41 Results Found

Gotland sheep, a breed native to Gotland, Sweden (an island in the Baltic Sea), split from the Gute sheep breed approximately 100 years ago, and since, has probably been crossed with other breeds. This breed has recently gained popularity, due to its...

Introduction: Diverse algorithms for signal detection exist. However, inconsistent results are often encountered among the algorithms due to different levels of specificity used in defining the adverse events (AEs) and signal threshold. We aimed to e...

The present paper describes a novel recognition method of pulmonary nodules (i.e., cancer candidates) in thoracic computed tomography scans by use of three-dimensional spherical and cylindrical models that represent nodules and blood vessels, respect...

As the radar resolution improves, the extended structure of the targets in radar echoes can make a significant contribution to improving tracking performance, hence specific trackers need to be designed for these targets. However, traditional radar t...

This study was conducted in Lake Savalen in southeastern Norway, focusing on genetic diversity and the structure of hatchery-reared brown trout (Salmo trutta) as compared with wild fish in the lake and in two tributaries. The genetic analysis, based...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a common imaging technique used extensively to study human brain activities. Recently, it has been used for scanning the fetal brain. Amongst 1000 pregnant women, 3 of them have fetuses with brain abnormality. Henc...

The spleen is one of the most frequently injured organs in blunt abdominal trauma. Computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality of choice to assess patients with blunt spleen trauma, which may include lacerations, subcapsular or parenchymal hemat...

Macular edema (ME) is a retinal condition in which central vision of a patient is affected. ME leads to accumulation of fluid in the surrounding macular region resulting in a swollen macula. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the fundus photograp...

Wind turbine blades (WTBs) are critical sub-systems consisting of composite multi-layer material structures. WTB inspection is a complex and labour intensive process, and failure of it can lead to substantial energy and economic losses to asset owner...

This study evaluates the reproducibility of machine learning models that integrate radiomics and deep features (features extracted from a 3D autoencoder neural network) to classify various brain hemorrhages effectively. Using a dataset of 720 patient...

Cancer is a dangerous and sometimes life-threatening disease that can have several negative consequences for the body, is a leading cause of mortality, and is becoming increasingly difficult to detect. Each form of cancer has its own set of traits, s...

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit samples belonging to the ‘Mejhoul’ and ‘Boufeggous’ cultivars were harvested at the Tamar stage and used in our experiments. Before scanning, date samples were dried using convective dr...

Dermatoscopy, high-frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) and spectrophotometry are promising quantitative imaging techniques for the investigation and diagnostics of cutaneous melanocytic tumors. In this paper, we propose the hybrid technique and automati...

The application of biochar amendments to soil has been proposed as a strategy for mitigating global carbon (C) emissions and soil organic carbon (SOC) loss. Biochar can provide additional agronomic benefits to cropping systems, including improved cro...

Tuberculosis is curable, still the world’s second inflectional murderous disease, and ranked 13th (in 2020) by the World Health Organization on the list of leading death causes. One of the reasons for its fatality is the unavailability of moder...

Power lines classification is important for electric power management and geographical objects extraction using LiDAR (light detection and ranging) point cloud data. Many supervised classification approaches have been introduced for the extraction of...

In this paper, we approach the problem of detecting and diagnosing COVID-19 infections using multisource scan images including CT and X-ray scans to assist the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) sys...

Machine learning approaches are employed to analyze differences in real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction scans to differentiate between COVID-19 and pneumonia. However, these methods suffer from large training data requirements, u...

Cyber deception technology plays an important role in monitoring attackers’ activities and detecting new attack types. However, in a deceptive environment, low-risk attack traffic, such as scanning, is included in large quantities and acts as n...

Craniotomy is a fundamental component of neurosurgery that involves the removal of the skull bone flap. Simulation-based training of craniotomy is an efficient method to develop competent skills outside the operating room. Traditionally, an expert su...

