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Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations

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A special issue of Vibration (ISSN 2571-631X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2023) | Viewed by 33939

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Dr. Kai Zhou

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
Interests: structural health monitoring; machinery fault diagnosis and prognosis; multi-physics and multi-scale finite element modeling; uncertainty quantifiation of manufacturing processes and dynamic systems; reliability analysis and robust design optimization; smart structures and sensing

Dr. Hongling Ye

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Interests: structural dynamics optimization; topology optimization; intelligent structure design; nonlinear dynamics

Dr. Qi Shuai

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Guest Editor

College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400030, China
Interests: structural health monitoring; prognostics and diagnostics; piezoelectric transducer and electromagnetic acoustic transducer modeling and application; static/dynamic structural analysis; multi-field system dynamic analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Structural dynamics is undoubtedly one of important subjects in the engineering field, aiming at understanding the underlying characteristics of structures via dynamic analysis. Extensive research efforts have been made on this subject over recent decades, and the research progresses achieved have significantly favored the aerospace, transportation, power and energy, infrastructure, and manufacturing industries. Nevertheless, fundamental challenges remain, which need to be tackled holistically in order to accomplish a higher-level success of technology evolution.

This Special Issue of Vibration solicitates the novel research works that can circumvent current grand challenges and advance state-of-the-art technologies and applications in the field of structural dynamics and vibrations, including, but not limited to, the topics listed below:

Advanced sensing for vibration measurement;
Structural dynamics modeling and analysis;
Vibration and wave-guided structural health monitoring and damage identification;
Machinery fault diagnosis and prognosis, machinery predictive maintenance, and machinery remaining life forecast;
Smart materials and structures;
Active, passive, and hybrid vibration control;
Power and energy harvesting of vibration systems;
Uncertainty quantification in structural dynamics;
System reliability analysis, and design optimization under uncertainties.

Dr. Kai Zhou
Dr. Hongling Ye
Dr. Qi Shuai
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vibration is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

structural health and condition monitoring
vibration control
energy harvesting
smart materials and structures
finite element modeling
uncertainty quantification
design optimization

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Published Papers (13 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 5644 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on Fluid–Structure Interaction of a Camber Morphing Wing

by Yuanjing Wang, Pengxuan Lei, Binbin Lv, Yuchen Li and Hongtao Guo

Vibration 2023, 6(4), 1060-1074; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration6040062 - 12 Dec 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1791

Abstract

The influence of trailing edge deformation on the aerodynamic characteristics of camber morphing wings is an important topic in the aviation field. In this paper, a new memory alloy actuator is proposed to realize trailing edge deformation, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and wind tunnel experiments are used to study the influence of trailing edge deformation on the aerodynamic characteristics of the camber morphing wings. The experiments was carried out in a transonic wind tunnel with Mach numbers ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 and angles of attack ranging from 0° to 6°. The external flow fields and aerodynamic force coefficients with and without deformation were calculated using the CFD method. A loose coupled method based on data exchange was used to achieve a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) analysis. The research results indicate that when the trailing edge is deflected downwards, the phenomenon of shock wave forward movement reduces the negative pressure area on the upper wing surface, increases the pressure on the lower wing surface, and ultimately increases the total lift. This work provides a new approach for the implementation of trailing edge deformation and a powerful data reference for the design of camber morphing wings. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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29 pages, 12903 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimal Placement and Active Control Methods for Integrating Smart Material in Dynamic Suppression Structures

by Amalia Moutsopoulou, Georgios E. Stavroulakis, Markos Petousis, Anastasios Pouliezos and Nectarios Vidakis

Vibration 2023, 6(4), 975-1003; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration6040058 - 8 Nov 2023

