405 Results Found

Understanding the structural dynamics of temperate forests is essential for their sustainable management. This study assessed the vertical structure of a mixed temperate forest in the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico, under an individual selection cut...

The role of forests is increasing because of rapid land use changes worldwide that have implications on ecosystems and the carbon cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain accurate information about forests and build forest inventories. However, it...

Every vegetation colony has its own vertical structure. Forest vertical structure is considered as an important indicator of a forest’s diversity and vitality. The vertical structure of a forest has typically been investigated by field survey, which...

Recently, due to the acceleration of global warming, an accurate understanding and management of forest carbon stocks, such as forest aboveground biomass, has become very important. The vertical structure of the forest, which is the internal structur...

As global warming accelerates in recent years, the frequency of droughts has increased and water management at the national level has become very important. In particular, accurate understanding and management of the forest is essential as the water...

Monitoring multi-temporal forest vertical structure in anthropogenically disturbed and topographically complex landscapes remains a major challenge, particularly when low-cost remote sensing technologies are used. This study aims to quantify forest v...

With the acceleration of global warming, research on forests has become important. Vertical forest structure is an indicator of forest vitality and diversity. Therefore, further studies are essential. The investigation of forest structures has tradit...

Research on the forest structure classification is essential, as it plays an important role in assessing the vitality and diversity of vegetation. However, classifying forest structure involves in situ surveying, which requires considerable time and...

Light is a critical environmental factor that shapes forest communities. The canopy trees intercept the light, thus understory plants become shaded. Shade leads to the attenuation of light intensity and a shift in the spectrum through the forest vert...

The vertical structure of forest ecosystems influences and reflects ecosystem functioning. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) enables the rapid acquisition of 3D forest information and subsequent reconstruction of the vertical structure, which provides...

Existing Mediterranean reinforced concrete buildings with masonry infills exhibit critical seismic vulnerabilities, yet real-time damage detection capabilities remain limited. This study validates a novel dense piezoelectric transducer (PZT) network...

Amongst all the methodologies readily available to estimate forest canopy and aboveground carbon (AGC), in-situ plot surveys and airborne laser scanning systems appear to be powerful assets. However, they are limited to relatively local scales. In th...

Remote sensing approaches can be cost-effective for estimating forest structural attributes. This study aims to use airborne LiDAR data to assess the robustness of multispectral satellite imagery and topographic attributes derived from DEMs to predic...

Forest walking is a popular, healthy, and light outdoor activity. The potential comprehensive relationships between the vertical structures, thermal comfort, negative air ions (NAI), and human physiological stress in forest walking spaces have not be...

This current review examines modeling approaches for renovating reinforced concrete (RC) buildings for vertical forest (VF) application, taking into account structural retrofitting, energy systems, forestry integration, and occupant comfort. The stud...

Vertical stratification in trees may respond to selective pressures to enhance light interception and utilization; therefore, the vertical functional variation in leaf traits may indicate niche partitioning within forests. In this study, vertical var...

Understanding the mechanisms that assemble diverse forest communities is a central goal in ecology. Phylogenetic analyses based on DNA barcodes have advanced this field, but their use of sequences evolving at constant rates may not capture adaptation...

This paper presents a machine learning based method to predict the forest structure parameters from L-band polarimetric and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (PolInSAR) data acquired by the airborne UAVSAR system over the Réserve Fauniq...

Forest height and vertical structure profile functions can be estimated using polarimetric interferometric synthetic aperture radar (PolInSAR) data based on the random volume over ground (RVoG) model and polarization coherence tomography (PCT) theory...

Synthetic Aperture Radar Tomography (TomoSAR) allows the reconstruction of the 3D reflectivity of natural volume scatterers such as forests, thus providing an opportunity to infer structure information in 3D. In this paper, the potential of TomoSAR d...

The structural heterogeneity of vegetation is a key factor for explaining animal diversity patterns at a local scale. Improvements in airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) technologies have enabled researchers to study forest 3D structure with...

Accurate and timely estimation of forest structural parameters plays a key role in the management of forest resources, as well as studies on the carbon cycle and biodiversity. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is a promising active remote sensing t...

Scanning forests with LiDAR is an efficient method for conducting forest resource surveys, including estimating tree diameter at breast height (DBH), canopy height, and segmenting individual trees. This study uses three-dimensional (3D) forest test d...

The Gaussian vertical backscatter (GVB) model has a pivotal role in describing the forest vertical structure more accurately, which is reflected by P-band polarimetric interferometric synthetic aperture radar (Pol-InSAR) with strong penetrability. Th...

Spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), defoliation has been shown to affect the occurrence of crown fire in Ontario, highlighting the need to better understand the driving factors of this effect on forest structure, including changes in fu...

