Alternative Mechanisms of Induction of CNS Diseases

A special issue of Sci (ISSN 2413-4155).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2021) | Viewed by 7724

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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The failure of clinical trials in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease highlights the need to find alternative mechanisms of induction of these diseases. It is clear that beta-amyloid does not cause Alzheimer's disease and alpha-synuclein may not cause Parkinson's disease. In addition, newly discovered endocannabinoid-like molecules may provide new clues about the causes of autism, multiple sclerosis, and other CNS diseases.

This Special Issue aims to collect state-of-the-art breakthroughs including but not limited to the following topics:

  • Blood brain barrier;
  • Vascular permeability;
  • Immune system activation;
  • Oxidative stress;
  • Endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-like molecules;
  • Alzheimer’s disease;
  • Parkinson’s disease;
  • Autism;
  • Multiple sclerosis.

Prof. Dr. James David Adams
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Autism
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Endocannabinoids
  • Oxidative stress.

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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11 pages, 294 KiB  
Review
Probable Causes of Alzheimer’s Disease
by James David Adams
Sci 2021, 3(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/sci3010016 - 2 Mar 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 7010
Abstract
A three-part mechanism is proposed for the induction of Alzheimer’s disease: (1) decreased blood lactic acid; (2) increased blood ceramide and adipokines; (3) decreased blood folic acid. The age-related nature of these mechanisms comes from age-associated decreased muscle mass, increased visceral fat and [...] Read more.
A three-part mechanism is proposed for the induction of Alzheimer’s disease: (1) decreased blood lactic acid; (2) increased blood ceramide and adipokines; (3) decreased blood folic acid. The age-related nature of these mechanisms comes from age-associated decreased muscle mass, increased visceral fat and changes in diet. This mechanism also explains why many people do not develop Alzheimer’s disease. Simple changes in lifestyle and diet can prevent Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is caused by a cascade of events that culminates in damage to the blood–brain barrier and damage to neurons. The blood–brain barrier keeps toxic molecules out of the brain and retains essential molecules in the brain. Lactic acid is a nutrient to the brain and is produced by exercise. Damage to endothelial cells and pericytes by inadequate lactic acid leads to blood–brain barrier damage and brain damage. Inadequate folate intake and oxidative stress induced by activation of transient receptor potential cation channels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase damage the blood–brain barrier. NAD depletion due to inadequate intake of nicotinamide and alterations in the kynurenine pathway damages neurons. Changes in microRNA levels may be the terminal events that cause neuronal death leading to Alzheimer’s disease. A new mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease induction is presented involving lactic acid, ceramide, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, folate, nicotinamide, kynurenine metabolites and microRNA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alternative Mechanisms of Induction of CNS Diseases)
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