Viewed by 1538

Abstract

To simulate a lightweight structure with integrated actuators and sensors, two-dimensional finite elements are utilized. The study looks at the optimal location and active vibration control for a piezoelectric smart flexible structure. Intelligent applications are commonly used in engineering applications. In computational mechanics, selecting the ideal position for actuators to suppress oscillations is crucial. The structure oscillates due to dynamic disturbance, and active control is used to try to reduce the oscillation. Utilizing an LQR and H_infinity controller, optimization is carried out to determine the best controller weights, which will dampen the oscillation. Challenging issues arise in the design of control techniques for piezoelectric smart structures. Piezoelectric materials have been investigated for use in distributed parameter systems (for example airplane wings, intelligent bridges, etc.) to provide active control efficiently and affordably. Still, no full suppression of the oscillation with this approach has been achieved so far. The controller’s order is then decreased using optimization techniques. Piezoelectric actuators are positioned optimally according to an enhanced optimization method. The outcomes demonstrate that the actuator optimization strategies used in the piezoelectric smart single flexible manipulator system have increased observability in addition to good vibration suppression results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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23 pages, 7523 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Efficient Modal Identification and Optimal Sensor Placement via Dynamic DIC Measurement and Feature-Based Data Compression

by Weizhuo Wang

Vibration 2023, 6(4), 820-842; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration6040050 - 6 Oct 2023

Viewed by 2317

Abstract

Full-field non-contact vibration measurements provide a rich dataset for analysing structural dynamics. However, implementing the identification algorithm directly using high-spatial resolution data can be computationally expensive in modal identification. To address this challenge, performing identification in a shape-preserving but lower-dimensional feature space is more feasible. The full-field mode shapes can then be reconstructed from the identified feature mode shapes. This paper discusses two approaches, namely data-dependent and data-independent, for constructing the feature spaces. The applications of these approaches to modal identification on a curved plate are studied, and their performance is compared. In a case study involving a curved plate, it was found that a spatial data compression ratio as low as 1% could be achieved without compromising the integrity of the shape features essential for a full-field modal. Furthermore, the paper explores the optimal point-wise sensor placement using the feature space. It presents an alternative, data-driven method for optimal sensor placement that eliminates the need for a normal model, which is typically required in conventional approaches. Combining a small number of point-wise sensors with the constructed feature space can accurately reconstruct the full-field response. This approach demonstrates a two-step structural health monitoring (SHM) preparation process: offline full-field identification of the structure and the recommended point-wise sensor placement for online long-term monitoring. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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17 pages, 3022 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Numerical Approach to Optimize the Dynamic Behaviour of Structures Considering Structural Durability

by William Kaal, Jörg Baumgartner, Maximilian Budnik and Christoph Tamm

Vibration 2023, 6(3), 477-493; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration6030030 - 29 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1321

Abstract

In the design of lightweight structures, both the dynamics and durability must be taken into account. In this paper, a methodology for the combined optimization of structural dynamics, lightweight design, and lifetime with discrete vibration engineering measures is developed and discussed using a demonstration structure. A two-sided welded bending beam is excited at the centre and optimal parameters for tuned mass dampers (TMD) are searched, satisfying the requirements for the dynamic behaviour, the overall mass, and the lifetime of the weldings. It is shown that the combination of a reduced order model with the implementation of the structural stress approach at critical welds enables an efficient evaluation of certain design concepts in the time domain. Using this approach, multi-criterial optimization methods are used to identify the best set of parameters of the TMD to reduce the structural vibrations and enhance the durability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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14 pages, 5547 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Basic Study on Mechanical Vibration Suppression System Using 2-Degree-of-Freedom Vibration Analysis

by Keigo Ikeda, Kota Kamimori, Ikkei Kobayashi, Jumpei Kuroda, Daigo Uchino, Kazuki Ogawa, Ayato Endo, Taro Kato, Xiaojun Liu, Mohamad Heerwan Bin Peeie, Hideaki Kato and Takayoshi Narita

Vibration 2023, 6(2), 407-420; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration6020025 - 1 May 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3156

