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Sensors from Miniaturization of Analytical Instruments (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 July 2025 | Viewed by 4227

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaozhi Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Interests: sensors; 2D materials and devices; bio-electronic devices and medical devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Youjiang Liu

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
Interests: ion mobility spectrometry; mass spectrometry; signal to noise ratio; detection theory

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of modern fabrication and machining methods has greatly expanded the potential inherent in the miniaturization of traditional sensing or analytical techniques, including various mini-/micro-ionization techniques, mass analyzers, separation device, and chemical/optical detectors. This has led to the development of many extremely sensitive, selective, and multi-physics sensor-type technologies, particularly for application in bio- or chemical sensing. 

This Special Issue will address all miniaturized analytical instrument-type sensors and their related technology and applications.

Dr. Xiaozhi Wang
Dr. Youjiang Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • MEMS
  • ionization
  • micro-optical detector
  • micro mass spectrometry sensor
  • handhold analytical sensor

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3355 KiB  
Article
Portable Measurement System for the Characterization of Capacitive Field-Effect Sensors
by Tobias Karschuck, Stefan Schmidt, Stefan Achtsnicht, Joey Ser, Ismail Bouarich, Georges Aboutass, Arshak Poghossian, Patrick H. Wagner and Michael J. Schöning
Sensors 2025, 25(9), 2681; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25092681 - 24 Apr 2025
Viewed by 158
Abstract
A user-friendly, portable, low-cost readout system for the on-site or point-of-care characterization of chemo- and biosensors based on an electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor capacitor (EISCAP) has been developed using a thumb-drive-sized commercial impedance analyzer. The system is controlled by a custom Python script and allows to [...] Read more.
A user-friendly, portable, low-cost readout system for the on-site or point-of-care characterization of chemo- and biosensors based on an electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor capacitor (EISCAP) has been developed using a thumb-drive-sized commercial impedance analyzer. The system is controlled by a custom Python script and allows to characterize EISCAP sensors with different methods (impedance spectra, capacitance-voltage, and constant-capacitance modes), which are selected in a user interface. The performance of the portable readout system was evaluated by pH measurements and the detection of the antibiotic penicillin, hereby using EISCAPs consisting of Al/p-Si/SiO2/Ta2O5 structures and compared to the results obtained with a stationary commercial impedance analyzer. Both the portable and the commercial systems provide very similar results with almost perfectly overlapping recorded EISCAP signals. The new portable system can accelerate the transition of EISCAP sensors from research laboratories to commercial end-user devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors from Miniaturization of Analytical Instruments (2nd Edition))
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15 pages, 2619 KiB  
Article
A Highly Portable Smartphone-Based Capillary Electrophoresis with Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection
by Zhimin Tao, Qiang Zhang, Yiren Cao, Xunjie Duan, Yuyang Wu, Liuyin Fan, Chengxi Cao and Weiwen Liu
Sensors 2025, 25(7), 2303; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25072303 - 4 Apr 2025
Viewed by 198
Abstract
Work has rarely been reported on a highly portable smartphone-based capillary electrophoresis (CE) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D). Herein, a highly portable phone-based CE (130 mm × 190 × 70 mm, 1.4 kg) with C4D and Bluetooth [...] Read more.
Work has rarely been reported on a highly portable smartphone-based capillary electrophoresis (CE) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D). Herein, a highly portable phone-based CE (130 mm × 190 × 70 mm, 1.4 kg) with C4D and Bluetooth communication, as well as user-interface software, was developed for portable analysis. To demonstrate the device, six metal ions were selected as model analytes for verification and successfully applied to the detection of ions in tap water. The analytical performance highlighted that the runs and data analysis of the CE-C4D device could be controlled via the user interface based on smartphones. Furthermore, the experiments showed that (i) the linear ranges of six metal ions were between 6 and 1500 μmol/L with a correlation coefficient of more than 0.9934; (ii) the limit of detection (LOD) values were within 1.84–4.33 μmol/L; (iii) the intra-day deviations of migration time and peak area were 2.40–5.24% and 0.75–2.82% (n = 5), respectively. Although the LOD is not the most optimal among current portable devices, the results still indicated the satisfactory analytical performance and potential of the developed device, software, and method for portable separation and quantitation of analytes from various fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors from Miniaturization of Analytical Instruments (2nd Edition))
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18 pages, 1763 KiB  
Article
PULSE: A Fast Portable Unit for Lab-on-Site Electrochemistry
by Cláudia Ferreira, Fiona Barry, Miomir Todorović, Patrick Sugrue, Sofia Rodrigues Teixeira and Paul Galvin
Sensors 2025, 25(3), 762; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25030762 - 27 Jan 2025
Viewed by 950
Abstract
This study aims to develop and validate a novel fast-detection electrochemical sensing platform to enhance portable electrochemical sensor solutions. The research focuses on optimising analogue front-end circuits, developing data analysis algorithms, and validating the device through experiments to enhance measurement accuracy and detection [...] Read more.
