025
Viewed by 581
Abstract
Light has been intensively investigated as a computing medium due to its high-speed propagation and large operation bandwidth. Since the invention of the first laser in 1960, the development of optical computing technologies has presented both challenges and opportunities. Recent advances in artificial [...] Read more.
Light has been intensively investigated as a computing medium due to its high-speed propagation and large operation bandwidth. Since the invention of the first laser in 1960, the development of optical computing technologies has presented both challenges and opportunities. Recent advances in artificial intelligence over the past decade have opened up new horizons for optical computing applications. This study presents an end-to-end truth table direct mapping approach using on-chip deep diffractive neural network (D2NN) technology to achieve highly parallel optical logic operations. To enable precise logical operations, we propose an on-chip nonlinear solution leveraging the similarity between the hyperbolic tangent (tanh) function and reverse saturable absorption characteristics of quantum dots. We design and demonstrate a 4-bit on-chip D2NN full adder circuit. The simulation results show that the proposed architecture achieves 100% accuracy for 4-bit full adders across the entire dataset. Full article
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49 pages, 3785 KiB  
Review
Carbon-Nanotube-Based Nanocomposites in Environmental Remediation: An Overview of Typologies and Applications and an Analysis of Their Paradoxical Double-Sided Effects
by Silvana Alfei and Guendalina Zuccari
J. Xenobiot. 2025, 15(3), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/jox15030076 - 21 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1325
Abstract
Incessant urbanization and industrialization have resulted in several pollutants being increasingly produced and continuously discharged into the environment, altering its equilibrium, with a high risk for living organisms’ health. To restore it, new advanced materials for remediating gas streams, polluted soil, water, wastewater, [...] Read more.
Incessant urbanization and industrialization have resulted in several pollutants being increasingly produced and continuously discharged into the environment, altering its equilibrium, with a high risk for living organisms’ health. To restore it, new advanced materials for remediating gas streams, polluted soil, water, wastewater, groundwater and industrial waste are continually explored. Carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs), including quantum dots, nanotubes, fullerenes and graphene, have displayed outstanding effectiveness in the decontamination of the environment by several processes. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), due to their nonpareil characteristics and architecture, when included in absorbents, filter membranes, gas sensors, etc., have significantly improved the efficiency of these technologies in detecting and/or removing inorganic, organic and gaseous xenobiotics and pathogens from air, soil and aqueous matrices. Moreover, CNT-based membranes have displayed significant potential for efficient, fast and low-energy water desalination. However, despite CNTs serving as very potent instruments for environmental detoxification, their extensive utilization could, paradoxically, be highly noxious to the environment and, therefore, humans, due to their toxicity. The functionalization of CNTs (F-CNTs), in addition to further enhancing their absorption capacity and selectivity, has increased their hydrophilicity, thus minimizing their toxicity and carcinogenic effects. In this scenario, this review aims to provide evidence of both the enormous potential of CNTs in sustainable environmental remediation and the concerning hazards to the environment and living organisms that could derive from their extensive and uncontrolled utilization. To this end, an introduction to CNTs, including their eco-friendly production from biomass, is first reported. Several literature reports on CNTs’ possible utilization for environmental remediation, their potential toxicity due to environmental accumulation and the challenges of their regeneration are provided using several reader-friendly tools, to better capture readers’ attention and make reading easier. Full article
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32 pages, 1497 KiB  
Review
Redefining Quantum Dot Synthesis with Additive-Manufactured Microfluidics—A Review
by Faisal bin Nasser Sarbaland, Masashi Kobayashi, Daiki Tanaka, Risa Fujita and Masahiro Furuya
J 2025, 8(2), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/j8020018 - 18 May 2025
Viewed by 2349
Abstract
Quantum dots with sizes between 1 and 100 nm possess unique optical and electronic properties, making them valuable in energy, bioimaging, and optoelectronics fields. While traditional synthesis methods offer control over QD properties, they face challenges in scalability and reproducibility. Integrating microfluidics addresses [...] Read more.
Quantum dots with sizes between 1 and 100 nm possess unique optical and electronic properties, making them valuable in energy, bioimaging, and optoelectronics fields. While traditional synthesis methods offer control over QD properties, they face challenges in scalability and reproducibility. Integrating microfluidics addresses these issues, providing precise control and high-throughput capabilities. This review highlights the transition from PDMS-based devices to additive-manufactured microfluidics, emphasizing their ability to overcome limitations in traditional methods. These advancements smooth the way for scalable, cost-effective, and sustainable QD production with enhanced application potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Chemistry & Material Sciences)
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19 pages, 2663 KiB  
Review
From Detection to Treatment: Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors Transforming Prosthetic Dentistry and Oral Health Care: A Scoping Review
by Noha Taymour, Mohamed G. Hassan, Maram A. AlGhamdi and Wessam S. Omara
Prosthesis 2025, 7(3), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis7030051 - 14 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1564
Abstract
Background: Nanomaterial-based biosensors represent a transformative advancement in oral health diagnostics and therapeutics, offering superior sensitivity and selectivity for early disease detection compared to conventional methods. Their applications span prosthetic dentistry, where they enable the precise monitoring of dental implants, and theranostics for [...] Read more.