Abstract

Mechanical vibrations adversely affect mechanical components, and in the worst case, lead to serious accidents by breaking themselves. To suppress vibrations, various studies have been conducted on vibration isolation, suppression, and resistance. In addition, technologies to actively suppress vibration have been rapidly developed in recent years, and it has been reported that vibrations can be suppressed with higher performance. However, these studies have been conducted mostly for low-order systems, and few studies have employed control models that consider the complex vibration characteristics of multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) systems. This study is a basic study that establishes a control model for complex control systems, and the vibration characteristics of a 2-DOF system are calculated using the vibration analysis of a multi-DOF system. Furthermore, the vibration suppression performance of the 2-DOF system is investigated by performing vibration experiments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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16 pages, 947 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Semi-Analytical Finite-Element Analysis for Free and Forced Wave Propagation Using COMSOL and LiveLink for Matlab

by Davide Raffaele, Emiliano Rustighi and Timothy Waters

Vibration 2023, 6(2), 359-374; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration6020022 - 3 Apr 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3785

Abstract

The Semi-Analytical Finite-Element (SAFE) method represents one of the most established numerical approaches for predicting the propagation of elastic waves in one-dimensional structures of arbitrary cross-sections. Its implementation in the commercial finite-element software COMSOL Multiphysics has been proposed in recent years; however, it is limited to only the free wave propagation for computing dispersion curves. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes an extension of this approach that combines COMSOL and its Livelink for Matlab tool. This enables the extraction from COMSOL of the assembled mass and stiffness SAFE matrices to solve problems of both free and forced wave propagation in the Matlab environment. The resulting customised software takes advantage of both the potential of commercial FE software and the power of Matlab without worrying about compatibility issues. A model of a simply supported plate strip and that of a more complex geometry are implemented to validate, respectively, the SAFE matrix extraction procedure and the implemented forced response formulation. The results agree well with corresponding analytical and numerical results validating the proposed implementation of the SAFE method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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24 pages, 1733 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Radio Frequency Cavity’s Analytical Model and Control Design

by Mahsa Keikha, Jalal Taheri Kahnamouei and Mehrdad Moallem

Vibration 2023, 6(2), 319-342; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration6020020 - 25 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1613

Abstract

Reduction or suppression of microphonic interference in radio frequency (RF) cavities, such as those used in Electron Linear Accelerators, is necessary to precisely control accelerating fields. In this paper, we investigate modeling the cavity as a cylindrical shell and present its free vibration analysis along with an appropriate control scheme to suppress vibrations. To this end, we first obtain an analytical mechanical dynamic model of a nine-cell cavity using a modified Fourier-Ritz method that provides a unified solution for cylindrical shell systems with general boundary conditions. The model is then verified using the ANSYS software in terms of a comparison of eigenfrequencies which prove to be identical to the proposed model. We also present an active observer-based vibration control scheme to suppress the dominant mechanical modes of the cavity. The control system performance is investigated using simulations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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17 pages, 5306 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Adaptive Notch Filter in a Two-Link Flexible Manipulator for the Compensation of Vibration and Gravity-Induced Distortion

by Minoru Sasaki, Joseph Muguro, Waweru Njeri and Arockia Selvakumar Arockia Doss

Vibration 2023, 6(1), 286-302; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration6010018 - 10 Mar 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2485

Abstract

This paper presents a 2-link, 2-DOF flexible manipulator control using an inverse feedforward controller and an adaptive notch filter with a direct strain feedback controller. In the flexible manipulator, transient and residue vibrations inhibit the full potential of the manipulator. Vibrations caused by abrupt changes in the direction of the links are referred to as transient vibrations, whereas residual vibrations occur when the arm takes too long to settle after engaging in the intended task. The feedforward adaptive notch filter will reduce transient vibration caused by the manipulator arm beginning and halting suddenly, while the strain feedback will assure the quick decay of leftover vibrations. Maple, Maplesim, and MATLAB tools were used to model the manipulator and create the inverse controller and adaptive notch filter. The experiments took place in the dSPACE control desk environment. The experimental results of the spectral power of strain resulting from the two strategies are compared. From the results, the adaptive notch filter control had over an 80% improvement in the reduction in resonant frequencies that contribute to vibration. The results confirmed the feasibility of the approach, characterized by very minimal transient vibrations and a quick settling of the end effector. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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17 pages, 6628 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Free and Forced Vibration Behaviors of Magnetodielectric Effect in Magnetorheological Elastomers

