Improving HPV Vaccination Coverage: Current Challenges, Emerging Strategies and Future Directions: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Papillomavirus Vaccines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2027 | Viewed by 348

Editor

Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: epidemiology; evidence-based medicine; burden of disease; prevention; public health; cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical and most anal cancers worldwide, and it is substantially implicated in several other cancer localizations. Since the introduction of the first HPV vaccines in 2006, widespread vaccination has led to marked declines in HPV infection and HPV-related disease in many populations. Despite these successes, global HPV vaccination coverage remains suboptimal, with pronounced disparities across regions, income groups, and genders. These inequities continue to drive a preventable disease burden and widen health gaps both between and within countries.

In recent years, major scientific and policy developments have reshaped HPV vaccination. Modeling studies and real-world evidence have shown promising results for single-dose HPV vaccination schedules, while revised recommendations regarding age at vaccination and gender-neutral strategies are increasingly being considered and implemented. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in routine immunization programs, leading to substantial disruptions in HPV vaccine delivery, the accumulation of missed or delayed cohorts and exacerbating barriers to vaccine uptake in many settings.

As health systems transition from pandemic disruption to recovery and scale-up, there is an urgent need to rethink HPV vaccination strategies, accelerate coverage, and address persistent challenges such as hesitancy, access barriers, misinformation, and structural inequalities. In this context, the expanding role of social media in both information and misinformation ecosystems presents challenges but also opportunities to strengthen trust through the effective communication of evidence-based research.

This Second Edition of the Special Issue invites high-quality original research, systematic reviews, brief reports, and policy analyses that advance our understanding of the following:

  • Determinants of HPV vaccine acceptance, hesitancy, and uptake in diverse populations;
  • Programmatic and implementation strategies that increase coverage and equity;
  • Impact of COVID-19 and other public health disruptions on HPV vaccination programs, including the effectiveness of catch-up and school-based re-launch strategies;
  • Innovative communication and education interventions to strengthen public trust in vaccination;
  • Health system, policy, and economic evaluations supporting sustainable HPV vaccine delivery;
  • Advances in vaccine schedules and the use of new tools such as digital reminders and novel delivery platforms to improve accessibility.

This Second Edition welcomes multidisciplinary contributions that generate actionable evidence and inform both research and practice in HPV vaccination and cancer prevention.

Dr. Irena Ilic
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • HPV vaccination
  • HPV vaccination coverage
  • HPV vaccine uptake
  • single-dose HPV vaccination
  • gender-neutral HPV vaccination
  • HPV-related cancers
  • cervical cancer elimination
  • HPV vaccine hesitancy
  • HPV vaccine communication

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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15 pages, 227 KB  
Article
Family Vaccination Context Predicts HPV Vaccine Uptake Among Medical Students
by Farah Harb, Shakhnozakhon Mukhtorova, Akarsh Lal, Laila Al-Jerdi, Morhaf Al Achkar and Radhika Gogoi
Vaccines 2026, 14(7), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14070569 (registering DOI) - 28 Jun 2026
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is an important cancer prevention strategy, yet uptake remains incomplete. Although provider recommendation is a key driver of HPV vaccination, less is known about how future physicians’ own vaccination behaviors are shaped. This study examined whether family vaccination [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is an important cancer prevention strategy, yet uptake remains incomplete. Although provider recommendation is a key driver of HPV vaccination, less is known about how future physicians’ own vaccination behaviors are shaped. This study examined whether family vaccination context was associated with HPV vaccine uptake among medical students, with attention to implications for future vaccine counseling and prevention training. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of survey data from 230 medical students at Wayne State University School of Medicine. The primary outcome was self-reported HPV vaccination status, dichotomized as fully vaccinated versus not fully vaccinated or unsure. Predictors included family vaccination context, gender, religious affiliation, age, year in medical school, prior HPV education, HPV knowledge, and HPV stigma. Family vaccination context was modeled as an ordinal predictor based on agreement that family members of age were vaccinated. HPV knowledge was modeled using a 22-item baseline pre-survey composite score. HPV stigma was modeled as a 2-item composite assessing perceived stigma associated with HPV and disclosure. Analyses included univariate and bivariate tests, followed by complete-case multivariable logistic regression. A sensitivity analysis restricted the outcome to vaccinated versus unvaccinated students, excluding those who were unsure. Results: Of 230 students, 189 (82.2%) reported being fully vaccinated against HPV. In bivariate analyses, family vaccination context, gender, and HPV knowledge were associated with vaccination status, whereas religion, age, year in medical school, prior HPV education, and HPV stigma were not. In the adjusted model (n = 165), family vaccination context remained the strongest independent correlate of HPV vaccination status (OR, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.11–7.42; p < 0.001). Female gender was also associated with higher odds of vaccination (OR, 3.80; 95% CI, 1.01–14.29; p = 0.048), as was higher HPV knowledge (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.03–1.53; p = 0.024). HPV stigma showed a borderline inverse association with vaccination status (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.26–1.07; p = 0.076). Religion, age, year in medical school, and prior HPV education were not statistically significant after adjustment. The family vaccination association remained robust in the vaccinated-versus-unvaccinated sensitivity analysis (OR, 7.70; 95% CI, 2.45–24.26; p < 0.001). Exploratory secondary analyses suggested that family vaccination context may also be associated with stronger intention to recommend HPV vaccination to future patients and greater intent to vaccinate among students who were not fully vaccinated or unsure, although these findings should be interpreted cautiously. Conclusions: Perceived family vaccination context was the strongest and most consistent correlate of self-reported HPV vaccine completion among medical students in this cross-sectional study. Gender and HPV knowledge were also associated with vaccination status in the primary adjusted model, although these estimates were less precise and less consistent across model specifications. Findings should be interpreted as associations rather than causal effects. HPV prevention training may benefit from addressing not only factual knowledge, but also trainees’ vaccination histories, perceived family and social norms, HPV-related stigma, and comfort discussing vaccination as part of preparation for future cancer prevention counseling. Full article
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