Proline utilization A (PutA) is a bifunctional flavoenzyme that catalyzes the two-step oxidation of l-proline to l-glutamate using spatially separated proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and l-glutamate-γ-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (GSALDH) active sites. S...
Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of skin/soft tissue infections and more serious infections in humans. The species usually requires the importation of proline to be able to survive. Previous work has shown that single mutations in genes that en...
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are considered in cancer therapy for their inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is overexpressed in most cancers. However, we found that NSAIDs as ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activ...
Isoleucine-Proline-Proline (IPP) and Leucine-Lysine-Proline (LKP) are food-derived tripeptides whose antihypertensive functions have been demonstrated in hypertensive rat models. However, peptides display low oral bioavailability due to poor intestin...
Proline is a pivotal and multifunctional amino acid that is used not only as a nitrogen source but also as a stress protectant and energy source. Therefore, proline metabolism is known to be important in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Here, we dis...
Background: The well-studied 18-residue-long proline-rich antimicrobial designer peptide Api137 utilizes at least two lethal intracellular mechanisms that target the bacterial 70S ribosome. First, Api137 stalls the ribosome by binding to the peptidyl...
Proline isomerization, the process of interconversion between the cis- and trans-forms of proline, is an important and unique post-translational modification that can affect protein folding and conformations, and ultimately regulate protein functions...
Hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa), a widely distributed grass species considered promising in the ecological restoration of degraded grassland in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, is likely to be subjected to frequent drought and waterlogging stress due t...
The role of proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (PRODH/POX) in the mechanism of antineoplastic activity of metformin (MET) was studied in C32 melanoma cells. PRODH/POX is a mitochondrial enzyme-degrading proline that is implicated in the regulation...
Background: Proline has attracted growing interest because of its diverse influence on tumor metabolism and the discovery of the regulatory mechanisms that appear to be involved. In contrast to general oncology, data on proline metabolism in central...
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage crop, and its productivity is severely affected by salt stress. Although proline is a compatible osmolyte that plays an important role in regulating plant abiotic stress resistance, the basic mechan...
Palladium(II) acetate reacts with proline and proline homologs in acetone/water to yield square planar bis-chelated palladium amino acid complexes. These compounds are all catalytically active with respect to oxidative coupling of olefins and phenylb...
Proline was reported to improve sperm quality in rams, stallions, cynomolgus monkeys, donkeys, and canines during cryopreservation. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of proline on b...
In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of proline metabolism in the control of the identity of Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs). An imbalance in proline metabolism shifts mouse ESCs toward a stable naïve-to-primed intermediate...
Drought stress significantly affects maize (Zea mays L.) growth by disrupting vital physiological and biochemical processes. This study investigates the potential of proline supplementation to alleviate drought-induced stress in maize plants. The res...
Proline metabolism has been identified as a significant player in several neoplasms, but knowledge of its role in gliomas is limited despite it providing a promising line of pursuit. Data on proline metabolism in the brain are somewhat historical. Th...
The protective effects of L-aspartic acid, L-valine, and L-proline on the stability of mulberry anthocyanins were investigated. Results showed that L-aspartic acid, L-valine, and L-proline significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) the stability of mulberr...
The culture of embryos in the non-essential amino acid L-proline (Pro) or its analogues pipecolic acid (PA) and L-4-thiazolidine carboxylic acid (L4T) improves embryo development, increasing the percentage that develop to the blastocyst stage and hat...
The increasing global population and climate change threaten food security, with the need for sustenance expected to rise by 85% by 2050. Rice, a crucial staple food for over 50% of the global population, is a major source of calories in underdevelop...
Background: Proline is a nonessential amino acid and its metabolism is increasingly recognized as a key regulator of mitochondrial function, cellular redox balance, and stress response with important roles in several diseases, particularly cancer. Pr...
A solid-phase procedure is used to synthesize racemic peptidomimetics based on the fundamental peptide unit. The peptidomimetics are constructed around proline or proline homologues variably substituted at the amine and carbonyl sites. The procedure...
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute a large and diverse group of molecules with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoan, and anticancer activity. In animals, they are key components of innate immunity involved in fighting against var...
An efficient way to access highly functionalized proline derivatives was developed based on a Cu(I)-catalyzed reaction between CF3-substituted allenynes and tosylazide, which involved a cascade of [3 + 2]-cycloaddition/ketenimine and a rearrangement/...
The proteinogenic amino acid proline plays crucial roles in both plant development and stress responses, far exceeding its role in protein synthesis. However, the molecular mechanisms and the relative importance of these additional functions of proli...
Expression analysis of crop plants has improved our knowledge about the veiled underlying mechanisms for salt tolerance. In order to observe the time course effects of salinity stress on gene expression for enzymes regulating proline metabolism, we c...
Pullulan is an extracellular polysaccharide produced via the fermentation of Aureobasidium pullulans. However, high sugar concentrations and hyperosmotic stress limit pullulan biosynthesis during the fermentation process. Therefore, we investigated t...