by Hamid Jafari and Ramin Sedaghati

Vibration 2023, 6(1), 269-285; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration6010017 - 3 Mar 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2346

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the free and forced vibration responses of a magneto/electroactive dielectric elastomer, emphasizing the chaotic phenomena. The dielectric elastomers under external magnetic and electrical excitations undergo large elastic deformation. The magnetodielectric elastomer is modeled based on the Gent–Gent strain energy function to incorporate the influence of the second invariant and the strain stiffening. The viscoelasticity of the active polymer is also considered in the form of Rayleigh’s dissipation function. The equation of motion is governed with the aid of the Lagrangian equation in terms of a physical quantity, namely, the stretch of the elastomer. An energy-based approach is utilized to re-evaluate the static and DC voltage instabilities of the resonator. Time-stretch response (time history behavior), phase plane diagram, Poincaré map, and fast Fourier transform are numerically obtained and presented to explore the chaotic oscillation behavior of the active polymer actuators. The results reveal that the magnetic field may tune the stability and instability regions of the active polymeric membrane. It has also been shown that the applied magnetic field may lead to chaotic vibration responses when a sinusoidal voltage is applied simultaneously to the system. The results presented in this paper can be effectively used to design magnetic and electrical soft robotic actuators and elastomer membranes under electrical and magnetic stimulants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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21 pages, 10231 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on Hydraulic Dampers Using a Foldable Inverted Spiral Origami Structure

by Jingchao Guan, Jingshun Zuo, Wei Zhao, Nobuyuki Gomi and Xilu Zhao

Vibration 2022, 5(4), 711-731; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration5040042 - 21 Oct 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3393

Abstract

Hydraulic dampers for the vibration damping of industrial machinery and building structures are typically cylindrical. This study proposes a novel, axially free-folding hydraulic damper of the origami type to improve the structural characteristics of the conventional cylinder shape with restricted effective stroke in relation to the overall length. First, the basic design equation of the proposed origami hydraulic damper was derived by demonstrating that the fold line cylinders on the sidewalls will always meet the foldable condition of the origami hydraulic damper, that is,

α = π / n

and

π / 2 n \leq β \leq π / n

. Next, the fluid flow characteristics inside the origami hydraulic damper and in the flow path were analyzed; it was determined that the actual damping force exerted on the origami damper was proportional to the square of the velocity of motion. Equations of motion were developed considering the derived damping force equation, and a vibration analysis method using the Range–Kutta numerical analysis technique was established. A validation test system with an origami hydraulic damper in a mass-spring vibration system was developed, and vibration tests were performed with actual seismic waves to verify the damping characteristics and effectiveness of the origami hydraulic damper. Furthermore, the orifice hole diameter at the end of the origami structure as well as the type of internal fluid, were varied in the vibration tests. The effect of the main components of the origami hydraulic damper on the damping effect was analyzed, revealing that the orifice hole diameter had a more significant effect than the internal fluid. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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17 pages, 1813 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Interference between Vertical and Roll Vibrations on the Dynamic Behaviour of the Railway Bogie

by Mădălina Dumitriu and Ioana Izabela Apostol

Vibration 2022, 5(4), 659-675; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration5040039 - 23 Sep 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2019

