Ground Based Imaging of Active Volcanic Phenomena

Dear Colleagues,

Thanks to the emerging new technologies and ongoing developments in miniaturization, imaging active and highly dynamic phenomena has pushed ground based remote sensing studies a step further, given the range of the electromagnetic spectrum where images can be recorded in the present days at higher rate and spectral resolution. Resulting images can be interpreted to yield detail and useful information about scenes. The ability of imaging target scenes beyond visible spectral range, with high spectral resolution and at high acquisition rate is a powerful remote sensing technique with numerous applications in volcanology. The properties of thermal radiation to penetrate gases, aerosols dusts and mists combined with high rate imaging cameras, offers not only the possibility to distinctively map the temperature distribution across an observed area but it also captures the temperature variations, heat fluxes, cooling rates of any active phenomena. Such approach has proven useful in capturing rapid gas and mass flux trends associated with explosions, puffing and passive degassing on volcanoes, as well as to constrain dynamic effusive processes. Ultraviolet light interacts with materials in a unique way enabling surface features and characteristics to be observed that are difficult to detect by other methods. Ultraviolet radiation arising from sunlight scattered by atmospheric molecules is often used in the detection SO2 in gas emissions. Multispectral and hyperspectral imaging are becoming available with growing interest to provide further details and characteristics of different objects and processes present in an observed scene. In the visible imaging area, the combination of visible imagery with modern photogrammetric approaches have demonstrated a strong capacity to detect and monitor morphological changes, quantifying volumes, mapping deposits or rocks. This special issue welcomes original papers that explore ground-based ultraviolet, visible and thermal imaging of active volcanic phenomena. Innovative multispectral and hyperspectral imaging on volcanoes are strongly encouraged.

Dr. Philipson Bani
Dr. Giancarlo Tamburello
Dr. Tom Pering
Guest Editors

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