The oxidation of proline to pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) leads to the transfer of electrons to ubiquinone in mitochondria that express proline dehydrogenase (ProDH). This electron transfer supports Complexes CIII and CIV, thus generating the protonm...
Dietary supplements are food products commonly used worldwide to obtain nutritional and physiological effects. They can contain a wide variety of active substances and can be administered for health and disease. Their use can be beneficial if justifi...
Chemotherapy using anticancer agents and radiotherapy of cancers frequently induce the development of stomatitis as a side effect. In the present study, hydrogels for effective stomatitis healing under anticancer drug administration were developed us...
The proline catabolic pathway consisting of proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and L-glutamate-γ-semialdehyde (GSAL) dehydrogenase (GSALDH) catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of L-proline to L-glutamate. Chemical probes to these enzymes are of in...
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma remains a significant worldwide public health challenge, associated with high morbidity and mortality. Treatment of this type of cancer lacks effective medication. Moreover, there are very few specific biomark...
Proline (Pro) is not only an important osmotic adjustment substance, but it also plays an important role in regulating plant abiotic stress resistance. The maize varieties, Xinxin 2 (low temperature insensitive) and Damin 3307 (low temperature sensit...
Proline is the predominant amino acid in grape juice, but it is poorly assimilated by wine yeast under the anaerobic conditions typical of most fermentations. Exploiting the abundance of this naturally occurring nitrogen source to overcome the need f...
With its good biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties, silk fibroin microneedles can transport drugs to the body fluid circulation system and then act on the affected area, so as to replace intravenous injection and oral administration, and...
Although proline is the most or second most abundant amino acid in wort and grape must, it is not fully consumed by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during alcoholic fermentation, unlike other amino acids. Our previous studies showed that arginine,...
The proline-catalysed asymmetric aldol reaction is usually carried out in highly dipolar aprotic solvents (dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile) where proline presents an acceptable solubility. Protic solvents are generally characterize...
Sperm cryopreservation contributes to the extensive utilization of artificial insemination (AI) in the daily livestock industry. However, due to the presence of few sperm with good biological function in post-thaw goat sperm, its use has been limited...
Awamori, the traditional distilled alcoholic beverage of Okinawa, Japan, is brewed with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. During the distillation process after the fermentation, enormous quantities of distillation residues containing yeast cells mu...
Organocatalysts synthesized from L-proline have demonstrated effectiveness in catalyzing various asymmetric reactions. Additionally, the choice of reaction medium plays a crucial role; using environmentally friendly solvents, such as water or brine s...
A field trial study was conducted for two consecutive seasons 2020 and 2021 in approximately 8-month-old jojoba plants to evaluate the physiological responses following salt treatment and the role of proline as a foliar application to enhance jojoba...
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of exogenous proline on the growth, biochemical responses, and plant recovery of drought-stressed oilseed rape plants after renewed irrigation. The experiment was conducted under controlled laboratory...
L-proline is directly loaded on the multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with exceptionally high loading content of 67 wt.%. The obtained L-proline/MWCNTs catalyst is on par with the catalytic activity of free L-proline, even after 7 rounds of recycl...
L-proline (proline) is a key regulator of embryogenesis, placental development, and fetal growth. However, the underlying mechanisms that support the beneficial effects of proline are largely unknown. This study used porcine trophectoderm cell line 2...
Several insect species use the amino acid proline as a major energy substrate. Although initially thought to be limited to blood-feeding dipterans, studies have revealed this capability is more widespread. Recent work with isolated flight muscle show...
In this study, the effect of applied NaCl on the growth and proline concentration of maize varieties, i.e., (Zea mays L.), Syngenta 7720, Syngenta 6668, eco-91, Syngenta 7710 and Advanta Pac 751 vertex 751, was investigated. The experiment was conduc...
The toxicity and related mechanisms of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in the mouse kidney were studied, and the role of l-proline in alleviating kidney damage was investigated. In a 28-day toxicity mouse model, thirty mice were divided i...
The multicomponent reaction (MCR) of aromatic aldehydes 1 and malononitrile (2) with active methylenes 5a–h in the presence of L-proline produced pyrans and thiopyrans 6a–h stereospecifically and in good yields. Moreover a novel MCR of ethyl propiola...
Due to the increasing emergence of drug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, there is a world-wide quest to develop new-generation antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small peptides with a broad spectrum of antibiotic activities against ba...
We previously reported that proline modulates root meristem size in Arabidopsis by controlling the ratio between cell division and cell differentiation. Here, we show that proline metabolism affects the levels of superoxide anion (O2•−) an...
Here we discuss studies of the structure, folding, oligomerization and amyloid fibril formation of several proline mutants of human stefin B, which is a protein inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine cathepsins and a member of the cystatin family. The struc...
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