Pneumococcal Vaccine and Vaccination

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2027 | Viewed by 599

Editor


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Guest Editor
Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
Interests: infectious diseases; vaccination; epidemiology; cost-effectiveness

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on the next generation of pneumococcal disease prevention. It highlights research addressing critical future challenges: the development of protein-based vaccines as broader alternatives; surveillance of serotype shifts and replacement disease risk post-vaccination; and evidence for regionally tailored strategies accounting for local epidemiology and resources. This Special Issue also welcomes evaluations of vaccine impact, cost-effectiveness, dynamic disease modeling for policy decisions, and innovations for equitable implementation. By integrating multidisciplinary perspectives, it aims to inform the evolving global agenda toward more effective, accessible, and context-specific pneumococcal immunization.

Dr. Mark Hermannes Rozenbaum
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • pneumococcal conjugate vaccines
  • immunization programs
  • health technology assessment (HTA)
  • cost-effectiveness analysis
  • disease transmission models (DTMs)
  • antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
  • number needed to vaccinate (NNV)
  • pediatric and adult vaccination
  • global vaccine policy
  • reimbursement strategies
  • vaccine uptake and coverage
  • real-world evidence

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 214 KB  
Article
Residual Disparities in US Children Hospitalized Due to All-Cause Pneumonia Following Implementation of Childhood PCV13 in National Immunization Program
by Mark H. Rozenbaum, Ahuva Averin, Derek Weycker, Rotem Lapidot, Amanda Miles, Maria J. Tort, Jeffrey Vietri, Alexander Lonshteyn and Stephen I. Pelton
Vaccines 2026, 14(8), 679; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14080679 - 6 Aug 2026
Viewed by 288
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Pneumonia is a leading cause of hospitalization among children in the United States, with a disproportionate burden in certain racial, socioeconomic, and clinical subgroups. The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), introduced in 2010, significantly reduced pneumococcal disease overall, but its effect [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Pneumonia is a leading cause of hospitalization among children in the United States, with a disproportionate burden in certain racial, socioeconomic, and clinical subgroups. The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), introduced in 2010, significantly reduced pneumococcal disease overall, but its effect on disparities in all-cause hospitalized pneumonia (AC-hPNA) remains unclear. This study evaluated changes in AC-hPNA rates by age, race, comorbidity profile, and household income (HHI) before and after PCV13 implementation. Methods: A retrospective cohort study using Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics® DataMart (2007–2019) included children < 18 years. Rates (per 100,000 person-years) and incidence rate ratios were calculated for four periods: pre-PCV13 (2008–2009), peri-PCV13 (2010–2012), post-PCV13#1 (2013–2016), and post-PCV13#2 (2017–2019). Analyses were stratified by age group and, within each, by race, comorbidity profile (low, at-risk), and HHI. Results: Among 10.1 million children, AC-hPNA rates declined by 51–57% from pre-PCV13 to post-PCV13#2 across all age groups, with the largest reductions in children aged <2 years. Declines occurred across all race, comorbidity, and HHI subgroups; however, rates remained several-fold higher among at-risk children. Persistent disparities were observed among Black children < 2 years, children aged 2–5 years with HHI < $50,000, and children aged 6–17 years with HHI of $50,000–$99,999. Conclusions: Substantial reductions in rates of pediatric AC-hPNA were observed in the period subsequent to the introduction of routine PCV13, yet residual disparities persist among children with comorbidities and select racial and income groups. Targeted strategies are needed to address these gaps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pneumococcal Vaccine and Vaccination)
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