Abstract

This paper investigates the dynamic behaviour of a two-axle bogie under the influence of interference between the vertical vibrations of bounce and pitch—generated by the track irregularities—and the roll horizontal vibrations—excited by the asymmetry in the suspension damping that can be caused by the failure of a damper during exploitation. For this purpose, the results of numerical simulations are being used, as developed on the basis of two original models of the bogie-track system, namely the model of the bogie with symmetrical damping of the suspension—track and the model of the bogie with asymmetrical damping of the suspension—track, respectively. The dynamic behaviour of the bogie with symmetrical/asymmetrical damping is evaluated in five reference points of the bogie regime of vibrations, based on the Root Mean Square of acceleration (RMS acceleration). The results thus obtained highlight the characteristics regarding the symmetry/asymmetry of the regime of vibrations in the bogie reference points and the location of the critical point of the bogie regime of vibrations. The influence of the suspension asymmetry upon the dynamic behaviour of the bogie is analysed in an original manner, hence leading to conclusions that might establish themselves as the starting point of a new fault detection method of the dampers in the primary suspension of the railway vehicle. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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18 pages, 8301 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Vibration Analysis of a 5-DOF Long-Reach Robotic Arm

by Hedieh Badkoobehhezaveh, Reza Fotouhi, Qianwei Zhang and Douglas Bitner

Vibration 2022, 5(3), 585-602; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration5030034 - 3 Sep 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3960

Abstract

In this paper, dynamic and vibration characteristics of a newly developed 5-degrees-of-freedom (5-DOF) long-reach robotic arm for farm applications is studied through finite element analysis (FEA), as well as experimentally. The new manipulator is designed to be light and compact enough that it can be mounted on a small vehicle for farm applications. A finite element model of this novel manipulator was established using a commercial FEA software. FEA was carried out for two different configurations of the manipulator (fully-extended and vertical half-extended). The fully-extended configuration provides the longest reach of the arm and is one of the most commonly used poses in farm applications; vibrations of this configuration are highly affected by its base excitation. The FEA results indicated that the first six natural frequencies of the manipulator for the two configurations considered were between 4.4 to 41.6 (Hz). Modal analysis on the fully-extended configuration was completed using experimental modal analysis to verify the finite element results. In the experiments, acceleration data were obtained utilizing sensors, and were post-processed using Fast-Fourier Transforms. The first six natural frequencies and their corresponding mode shapes were obtained using FEA and also experimentally, and the results were compared; the comparison showed good agreement, with less than 10% difference. Our verified FE model provides a reliable basis for future vibration control for the newly developed robotic arm for different applications. A harmonic response simulation was also carried out using an experimentally corrected FE model; this provides a good understanding of the dynamic behavior of the newly developed arm under base excitation. This paper offers an experimentally corrected FEA model for a large manipulator with base excitation for farm applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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14 pages, 5740 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Nonlinear Piezoelectric Energy Harvester: Experimental Output Power Mapping

by Ioan Burda

Vibration 2022, 5(3), 483-496; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration5030027 - 27 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2326

Abstract

In this paper, the output power map of a nonlinear energy harvester (PEH) made of a console beam and the membrane of a resonant vibration speaker is analyzed experimentally. The PEH uses two large piezoelectric patches (PZT-5H) bonded into a parallel bimorph configuration. The nonlinear response of the deformable structure provides a wider bandwidth in which power can be harvested, compensating for the mistuning effect of linear counterparts. The nonlinear response of the proposed PEH is analyzed from the perspective of its electrical performance. The proposed experimental method provides novelty by measuring the effects produced by the nonlinearity of the deformable structure on the output power map. The objective of this analysis is to optimize the size of the PZT patch in relation to the size of the console beam, providing experimental support for the design. The presentation of the most significant experimental results of a nonlinear PEH, followed by experimental mapping of the output power, ensured that the proposed objective was achieved. The accuracy of the experimental results was determined by the high degree of automation in the experimental setup, assisted by advanced data processing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Engineering Technologies and Applications in Structural Dynamics and Vibrations)

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