This study aims to develop and validate a novel fast-detection electrochemical sensing platform to enhance portable electrochemical sensor solutions. The research focuses on optimising analogue front-end circuits, developing data analysis algorithms, and validating the device through experiments to enhance measurement accuracy and detection speed, enabling on-site measurements across diverse applications. This work successfully designed a Portable Unit for Lab-on-Site Electrochemistry (PULSE) system with dimensions of (78×100×2) mm3. The device’s implementation was complemented by robust firmware that performed desired electrochemical measurements, including open circuit potentiometry (OCP), chronoamperometry (CA), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). To assess its reliability, the PULSE was benchmarked against a well-established benchtop potentiostat. The results obtained highlight the system’s rapid sensing capabilities, achieving pH detection in 2 s and performing CA in 20 s. The pH calibration curve exhibited Nernstian behaviour with an accuracy of 97.58%. A correlation analysis comparing the calibration curve datasets across all electrochemical techniques from both systems revealed high correlation coefficients (>0.99), confirming the strong agreement between the two systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors from Miniaturization of Analytical Instruments (2nd Edition))
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12 pages, 3908 KiB  
Article
A Novel Technique for Monitoring Carbonate and Scale Precipitation Using a Batch-Process-Based Hetero-Core Fiber Optic Sensor
by Sakurako Satake, Ai Hosoki, Hideki Kuramitz and Akira Ueda
Sensors 2024, 24(23), 7580; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24237580 - 27 Nov 2024
Viewed by 842
Abstract
Techniques for monitoring calcium carbonate and silica deposits (scale) in geothermal power plants and hot spring facilities using fiber optic sensors have already been reported. These sensors continuously measure changes in light transmittance with a detector and, when applied to field tests, require [...] Read more.
Techniques for monitoring calcium carbonate and silica deposits (scale) in geothermal power plants and hot spring facilities using fiber optic sensors have already been reported. These sensors continuously measure changes in light transmittance with a detector and, when applied to field tests, require the installation of a power supply and sensor monitoring equipment. However, on some sites, a power supply may not be available, or a specialist skilled in handling scale sensors is required. To overcome this problem, we have developed a method for evaluating scale formation that is based on a batch process that can be used by anyone. In brief, this method involves depositing scale on a section of the optical fiber sensor and then fusing this section to the optical fiber and measuring it. Using this sensor, a technician in the field can simply place the sensor in the desired location, collect the samples at any given time, and send them to the laboratory to measure their transmittance. This simple and easy method was achieved by using a hetero-core type of fiber optic. This evaluation method can measure with the same sensitivity as conventional real-time methods, while its transmittance response for the sensor corresponds to the saturation index (SI) changes in the scale components in the solution due to increases in temperature and concentration. In the field of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS), this evaluation method can be used to quantitatively measure the formation of carbonate minerals, and it can also be used as an indicator for determining the conditions for CO2 mineral fixation, as well as in experiments using batch-type autoclaves in laboratory testing. It is also expected to be used in geothermal power plants as a method for evaluating scale formation, such as that of amorphous silica, and to protect against agents that hinder stable operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors from Miniaturization of Analytical Instruments (2nd Edition))
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12 pages, 3522 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Resistive Switching Properties of Transparent HfO2-Based Memristor Devices for Reliable Gasistor Applications
by Taegi Kim, Doowon Lee, Myoungsu Chae, Kyeong-Heon Kim and Hee-Dong Kim
Sensors 2024, 24(19), 6382; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196382 - 1 Oct 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1501
Abstract
We present a transparent memristor with a rough-surface (RS) bottom electrode (BE) with enhanced performance and reliability for a gasistor, which is a gas sensor plus a memristor, and its application in this paper. The transparent memristor, with an RS BE, exhibited low [...] Read more.
We present a transparent memristor with a rough-surface (RS) bottom electrode (BE) with enhanced performance and reliability for a gasistor, which is a gas sensor plus a memristor, and its application in this paper. The transparent memristor, with an RS BE, exhibited low forming voltages (0.8 V) and a stable resistive switching behavior, with high endurance and an on/off ratio of about 125. This improvement is due to the better control of the electric field distribution and the oxygen vacancy concentration when applying the RS BE to transparent memristors. Maintaining the stability of the conducting filament in an ambient air environment for extended periods of time is crucial for the application of memristors as gasistors. The memristor with an RS BE demonstrates an ability to sustain a stable-current state for approximately 104 s. As a result, it is shown that the proposed transparent memristor with an RS BE can significantly enhance the device’s reliability for gasistor applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors from Miniaturization of Analytical Instruments (2nd Edition))
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