Knowing the aboveground biomass (AGB) stock of tropical forests is one of the main requirements to guide programs for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). Traditional 3D products generated with digital aerial photogra...

Synthetic aperture radar tomography (TomoSAR) has been proven to be a useful way to reconstruct vertical structure over forest areas with P-band images, on account of its three-dimensional imaging ability. In the case of a small number of non-uniform...

A procedure for both vertical canopy structure analysis and 3D single tree modelling based on Lidar point cloud is presented in this paper. The whole area of research is segmented into small study cells by a raster net. For each cell, a normalized po...

Monitoring forest structural properties is critical for a range of applications because structure is key to understanding and quantifying forest biophysical functioning, including stand dynamics, evapotranspiration, habitat, and recovery from disturb...

We evaluated the ecological significance of the boundary form between two patches with contrasting vegetation (mine grassland and adjacent forest) on woody colonization and forest expansion in open-cast coal mines in Northern Spain. Woody colonizatio...

Similar to light detection and ranging (lidar), profile radar can detect forest vertical structure directly. Recently, the first Ku-band profile radar system designed for forest applications, called Tomoradar, has been developed and evaluated in bore...

This study examines Phase B of the GREENERGY project focusing on the seismic performance and structural health monitoring of a renovated single-story RC frame with brick masonry infills that received significant strategic structural interventions. Th...

Roughness is an important input parameter for modeling of natural hazards such as floods, rock falls and avalanches, where it is basically assumed that flow velocities decrease with increasing roughness. Seeing roughness as a multi-scale level concep...

Vertical structure is an important parameter not only for assessment of the naturalness of a forest and several functional parameters, such as biodiversity or protection from avalanches or rockfall, but also for estimating biomass/carbon content. Thi...

The conservation of species diversity and improvement of forest structure are essential roles of the Natural Reserve Policy and the Natural Forest Protection Program (NFPP) in China. However, the long-term effects of NFPP are still not well-defined,...

This paper compares two pairwise comparison methods, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and a utility theory based method (UTB method), for sustainability assessment in forest management at the local level. Six alternatives were ranked, correspondi...

Knowledge of forest structure is vital for sustainable forest management decisions. Terrestrial laser scanning cannot describe the canopy trees in a large area, and it is unclear whether unmanned aerial vehicle-light detection and ranging (UAV-LiDAR)...

Vegetation height estimation plays a pivotal role in forest mapping, which significantly promotes the study of environment and climate. This paper develops a general forest structure model for vegetation height estimation using polarimetric interfero...

This study describes the novel use of a macroecological plant and forest structure model in conjunction with a Radiative Transfer (RT) model to better understand interactions between microwaves and forest canopies. Trends predicted by the RT model, r...

On the basis of the Gaussian vertical backscatter (GVB) model, this paper proposes a new method for extracting pine forest height and forest underlying digital elevation model (FUDEM) from multi-baseline (MB) P-band polarimetric-interferometric radar...

We fabricated a 3D sandwich hybrid material composed of graphene and vertically aligned carbon nanotube forests (VACNTs) using chemical vapor deposition. The graphene was first synthesized on Cu foil. Then it was transferred to a substrate which had...

Forest structure is an important variable in ecology, fire behaviour, and carbon management. New spaceborne lidar sensors, such as the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI), enable forest structure to be mapped at a global scale. Virtual GED...

Modeling forest structure using multi-source satellite data is beneficial to understanding the relationship between vertical and horizontal structure and image features to provide more comprehensive and abundant information for the study of forest st...

Canopy structure, the vertical distribution of canopy material, is an important element of forest ecosystem dynamics and habitat preference. Although vertical stratification, or “canopy layering,” is a basic characterization of canopy structure for r...

Hurricanes are major drivers of forest structure in the Caribbean. In 2017, Hurricane Maria caused substantial damage to Puerto Rico’s forests. We studied forest structure variation across 75 sites at Las Casas de la Selva, a sustainable forest...

The Amazon rainforest hosts a diverse array of forest types, including those where Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) occurs, which plays a crucial ecological and economic role. The Brazil nut is the second most important non-timber forest product in...

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite data provide a valuable means for the large-scale and long-term monitoring of structural components of forest stands. The potential of TanDEM-X interferometric SAR (InSAR) for the assessment of forest structur...

A forest’s structure changes as it progresses through developmental stages from establishment to old-growth forest. Therefore, the vertical structure of old-growth forests will differ from that of younger, managed forests. Free, publicly available sp...

This paper considers extinction coefficient changes with height caused by the inhomogeneous distribution of scatterers in heterogeneous forests and uses the InSAR phase center height histogram and Gaussian function to fit the normalized extinction co...

Tropical forests are currently experiencing large-scale structural changes, including an increase in liana abundance and biomass. Higher liana abundance results in reduced tree growth and increased tree mortality, possibly playing an important role i...