In this paper, the uplink information-coupled polar-coded sparse code multiple access (PC-SCMA) system is proposed. For this system, we first design the encoding method of systematic joint parity check and CRC-aided (PCCA) polar code. Using the syste...

Domestication of teleost fish is a recent development, and in most cases started less than 50 years ago. Shedding light on the genomic changes in key economic traits during the domestication process can provide crucial insights into the evolutionary...

Introduction: To facilitate rapid and effective diagnosis of COVID-19, effective screening can alleviate the challenges facing healthcare systems. We aimed to develop a machine learning-based prediction of COVID-19 diagnosis and design a graphical us...

Comparative investigations on homogenous cranial series have demonstrated that metopism is linked to a specific configuration of the cranial vault; however, there are no comparative data concerning the endocranial morphology in this condition. This s...

The random finite set (RFS) approach for multi-target tracking is widely researched because it has a rigorous theoretical basis. However, many prior parameters such as the clutter density, survival probability and detection probability of the target,...

Background/Objectives: In recent years, numerous studies have been published on determining the WHO grade of central nervous system (CNS) tumors using machine learning algorithms. These studies are usually based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) an...

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that mind wandering during incubation phases enhances post-incubation creative performance. Recent empirical evidence, however, has highlighted a specific form of mind wandering closely related to creati...

Red jujube is a nutritious food, known as the “king of all fruits”. The quality of Chinese red jujube is closely associated with its place of origin. To classify Chinese red jujube more correctly, based on the combination of adaptive boos...

Duplex stainless steels present excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. However, when heat treated at temperatures above 600 ${}^{\circ }$ C, the undesirable tertiary sigma phase is formed. This phase presents high hardness, around 900...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major public concern and socioeconomic problem across the globe. The popular high-end cardiac health monitoring systems such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomography scan (CT scan), and echocardio...

Early grading of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as well as ventilator support machines, are prime ways to help the world fight this virus and reduce the mortality rate. To reduce the burden on physicians, we developed an automatic Computer-Aide...

The accurate segmentation of pancreatic subregions (head, body, and tail) in CT images provides an opportunity to examine the local morphological and textural changes in the pancreas. Quantifying such changes aids in understanding the spatial heterog...

This study aims to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution and evolution of digestive tract cancer (DTC) in Lujiang County, China by using the geographic information system technology. Results of this study are expected to provide a scientific basis...

In this paper, a layered architecture incorporating Blockchain technology (BCT) and Machine Learning (ML) is proposed in the context of the Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) for smart manufacturing applications. The proposed architecture is compos...

Background/Objectives: Vertebral degenerative features are promising but often subjectively scored indicators for adult age estimation. We evaluated an objective surface roughness metric, the “average distance to the fitted ellipse” score...

The oil palm industry is vital for the Malaysian economy. However, it is threatened by the Ganoderma boninense fungus, which causes basal stem rot (BSR) disease. Foliar symptoms of the disease include the appearance of several unopened spears, flat c...

Background: Gulf War Illness (GWI) and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) are two debilitating disorders that share similar symptoms of chronic pain, fatigue, and exertional exhaustion after exercise. Many physicians continue to believe that both are psy...

Human microbiome data from genomic sequencing technologies is fast accumulating, giving us insights into bacterial taxa that contribute to health and disease. The predictive modeling of such microbiota count data for the classification of human infec...

Background/Objectives: Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is widely performed as an adjuvant management of patients with residual or recurrent pituitary adenoma (PA). However, the variability in the tumor volume response to GKRS emphasizes the need for...

Distinguishing between natural and anthropic oil slicks is a challenging task, especially in the Gulf of Mexico, where these events can be simultaneously observed and recognized as seeps or spills. In this study, a powerful data analysis provided by...

Railways have been used as one of the most crucial means of transportation in public mobility and economic development. For safe railway operation, the electrification system in the railway infrastructure, which supplies electric power to trains, is...