Membranes Used in Water Purification

A special issue of Separations (ISSN 2297-8739). This special issue belongs to the section "Purification Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2025) | Viewed by 1238

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Departmet of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering (IEC Group, ISIRYM). Universitat Politècnica de València, València, 46022 València, Spain
Interests: wastewater treatment; water treatment; water and wastewater treatment; separation processes; separation technologies; electrodialysis; donnan dialysis; ion-exchange membrane; chronopotentiometry; electrochemical membrane evaluation; concentration polarization; electroconvection; water dissociation; water splitting; overlimiting ion transfer mechanisms

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Guest Editor
Departmet of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering (IEC Group, ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
Interests: wastewater treatment; water treatment; water and wastewater treatment; separation processes; separation technologies; electrodialysis; donnan dialysis; ion-exchange membrane; chronopotentiometry; electrochemical membrane evaluation; concentration polarization; electroconvection; water dissociation; water splitting; overlimiting ion transfer mechanisms; cyclic voltammetry; electrodeposition; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Water purification for human use, ecosystem management, agriculture, and industry has become a global priority due to the effects of rapid urbanization, population growth, and intensive climate change. There is a high demand to develop and improve technologies for water purification, as some of the techniques generally used are expensive, energy-intensive, and/or harmful to the environment. Separation methods using membranes have been frequently used for decades as a technically, economically, and environmentally viable alternative, as they allow for the removal of a wide variety of contaminants, such as large colloids, algae, bacteria, and individual ions presenting small hydrated radii. However, these processes still face challenges, mainly the effects of fouling.

Prof. Dr. Valentín Pérez-Herranz and Dr. Kayo Santana Barros invite researchers to publish their works involving water purification using membrane-based techniques, such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, pressure-retarded osmosis, membrane distillation, and electrodialysis. This Special Issue serves as a platform for gathering all recent advances in the broad scope of membranes used in water purification. Articles, case studies, reviews, and communications are welcome and held in high regard.

Dr. Kayo Santana Barros
Prof. Dr. Valentín Pérez-Herranz
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • microfiltration
  • ultrafiltration
  • nanofiltration
  • reverse osmosis
  • forward osmosis
  • pressure-retarded osmosis
  • membrane distillation
  • electrodialysis
  • fouling
  • water purification

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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23 pages, 3236 KiB  
Technical Note
Techno-Economic and Feasibility Assessment of Membrane-Based Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in the Automotive Industry
by Sara Carvalho, Mário Eusébio and Svetlozar Velizarov
Separations 2025, 12(2), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12020030 - 26 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 754
Abstract
The gradual increase in water scarcity due to depletion and/or inadequate use of water resources has affected the automotive sector. In this context, possibilities for water reuse in the pre-treatment tunnel in an automotive painting process were studied and compared with the primary [...] Read more.
The gradual increase in water scarcity due to depletion and/or inadequate use of water resources has affected the automotive sector. In this context, possibilities for water reuse in the pre-treatment tunnel in an automotive painting process were studied and compared with the primary goal of finding the most appropriate and economically viable water recovery solutions, considering a circular economy metric approach. To this end, an experimental campaign of aqueous effluent characterization, with determinations of most relevant chemical and physical parameters, was conducted in a company in the automotive industry sector. To reduce alkalinity and remove surfactants from the effluent of the washing phase, a cation exchange on a weak-acid-based resin was proposed along with a microfiltration membrane system with a recovery efficiency of 88%. The inclusion of subsequent ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis steps proved to be the most suitable for removing salts and biocides from the water of the cooling towers, treating approximately 68% of the water. The techno-economic feasibility was comprehensively evaluated according to the type of treatment used. A cost of EUR 245 thousand was estimated for the treatment of water from the degreasing washing phase (EUR 1.06 per manufactured car), and a cost of EUR 582 thousand was estimated for the treatment of the cooling towers’ water (EUR 2.52 per car). The estimated water income after the treatment systems’ implementation was estimated to be equal to EUR 0.07 per car for the washing stage and EUR 0.13 per car for the cooling towers. Ultimately, this study clearly demonstrated the beneficial contribution of using membrane treatment in the automotive sector’s environmental policy, leading to water reuse and much lower effluent discharge according to the principles of the circular economy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Membranes Used in Water Purification)
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