Background: Nanomaterial-based biosensors represent a transformative advancement in oral health diagnostics and therapeutics, offering superior sensitivity and selectivity for early disease detection compared to conventional methods. Their applications span prosthetic dentistry, where they enable the precise monitoring of dental implants, and theranostics for conditions such as dental caries, oral cancers, and periodontal diseases. These innovations promise to enhance proactive oral healthcare by integrating detection, treatment, and preventive strategies. Objectives: This review comprehensively examines the role of nanomaterial-based biosensors in dental theranostics, with a focus on prosthetic applications. It emphasizes their utility in dental implant surveillance, the early identification of prosthesis-related complications, and their broader implications for personalized treatment paradigms. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2010 and early 2025. Keywords included combinations of “nanomaterials”, “biosensors”, “dentistry”, “oral health”, “diagnostics”, “therapeutics”, and “theranostics”. Articles were selected based on their relevance to nanomaterial applications in dental biosensors and their clinical translation. Results: The review identified diverse classes of nanomaterials—such as metallic nanoparticles, carbon-based structures, and quantum dots—whose unique physicochemical properties enhance biosensor performance. Key advancements include the ultra-sensitive detection of biomarkers in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid, the real-time monitoring of peri-implant inflammatory markers, and cost-effective diagnostic platforms. These systems demonstrate exceptional precision in detecting early-stage pathologies while improving operational efficiency in clinical settings. Conclusions: Nanomaterial-based biosensors hold significant promise for revolutionizing dental care through real-time implant monitoring and early complication detection. Despite challenges related to biocompatibility, scalable manufacturing, and rigorous clinical validation, these technologies may redefine oral healthcare by extending prosthetic device longevity, enabling personalized interventions, and reducing long-term treatment costs. Future research must address translational barriers to fully harness their potential in improving diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Prosthodontics)
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20 pages, 4974 KiB  
Review
Recent Developments in Enzyme-Free PANI-Based Electrochemical Nanosensors for Pollutant Detection in Aqueous Environments
by Sarah Cohen, Itamar Chajanovsky and Ran Yosef Suckeveriene
Polymers 2025, 17(10), 1320; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17101320 - 12 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 684
Abstract
Wastewater management has a direct impact on the supply of drinking water. New cutting-edge technologies are crucial to the ever-growing demand for tailored solutions for pollutant removal, but these pollutants first need to be detected. Traditional techniques are costly and are no longer [...] Read more.
Wastewater management has a direct impact on the supply of drinking water. New cutting-edge technologies are crucial to the ever-growing demand for tailored solutions for pollutant removal, but these pollutants first need to be detected. Traditional techniques are costly and are no longer competitive in the wastewater cleaning market. One sustainable and economically viable alternative is the fabrication of integrated nanosensors composed of conducting polymers. These include polyaniline doped with various types of nanomaterials such as nanocarbons (carbon nanotubes and graphene), metal oxide nanoparticles/nanostructures, and quantum dots. The synergistic properties of these components can endow sensing materials with enhanced surface reactivity, greater electrocatalytic activity, as well as tunable redox activity and electrical conductivity. This review covers key recent advances in the field of non-enzyme electrochemical conductive polymer nanosensors for pollutant detection in aqueous environments or simulated polluted samples. It provides an introduction to these sensors, their preparation, applications, the environmental and economic hurdles impeding the large-scale development of PANI-based nanomaterials in sensing applications, and future directions for research and real-world applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Polymeric Materials for Water Treatment)
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11 pages, 586 KiB  
Article
Theoretical Proof of and Proposed Experimental Search for the Ground Triplet State of a Wigner-Regime Two-Electron ‘Artificial Atom’ in a Magnetic Field
by Marlina Slamet and Viraht Sahni
Axioms 2025, 14(5), 349; https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14050349 - 3 May 2025
Viewed by 407
Abstract
It is experimentally established that there is no ground triplet state of the natural He atom. There is also no exact analytical solution to the Schrödinger equation corresponding to this state. For a two-dimensional two-electron ‘artificial atom’ or a semiconductor quantum dot [...] Read more.
It is experimentally established that there is no ground triplet state of the natural He atom. There is also no exact analytical solution to the Schrödinger equation corresponding to this state. For a two-dimensional two-electron ‘artificial atom’ or a semiconductor quantum dot in a magnetic field, as described by the Schrödinger–Pauli equation, we provide theoretical proof of the existence of a ground triplet state by deriving an exact analytical correlated wave function solution to the equation. The state exists in the Wigner high-electron-correlation regime. We further explain that the solution satisfies all requisite symmetry and electron coalescence constraints of a triplet state. Since, due to technological advances, such a Wigner crystal quantum dot can be created, we propose an experimental search for the theoretically predicted ground triplet-state spectral line. We note that there exists an analytical solution to the Schrödinger–Pauli equation for a ground singlet state in the Wigner regime for the same value of the magnetic field. The significance to quantum mechanics of the probable experimental observation of the ground triplet state for an ‘artificial atom’ is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Quantum Mechanics and Mathematical Physics)
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16 pages, 3126 KiB  
Article
Waveguide Coupled Full-Color Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Modulated by Microcavities
by Yilan Zhang, Wenhao Wang, Fankai Zheng, Jiajun Zhu, Guanding Mei, Yuxuan Ye, Jieyu Tan, Hechun Zhang, Qiang Jing, Bin He, Kai Wang and Dan Wu
Photonics 2025, 12(5), 427; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12050427 - 29 Apr 2025
Viewed by 734
Abstract
Integrated light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with waveguides play an important role in applications such as augmented reality (AR) displays, particularly regarding coupling efficiency optimization. Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs), an emerging high-performance optoelectronic device, demonstrate substantial potential for next-generation display technologies. This study investigates [...] Read more.
Integrated light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with waveguides play an important role in applications such as augmented reality (AR) displays, particularly regarding coupling efficiency optimization. Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs), an emerging high-performance optoelectronic device, demonstrate substantial potential for next-generation display technologies. This study investigates the influence of microcavity modulation on the output of QLEDs coupled with a silicon nitride (SiNx) waveguide by simulating a white light QLED (W-QLED) with a broad spectrum and mixed RGB QDs (RGB-QLED) with a comparatively narrower spectrum. The microcavity converts both W-QLED and RGB-QLED emissions from broadband white-light emissions into narrowband single-wavelength outputs. Specifically, both of them have demonstrated wavelength tuning and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) narrowing across the visible spectrum from 400 nm to 750 nm due to the microcavity modulation. The resulting RGB-QLED achieves a FWHM of 11.24 nm and reaches 110.76% of the National Television System Committee 1953 (NTSC 1953) standard color gamut, which is a 20.95% improvement over W-QLED. Meanwhile, due to the Purcell effect of the microcavity, the output efficiency of the QLED coupled with a SiNx waveguide is also significantly improved by optimizing the thickness of the Ag anode and introducing a tilted reflective mirror into the SiNx waveguide. Moreover, the optimal output efficiency of RGB-QLED with the tilted Ag mirror is 10.13%, representing a tenfold increase compared to the sample without the tilted Ag mirror. This design demonstrates an efficient and compact approach for the near-eye full-color display technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes: Innovations and Applications)
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14 pages, 3165 KiB  
Article
A Molecularly Imprinted Fluorescence Sensor for the Simultaneous and Rapid Detection of Histamine and Tyramine in Cheese
by Xinpei Li, Zhiwei Wu, Hui Cao, Tai Ye, Liling Hao, Jinsong Yu, Min Yuan and Fei Xu
Foods 2025, 14(9), 1475; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14091475 - 23 Apr 2025
Viewed by 621
Abstract
Based on dual-template molecular imprinting polymerization technology, a fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer doped with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots was developed to construct a “Turn-on” fluorescence sensor for the rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of two biogenic amines. The biogenic amines bind to the quantum [...] Read more.
Based on dual-template molecular imprinting polymerization technology, a fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer doped with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots was developed to construct a “Turn-on” fluorescence sensor for the rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of two biogenic amines. The biogenic amines bind to the quantum dots, which eliminates surface defects and enhances the fluorescence emission intensity of the quantum dots. By optimizing both the polymerization and detection processes, the results demonstrate that the sensor can detect biogenic amines within the range of 0.01–10 mmol/L, with a low detection limit of 14.57 μmol/L and a detection time of only ten minutes. Moreover, the sensor is cost-effective and does not require specialized instrument operation, offering a practical approach for the rapid detection of biogenic amines in complex food matrices. This study advances the development of simultaneous recognition and rapid detection technologies for multiple target molecules. Full article
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